Aorta and Iliac Arteries Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the 3 anterior branches off the abdominal AO?
- Celiac axis - common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries
- SMA - supplies small and some of the large intestine
- IMA - supplies large intestine
What branches off the celiac trunk are known as “wings of a seagull” sign on ultrasound?
- Common hepatic artery
- Splenic artery
Off the abdominal aorta are the renal arteries, which one is longer and higher than the other?
Right is longer and higher compared to the LRA
What are the posterior branches off the abdominal aorta?
- Lumbar arteries - 4 pairs
- Median sacral arteries - just above the Ao bifurcation
What level vertebrae does the Ao bifurcate?
L4
What are the internal iliac arteries also called?
Hypogastric arteries - supplies the pelvic organs
What population are AAA’s usually found in?
Men
What is the most common location for an AAA?
BELOW the renal arteries
How do we record and measure an AAA on ultrasound?
- Measure AP length of the AAA outer-outer wall of the vessel in both TRV and SAG **when measuring in SAG, make sure to measure in the same plane as the aorta is lying, perpendicular to the vessel itself
- Measure the width in TRV
- Use colour to determine if thrombus is present
- Use spectral doppler at each level as measurements are taken
- Note on the tech sheet where the AAA is located in relation to the renal arteries
- If plaque is present, report if it is homogenous or heterogenous and if it has calcifications
What is the normal infrarenal aortic diameter?
<2cm
What is ectasia of the aorta?
Mild diffuse enlargement but usually less than 3cm
What measurement is considered a true aneurysm?
Greater than or equal to 3cm
What is the most common form of AAA?
Fusiform
What are the ectatic and aneurysmal measurements for a common iliac artery aneurysm?
Ectasia >1.5 cm
Aneurysmal >2cm
Are CIA aneurysms usually unilateral or bilateral?
BILATERAL
What are the two surgical treatments for AAA?
Graft repair - open surgery
EVAR - endovascular aortic aneurysm repair with a stent- done via catheter
For a patient who has a graft from an open surgical repair from an AAA, where will you measure on ultrasound of the diameter to make sure there is no pseudoaneurysm present?
Proximal and distal to the graft itself
What is AIOD?
Aortoiliac occlusive disease
What arteries will all be examined in AIOD?
- Aorta
- Internal iliacs
- External iliacs
Occlusive disease due to AIOD begins where?
Near the Ao bifurcation
What should be included in the report for an AIOD?
- Patency and velocities of aorta and iliacs
- With a stenotic area, need the PSV of stenosis / PSV proximal to stenosis to get a ratio
A doubling in velocity (>2) between the adjacent
segments (at the stenosis and proximal to stenosis) indicates what?
50-99% stenosis
What are the two surgical treatments for AIOD?
- Open surgery graft
- EVAR stent
With a stent placed in the artery from AIOD, what PSV in the stent indicates a >50% stenosis?
What EDV suggests a >80% stenosis
PSV indicating >50% stenosis = >300cm/s
EDV indicating >80% stenosis = >150cm/s
