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Pharmacology > Antiseptics and Desinfectants > Flashcards

Antiseptics and Desinfectants Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Perhydrol

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Reduced microbicidal powder
colorless odorless

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2
Q

Hydrogen peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bivalent action:

  • antiseptic and deodorant activity, strong oxidant effect on oxygen
  • mechanical activity, cleanin debris from wouns

Peroxid activity raised on G+, being bactericidal, activity against vegetative forms

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3
Q

Carbamide peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Commercial: Hyperol, Perhydrit, Exterol

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4
Q

Benzoyl Peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Effect on germs that cause pyoderma in dogs(Staphilococcus spp) as well as soborreic sdr
Action: release O in nascent state during its penetration through the skin

Commercial: Acnegel, Lucidol

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5
Q

Sodium Perborate

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
At high tª and humidity, increases the r8 of O delivery, wich through decomposition will release its components (Na metaborate and H peroxide)

Commercial: Dexol

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6
Q

Potassium Permanganate

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

In contact w organic matter releases O in a nascent state
Good deodorant effect
Antidote for: snake venom, intx w barbiturates, morphine or phosphorus
Low toxicity

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7
Q

Ozone

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinfectant 4 water (virucidal actv)

Virucidal actv manifested by:

  • Oxidation of aa
  • Viral structural changes
  • distortion of the process of attachment
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8
Q

Chlorine

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Oxidant, antiseptic, deodorant, microbicidal
Side effects. attacks metal objects and textiles

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9
Q

Ca Hypochlorate

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Gray powder, water avid

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10
Q

Na Hypochlorate

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinfectant
At low pH will release Chlorine-> chlorinated actv

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11
Q

Halazona

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Increased actv in acidic media
Desinfectant soluble in water al chloroform
Commercials: Aseptamide, Gynamide

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12
Q

Organic derivatives of chloramine

A

Chloramines
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Less irritanting= long erm antimicrobial actv
Akaline envir-> less f(x)
Bactericidal activity increases in combination w ammonium chloride

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13
Q

Chloramine B

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Drinking water desinfec
Crystalline powder yellow - whitish

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14
Q

Chloramine T

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Breaks down slowly in presence of water
Used in food and water chlorination
Soluble white powder

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15
Q

Diclor- izocianuratul

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

native Cl source in food industry
Effervescent tablets

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16
Q

Iodine

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Practicably insolub in water
Broad spectrum antimicrobial
Side effects:
- Corrosive actv, stains
- ggives the smell to meat and milk
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17
Q

Tincture of iodine

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinvection of the operative field
Revulsive around the wounds bt not directly on the wounds

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18
Q

Lugol Solution

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Uterine antiseptic and Antihelmintic

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19
Q

Iodized petrol

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

For degrasing skin

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20
Q

Iodized glycerin

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
In pseudomembranouse stomatitis Ointments

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21
Q

Potassium Iodite

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

White odorless salty and bitter soluble in water

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22
Q

Soium Iodide

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Similar to Kiodite, but better tolerated in IV
For actinobacillosis

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23
Q

Iopanoic acid

A

Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Incholeocystography as contrast agents
tablets
Commercial: Colepax

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24
Q

Iopamide

A

Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Incholeocystography as contrast agents
Commercial: Cholospect

