Antivirals

Question 1

Examples of Anti-HIVs

Answer 1

“avir”

Question 2

Examples of Antiherpes

Answer 2

“ovir”

Question 3

Examples of Antiinfluenza

Answer 3

“ivir”

Question 4

Examples of Antihepatitis

Answer 4

“evir”
“uvir”
“ovir”

Question 5

MoA of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

NRTIs

Answer 5

needs 3 phosphates to be active, gets from host

terminates DNA elongation and competes w/ dinucleotides for reverse transcriptase

Question 6

Examples of NRTIs

Answer 6

zidovudine, lamivudine, emtricitabine

Question 7

Adverse Effects of NRTIs

Answer 7

bone marrow suppression

Question 8

Least Toxic NRTIs

Answer 8

lamivudine and emtricitabine

Question 9

MoA of Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

NtRTI

Answer 9

needs 2 phosphates to be active

Question 10

Use of NRTIs

Answer 10

HIV- inhibits reverse transcriptase

Question 11

Examples of NtRTIs

Answer 11

Tenofovir

Question 12

Use of NtRTIs

Answer 12

HIV- inhibits reverse transcriptase

Question 13

MoA of Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

NNRTIs

Answer 13

no phosphates needed

bind to reverse transcriptase below catalytic site

Question 14

Examples of NNRTIs

Answer 14

efavirenz

Question 15

Protease Inhibitors

Answer 15

inhibits HIV1 protease that makes more virions

Question 16

Examples of Protease Inhibitors

Answer 16

ritonavir

Question 17

Adverse Effects of Protease Inhibitors

Answer 17

central adiposity

insulin resistance- hyperglycemia

Question 18

MoA of Enfuviritide

Answer 18

blocks gp41 protein on T cell survace to prevent HIV entry

Question 19

MoA of Maraviroc

Answer 19

blocks CCR5 protein on macrophage to prevent HIV entry

Question 20

MoA of Raltegravir

Answer 20

inhibits HIV integrase- integrates genetic material into human chromosomes

Question 21

PrEP

Answer 21

given to patients at high risk for exposure to HIV

Question 22

Shingles

Answer 22

later in life after chickenpox

presents with painful dermatomal rash

Question 23

MoA of Acyclovir

Answer 23

needs 3 phosphates to activate

1 from herpes, 2 from host

Question 24

Cidofovir

Answer 24

only activated by host phosphates

used in TK- strains of herpes (dont give up P)

Question 25

Ganciclovir Use

Answer 25

used for CMV retinitis

Question 26

Adverse Effects of Ganciclovir

Answer 26

bone marrow suppression

Question 27

Foscarnet

Answer 27

inhibits pyrophosphate binding site on herpes DNA polymerase

Question 28

Oseltamivir

Answer 28

blocks neuraminidase, inhibiting budding and release of viral flu from cell