Antivíricos inhibidores de la síntesis de ADN viral Flashcards

1
Q

Antivíricos más representativos de los inhibidores de la síntesis de ADN viral?

A

Idoxuridina
Trifluridina
Aciclovir

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2
Q

Mecanismo de acción general de los inhibidores de la síntesis de ADN viral?

A

Inhiben selectivamente la replicación del ADN viral pero no actúan en virus en fase latente.

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3
Q

Mecanismo de acción de idoxiuridina?

A

Sustituye la timidina en el ADN y por eso inhibe la ADN polimerasa.

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4
Q

Mecanismo de acción de trifluridina?

A

Inhibe la timidilato-sintetasa, enzima implicada en la síntesis del ADN viral.

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5
Q

Mecanismo de acción de aciclovir?

A

Bloqueo selectivo de la replicación del herpesvirus por inhibición de la ADN polimerasa e incorporación al ADN viral.

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6
Q

Vía de idoxuridina?

A

tópica

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7
Q

Explica farmacocinética del idoxiuridina

A

Profármaco que se activa al ser metabolizado por las células infectadas.

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8
Q

Vía de trifluridina?

A

tópica y oral

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9
Q

Vía de aciclovir?

A

Tópica, oral e IV

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10
Q

RAM de idoxuridina?

A

irritación local leve

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11
Q

RAM de trifluridina?

A

dolor ocular
edema palpebral
prurito
teratógeno y mutágeno

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12
Q

RAM de aciclovir?

A

oftálmica: quemadura y escozor
tópica: quemadura, prurito y eritema
iv: nefrotoxicidad

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13
Q

Espectro de idoxuridina:

A

Herpes simple (VHS)
adenovirus
viruela
solo virus ADN

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14
Q

Espectro de trifluridina

A

VHS

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15
Q

Espectro de aciclovir

A
VHS
herpes zoster (VHZ)
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16
Q

ap. ter. de idoxuridina

A

inf. oculares y viruela
queratoconjuntivitis en gatos
antineoplásico

17
Q

apt.ter. de trifluridina

A

queratoconjuntivitis

18
Q

apt.ter. de aciclovir

A

tratamiento y profilaxis de manif. locales (exantemas, heridas, úlceras…) y sistémicas