Anxiolytics and Sedatives Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Anxiolytics and Sedatives Deck (32)
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1
Q

Beta1 receptor increases ______ and ______

other effects include ______ and ______

A

increases heart rate and contractility

other effects is to increase lipolysis and renin secretion

2
Q

Beta2 receptor leads to

A

smooth muscle relaxation (lungs)

3
Q

which drug is a non-selective beta blocker and the best one to use for anxiety?

  • atenolol
  • metoprolol
  • propanolol
A

propanolol

4
Q

Buspirone

what are the side effects?
advantages?
disadvantages?

A

mechanism not known but it is a serotonin agonist

  • side effects: dizziness, nausea, headache
  • advantages: low cots and easy to use
  • disadvantages: onset of action
5
Q

antidepressents are involved in _________ modulation.

onset of action?

A

serotoning modulation

  • onset of action is slow with accompanying symptoms of anxiety. Takes about a month to see effects
6
Q

Sequence of events for GABA a receptor activation

A
  1. GABA a receptor site stimulation
  2. chloride enters channel
  3. hyperpolarizes cell
  4. CNS depression
7
Q

GABA a alpha1

A

sedation

8
Q

GABA a alpha2

A

anxiolysis

9
Q

GABA a alpha3

A

anxiolysis

10
Q

GABA a alpha5

A

ataxia

11
Q

Benzos are ______ facilitators

A

GABA

12
Q

Benzos lead to:

A
  • sedation
  • anti-anxiety activity
  • anticonvulsant activity
  • muscles relaxation (weakest effect)
13
Q

Benzo:

examples (2)

Dose

Main concerns

A
  • Diazepam and loraxepam
  • dose : filtrate until SE become intolerable
    1. memory/cognition(anterograde)
      1. motor functions
14
Q

benzo used for what type of withdrawal?

A

ALCOHOL

15
Q

benzo like drugs bind preferentially to

A

GABA alpha1 subtype

16
Q

do the benzo like drugs have a relatively quick onset and short duration?

A

yep

17
Q

benzo like drug example

A

zolpidem

18
Q

benzo have more an effect on the elderly or young? why?

A

elderly, because it is cleared by the liver and as we grow older the clearance is not so good

19
Q

overdose of benzo, what to give?

A

flumazenil because it has a high affinity for Benzo receptor

20
Q

N-acetylcysteine is used for _____ overdose

A

tylenol

21
Q

medication to combat against excess iron

A

deferoxamine

22
Q

med used for opioid overdoes

A

naloxone

23
Q

medication to combat against excess potassium

A

phytonadione

24
Q

MOA of barbituates

A

enhances GABA activity and leads more to a widespread CNS depression

25
Q

brabituates has low toxicity and low drug interactions

A

false, high toxicity at high doses and lots of drug interactions

26
Q

example of a barbituate

A

phenobarbital

27
Q

suvorexant is a ______

it is used for

A

orexin receptor antagonist

used for sedation

28
Q

Is suvorexant a schedule IV drug?

A

yea

29
Q

melatonin and ramelteon are used to

A

induce sleep

30
Q

Barbituates increase the ________ the channel is open.

A

length of time

31
Q

is used to treat sleep latency disorders because it has a short half-life and is relatively fast acting

A

Triazolam

32
Q

is more commonly used to help maintain sleep

A

Trazodone