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25
Acetriozat and Diatrozat meglumine
Iodine used as contrast agents Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Used in urographies or other radiolog examinations Commercials:Angiografin, Cysto
26
Iodophores
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal actv: G+/-, antifungal and viruses Commercial: Iosal Idol 10
27
Sptozol
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
28
Septorom
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
29
Polividone
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal commercial: Betadine
30
Iodoform
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
31
The eter solutions
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
32
Kliochinol
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Gram - batericidal
33
Mexaform
Organic derivatives of Iodine Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen) Unstable oxidizing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Antibacterioal, antiparasitic and antispasmodic
34
Formaldehyde
Aldehyde Unstable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Antimicrobial, antifermentation
35
Glutaraldehyde
Aldehyde Unstable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Antifungal, Bacteridical, antiviral Commercial: Aseptol
36
Acetic acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiphlogistic (antiinfl)
37
Peracetic acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Desinfectant side effects:irritating to eyes and mucosa
38
Trichloroacetic acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Corrosive actv, vesicant and caustic Sanofi (commercial)
39
Lactic acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Can be antiseptic, irritating or caustic Metabolizes glucose, lactose, sucrose by diff bact Comm: Bayer
40
Boric acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Antifungal and bactericidal Comm: Clement
41
Benzoic acid
Acid Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant antiseptic, antifungal, antipyretic and antiitch
42
Alkalins
Stable reducing substances Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Parasiticides and bactericidals In high doses can b irritating Ex: NaOH, KOH, Na/K carbonite
43
Detergents
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Na/K salts + fatty acids Antiseptic, desinfectant, irritating Ex batodect
44
Anionic Det
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Act: Penetrates, denatured proteins, produce cytolysis and are bactericidal mostly on G+
45
Cationic Detergents
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal actv in G+, M. tuberculosis and Pseudomonas (weak in G-) Inconsistent Antimycotic actv MODE OF ACT: - Dcrease of surfacev tension, icrease the permeab of cell mb's - Bact lysis due tu prot precip and inhib od enzyme systm to which detergent bind by absorption or electrical charge Examo: cetramicide, clorodine, bromocet, bradophen, Cationorm
46
Ampholytic Detergents
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Amphoteric Fungicide, virulicide, antiseptic in infected wounds
47
Non - ionic detergents
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Polar groups: - Alcoholic OH - Ether O atoms Tween80 (dispersant 4 drugs)
48
Metal salts
Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Mode of action: - Affects w enzyme stystems equipped w sulfide radicals - High conc= bactericidal= prot precp - Low conc= astringect on tissues - High con= irritating, corrosive and necrotizing
49
Metallic Mercury
Mercury and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
50
Corrosive Sublimate
Mercury and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
51
Fenosept
Mercury and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
52
Silver Nitrate
Silver and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
53
Silver proteinate
Silver and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
54
Colargol
Silver and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
55
Argirol
Silver and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
56
Copper sulfate
Cooper and deriv Metal salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant Orally can b antihelmintc
57
Bismuth deriv
Metal Salt Stable reducing substance Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant antitrypanosomiasis tto and antimicrob Xerophorm Bismosal
58
Alcohols
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Mode of action: By pptation of prot and partly by fat solubilty Ethanol, Methanol, Etilenglicol, Propylenglicol
59
Phenol
Phenols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Mode of act: antibact by whole molec, also precipt prot antiparasitcs, antipruritic (by drcreasing nerve sensibility), bacteriostatic or bactericidal (2 - 3%)
60
Hexachlorophen
Phenols and deriv | Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
61
Tricresol
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, effective on viruses
62
Lizol
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal, acaricidal and insecticide Antiseptic in skin and gynecology
63
Creolin
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic , acaricidal and insecticide
64
Lotagen
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic, desinfectant, hemostatic, antifungal
65
Racilin
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic, bacteriostatic, antifungal, necrolytic
66
Moderhinkeasable
Cresols and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic, astringent
67
Naphtalene deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic, antiparasitic, insect repellers, keratoplastic Betanaphthol, Bezonaphthol, Resorcin, Thymol, Guaiacol, Ticol, Duotal, Cresote, Osmatin
68
Tars
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Pine, coal, birch tar and Itchytol
69
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride
Biguanide and deriv Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Antiseptic actv= rupture of the bact cell wall Against: spores, viruses and fungi (partial), G+/- Comm: Germostop, Nostril
70
Chlorometaxylenol and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Bactericidal G+ (strepto and staphy, less affected) Surgical atisept Parachloroxylenol and Dichloroxylenols
71
Acridine derivates
Colorants Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Staphilo and stepto Mode of action: interfering w the aa sequences from the dna
72
Acriflavine
Colorants Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Intese bacteriostatic: pyogenic G+
73
Hemisulphate proflavine
Colorants | Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
74
Hydrochloride aminacrine
Colorants Organic antiseptic/desinfectant for corneal inj and intraocular inflam
75
Combinations of A&D
Colorants Organic antiseptic/desinfectant Forest Balsam Mioseptol Farm Fluid Oo - cide

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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