AO1

Question 1

Semantic reclamation

Answer 1

Word with negative connotations is now used by the group it is used against, now with positive connotations, often slurs

Question 2

Amelioration

Answer 2

When a word/phrase develops positive connotations e.g. “sick”

Question 3

Pejoration

Answer 3

When a word develops negative connotations e.g. “mistress”

Question 4

Semantic bleaching

Answer 4

When a word loses impact or meaning due to overuse e.g. awesome

Question 5

Clipping

Answer 5

Shortened form of a word e.g. phone, gym

Question 6

Acronym

Answer 6

First letters of a word are used to create a new word, pronounce it as a single term e.g. NASA

Question 7

Initialism

Answer 7

First letters taken from a word are individually pronounced e.g. FBI

Question 8

Back formation

Answer 8

Verb is created from a noun by removing a suffix e.g. sculpt from sculptor

Question 9

Borrowing

Answer 9

Taking words from another language e.g. bungalow (Hindi)

Question 10

Compounding

Answer 10

Combining words together to form new words e.g. ice cream

Question 11

Blending

Answer 11

Combination of clipping and compounding e.g. brunch, smog

Question 12

Affixation

Answer 12

Adding Latin/Greek prefixes/suffixes to existing words e.g. Greek ‘hyper’ - hyperactive, hypersensitive

Question 13

Conversion

Answer 13

Word shifts from one word class to another, usually noun->verb e.g. text, google

Question 14

Scientific progress

Answer 14

Advances in medicine, science and technology cause new words and phrases to be coined e.g. chemotherapy