Anxiety Disorders

Question 1

What is the most common psychiatric illness?

Answer 1

Anxiety Disorders

Question 2

Anxiety

Answer 2

Anxiety is an uncomfortable feeling of apprehension or dread that occurs in response to internal or external stimuli; it can result in physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms.

Question 3

Primary symptoms of anxiety disorders

Answer 3

fear

anxiety

Question 4

A normal emotional response to anxiety consists of three parts:

Answer 4

1. physiologic arousal,
2. cognitive processes, and
3. coping strategies

Question 5

Who experiences anxiety disorders most?

Answer 5

Women experience anxiety disorders more often
than men

Question 6

What are the levels of anxiety?

Answer 6

1. Mild
2. Moderate
3. Severe
4. Panic

Question 7

Level 1 of anxiety

Answer 7

Mild

Question 8

Level 2 of anxiety

Answer 8

Moderate

Question 9

Level 3 of anxiety

Answer 9

Severe

Question 10

Level 4 of anxiety

Answer 10

Panic

Question 11

Mild anxiety is characterized as

Answer 11

motivational

Question 12

Moderate anxiety

Answer 12

feeling something is definitely wrong;
nervousness/agitation; difficulty concentrating; able to be
redirected

Question 13

Severe anxiety

Answer 13

trouble thinking and reasoning; tightened
muscles; increased vital signs; restless, irritable, angry

Question 14

Panic anxiety

Answer 14

fight, flight, or freeze response; increased vital
signs; enlarged pupils; cognitive processes focusing on
defense

Learning is impossible.

Question 15

One of the most common conditions of children and teens

Answer 15

Anxiety disorders

Question 16

GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

Answer 16

patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) feel frustrated, disgusted with life, demoralized, and hopeless.

They experience a sense of ill-being and uneasiness and a fear of imminent disaster.

Question 17

Diagnostic criteria for GAD

Answer 17

GAD is characterized by excessive (and irrational) worry and anxiety (apprehensive expectation) for at least 6months.

Ultimately, excessive worry and anxiety cause great distress and interfere with the patient’s daily personal or social life.

Question 18

Symptoms of Anxiety Disorder include:

Answer 18

Muscle tension

Fatigued

Concentration problems

Restlessness

Irritability

Sleep disturbances

Question 19

Panic

Answer 19

Panic is a normal but extremely overwhelming form of anxiety, often experienced when an individual is placed in a real or perceived life-threatening situation.

Question 20

Panic Attacks

Answer 20

Panic attacks are characteristic of panic disorder.

A panic attack is a sudden, discrete period of intense fear or discomfort that reaches its peak within a few minutes and is accompanied by significant physical discomfort and cognitive distress

Question 21

Physical Symptoms of panic attacks

Answer 21

The physical symptoms include palpitations, chest discomfort, rapid pulse, nausea, dizziness, sweating, paresthesias (burning, tickling, pricking of skin with no apparent reason), trembling or shaking, and a feeling of suffocation or shortness of breath.

Question 22

Cognitive Symptoms of panic attacks

Answer 22

Cognitive symptoms include disorganized thinking, irrational fears, depersonalization and a decreased ability to communicate.
Usually, feelings of impending doom or death, fear of going crazy or losing control, and desperation ensue.

DIDD

Question 23

depersonalization

Answer 23

(being detached from oneself),

Question 24

People at increased risk of panic disorders are:

Answer 24

Increased risk is associated with being female, middle aged, of low socioeconomic status, and widowed, separated, or divorced

Question 25

Diagnostic Criteria for Panic disorder

Answer 25

At least one of the attacks has been followed by 1 month (or more) of one or both of the following: Persistent concern or worry about additional panic attacks or their consequences (e.g., losing control, having a heart attack, “going crazy”) A significant maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks (e.g., behaviors designed to avoid having panic attacks, such as avoidance of exercise or unfamiliar situations)

Question 26

What is the first priority when caring for a person with a panic disorder?

Answer 26

Suicide prevention

Question 27

Remembering that the patient experiencing a panic attack is in crisis, nurses can take several measures to help alleviate symptoms, including the following: five things

Answer 27

1. Stay with the patient and maintain a calm demeanor. (Anxiety often produces more anxiety, and a calm presence will help calm the patient.) 2. Reassure the patient that you will not leave, that this episode will pass, and that they are in a safe place. (The patient often fears dying and cannot see beyond the panic attack.) 3. Give clear concise directions using short sentences. Do not use medical jargon. 4. Walk or pace with the patient to an environment with minimal stimulation. (The patient in panic has excessive energy.) 5. Administer PRN (i.e., as-needed) anxiolytic medications as ordered and appropriate. (Pharmacotherapy is effective in treating those patients with acute panic attack.)

Question 28

Nursing Process for anxiety;

Answer 28

1. Assessment 2. Interventions

Question 29

Nursing assessment includes: 5 thing part a

Answer 29

1. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety 2. History 3. General appearance and motor behavior 4. Mood and affect (depersonalization, derealization) 5. Thought processes and content (disorganized thoughts, loss of rational thinking)

Question 30

Nursing assessment includes: 5 thing part b

Answer 30

6. Sensorium and intellectual processes (confusion, disorientation) 7. Judgment and insight 8. Self-concept (self-blaming, consumed with worry) 9. Roles and relationships (avoidance of others) 10. Physiological and self-care concerns (sleeping, eating)

Question 31

HAMILTON RATING SCALE FOR ANXIETY

Answer 31

Max Hamilton designed this scale to help clinicians gather information about anxiety states. The symptom inventory provides scaled information that classifies anxiety behavior and assists the clinician in targeting behaviors and achieving outcome measures.

Question 32

Nursing Interventions for anxiety

Answer 32

1. Promoting safety and comfort 2. Using therapeutic communication 3. Managing anxiety 4. Providing client and family education

Question 33

Specific phobia disorder:

Answer 33

Specific phobia disorder is marked by persistent fear of clearly discernible, circumscribed objects or situations, which often leads to avoidance behaviors.

Question 34

Agoraphobia

Answer 34

is fear or anxiety triggered by about two or more situations such as using public transportation, being in open spaces, being in enclosed places, standing in line, being in a crowd, or being outside of the home alone

Question 35

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

Answer 35

Social anxiety disorder involves a persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur.

Question 36

What is used to treat those with social anxiety disorder?

Answer 36

SSRIs are used to treat those with social anxiety disorder because they significantly reduce social anxiety and phobic avoidance.

Question 37

What is used to treat those with phobic anxiety

Answer 37

Benzodiazepines are also used to reduce anxiety caused by phobias. The treatment of choice for specific phobia is exposure therapy.

Question 38

What is recommended as the first drug option in the treatment of pts with panic disorder?

Answer 38

The SSRIs are recommended as the first drug option in the treatment of patients with panic disorder.

Question 39

Examples of SSRIs

Answer 39

Fluoxetine (Prozac) Sertraline (Zoloft) Paroxetine (Paxil) Paroxetine (controlled release) (Paxil CR)

Question 40

Example of SNRIs

Answer 40

Venlafaxine (extended release)

Question 41

Example of Benzodiazepines

Answer 41

Alprazolam (Xanax) Clonazepam (Klonopin) lorazepam (Ativan)

Question 42

Administering and Monitoring Benzodiazepines

Answer 42

Treatment may include administering benzodiazepines concurrently with antidepressants for the first 4 weeks and then tapering the benzodiazepine to a maintenance dose. This strategy provides rapid symptom relief but avoids the complications of long-term benzodiazepine use.