ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS/NEUROLEPTICS

Question 1

A mental health condition characterized by delusions, hallucinations, illusions, disorganized behavior, and a difficulty relating to others

Answer 1

psychosis

Question 2

Psychosis is A condition that affects the way your brain process information. It causes you to _______

Answer 2

lose touch with reality

Question 3

You might see, hear, or believe things that are not real

Answer 3

Psychosis

Question 4

Psychosis is a ____, not an illness

Answer 4

symptoms

Question 5

What causes pyschosis?

Answer 5

mental or physical illness
brain damage
substance abuse or drug addiction
extreme stress
depression or trauma
chronic alcoholism
overdoses of certain medication

Question 6

Seeing, hearing or feeling something that is not there

Answer 6

Hallucinations

Question 7

Firm ideas and belief not founded in reality

Answer 7

Delusions

Question 8

Distorted perceptions of actual sensory stimuli

Answer 8

Illusions

Question 9

An extreme suspicion and delusion that they are being followed, and that others are trying to harm them. Some psychotic clients may exhibit this.

Answer 9

Paranoia

Question 10

Give at least 3 s/sx of psychosis

Answer 10

Hallucinations, delusions or paranoia
Strange behavior such as communicating in rambling statements or made-up words
Attitude of indifference or detachment toward the activity’s
Rapid alteration between extreme hyperactivity and stupor
Strange or irrational actions
Deterioration of personal hygiene, and job or academic performance Marked withdrawal from social interactions and interpersonal relationship

Question 11

A class of medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia but also a range of other psychotic disorder.

Answer 11

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS/NEUROLEPTICS

Question 12

What are the Basic Categories of Antipsychotic Agents

Answer 12

1. Conventional antipsychotics/First generation or Typical antipsychotics
2. Atypical antipsychotics

Question 13

What are the conventional antipsychotics/First generation or Typical antipsychotics agents?

Answer 13

Phenothiazine and phenothiazine like drugs

Question 14

Phenothiazines are the most effective at treating positive signs of ______, such as hallucinations and delusions

Answer 14

schizophrenia

Question 15

Treatment of choice for psychoses for 50 years

Answer 15

Phenothiazines

Question 16

Phenothiazines act by preventing ____ and ____ from occupying their receptor site in certain regions of the brain

Answer 16

dopamine and serotonin

Question 17

PHENOTHIAZINES Example Drugs

Answer 17

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Fluphenazine HCL (Permitil, Prolixin)
Promazine HCL (Prozine, Sparine)
Mesoridazine besylate (Serentil)
Thioridazine HI (Mellaril)

Question 18

First effective drug used to treat schizophrenia, was approved by the FDA in 1954

Answer 18

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Question 19

Low potency phenothiazine

Answer 19

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Question 20

Sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, constipation
Photosensitivity, extrapyramidal syndrome
Orthostatic hypotension, ejaculation disorder
Anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, postural hypotension and urinary retention are common

Answer 20

Phenothiazines Side effects/adverse effects

Question 21

Pancytopenia, agranulocytosis
Anaphylactoid reaction, tardive dyskinesia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, hypothermia
Adynamic ileus, sudden unexplained death

Answer 21

Phenothiazines Serious Side Effects

Question 22

A serious set of adverse reaction to antipsychotic drugs.

Answer 22

EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIDE EFFECTS

Question 23

It occurs early in the course of pharmacotherapy and involve severe muscle spasms, particularly of the back, neck, tongue and facial muscles, twitching movements

Answer 23

Acute dystonia

Question 24

the most common EPS, an inability to rest or relax.

Answer 24

Akathisia

Question 25

The client paces, has trouble sitting or remaining still, and has difficulty sleepin

Answer 25

Akathisia

Question 26

includes tremor, muscle rigidity, stooped posture, and a shuffling gait.

Answer 26

Parkinsonism

Question 27

characterized by unusual tongue and face movements such as lip smacking and wormlike motions of the tongue, puffing of cheeks, uncontrolled chewing movements.

Answer 27

Tardive dyskinesia

Question 28

Tardive dyskinesia is the effect of long-term use of phenothiazines ______

Answer 28

Akathisia

Question 29

A toxic reaction to therapeutic doses of antipsychotic drug

Answer 29

Neurologic malignant syndrome (NS)

Question 30

A rare, though potentially life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotic agent

Answer 30

NS

Question 31

The onset is varying from early in treatment to alter several months of therapy

Answer 31

NS

Question 32

The clients exhibit elevated body Temperature, unstable blood pressure, profuse sweating, dyspnea, muscle rigidity, and incontinence

Answer 32

NS

Question 33

Contraindication to the use of phenothiazine and phenothiazine like drugs include _____,______,______,_______,_______,_____ (children under age ____ months) and presence of _______

Answer 33

CNS depression, bone marrow suppression, coma, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, lactation, age(children under age 6 months) and presence of Reye's syndrome

Question 34

used phenothiazines with caution in clients with

Answer 34

asthma, emphysema, respiratory infections, pregnancy (use only when benefits outweigh risks) and elderly person or children

Question 35

Assess a child for hyperexcitability, dehydration or gastroenteritis as well as chicken pox or measles, because such conditions increase the potential for ______

Answer 35

EPS

Question 36

If possible, phenothiazines should not be given to children under ___ years of age.

Answer 36

12

Question 37

If the patient is elderly, determine whether a lower dose maybe indicated owing to the __________ in older adults.

Answer 37

slower metabolism

Question 38

Consists of drugs whose chemical structures are dissimilar to the phenothiazines.

Answer 38

Nonphenothiazines

Question 39

Nonphenothiazines block the postsynaptic ______

Answer 39

D2 dopamine receptor

Question 40

Nonphenothiazines have equal efficacy as the ______

Answer 40

phenothiazines

Question 41

Nonphenothiazine causes less sedation and fewer anticholinergic side effects than________ (Thorazine) but exhibits an equal or even greater incidence of extrapyramidal signs especially in the elderly.

Answer 41

chlorpromazine

Question 42

Nonphenothiazines Example drugs

Answer 42

Haloperidol (Haldol) Chlorprothixene(taractan) Loxapine succinate (Loxitane) Molindone HCL (Moban)

Question 43

Most common drug of non-phenothiazines and used for the management of the acute and chronic psychotic disorders.

Answer 43

Pimozide (Orap), Thiothixene HCL (Navane) Haloperidol (Haldol)

Question 44

Pimozide (Orap), Thiothixene HCL (Navane) Haloperidol (Haldol) has long-acting preparations that last for approximately ______through IM or SQ

Answer 44

3 weeks

Question 45

Non-phenothiazines contraindications include Parkinson's disease, CNS depression, alcoholism, seizure disorders, and age younger than______

Answer 45

3 years old

Question 46

sedation is a less severe side effect than with phenothiazines, but there is a greater incidence of ____ with non-phenothiazines antipsychotics. A possible life-threatening adverse effect of the antipsychotic drug is NMS.

Answer 46

EPS

Question 47

Caution client that any form of _____ used with non-phenothiazines will likely increase anxiety

Answer 47

caffeine

Question 48

Assessing older clients, check for unusual reaction to _____

Answer 48

Haloperidol

Question 49

There is an increase of _____ in elderly woman

Answer 49

tardive dyskinesia

Question 50

This category of drug is not safe for use with children younger than ____-.

Answer 50

2 years old