Anxiety i

Question 1

diagnosing anxiety

Answer 1

symptoms must be persistent. > 6 months. must interfere with normal functioning. it must cause significant distress. These apply to kids too, just with shorter durations.

Question 2

neurobiological factors in anxiety

Answer 2

decreased serotonin and GABA activity. Increased Norepi and glutamate activity!

Question 3

general anxiety disorder diagnostic criteria

Answer 3

excessive anxiety/worry occurring more days than not for greater than 6 months. difficult to control worry. 3 of following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance. must be multi focal!

Question 4

treatment of general anxiety

Answer 4

cognitive behavioral therapy or psychodynamic therapy. Can use antidepressants to increase 5-HT or NE or both, and downregulate/desensitize receptors. Buspirone initially lowers 5-HT activity then allows for increases in 5-HT output. Benzodiazepines are 2nd line therapy. Beta blockers are for relief of performance anxiety!

Question 5

panic attack diagnostic criteria

Answer 5

abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort, peaks within minutes and is unexpected. 4 or more of the following: palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, chills/heat, paresthesis, derealization, fear of losing control/dying

Question 6

panic disorder diagnostic criteria

Answer 6

recurrent panic attacks. greater than 1 attack followed by 1 month of 1 or more of the following: concern about additional panic attacks or consequences, significant maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks.

Question 7

agoraphobia diagnostic criteria

Answer 7

fear/anxiety about 2 or more of the following: using public transportation, being in open spaces, being in enclosed spaces, standing in line or in a crowd, being outside the home alone. fear of not being able to escape situation, situation always produces fear. avoids situations. greater than 6 months. causes significant impairment

Question 8

panic disorder treatment

Answer 8

cognitive behavioral therapy: systemic desensitization or flooding. psychodynamic therapy. Emergency treatment with benzodiazepines. long term: SSRI/SSRN. can use benzos but theyre addictive.

Question 9

specific phobia diagnostic criteria

Answer 9

greater than 6 months. causes significant impairment. marked fear/anxiety about a specific object/situation. object almost always provokes fear. actively avoids object/situation. fear/anxiety out of proportion to actual danger. no other explanation for symptoms

Question 10

social anxiety disorder diagnostic criteria

Answer 10

greater than 6 months. causes significant impairment. marked fear/anxiety when exposed to social situation with possible scrutiny by others. fear of acting certain ways. social situations provoke fear. avoids social situations.

Question 11

specific phobia treatment

Answer 11

therapy: flooding, systemic desensitization. psychodynamics. can use sedatives?

Question 12

social anxiety disorder treatment

Answer 12

CBT, assertiveness training, group therapy. SSRI/SNRI are first line. can use MAO. beta blockers ONLY FOR PERFORMANCE ANXIETY!