AOS 1 #Ch1 Elements and the Periodic Table Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the atom mostly filled with?
The atom is mostly filled with empty space with a nucleus in its center.
What does the nucleus contain?
The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
Proton
Protons are positively charged subatomic particle that has a mass of 1 and is in the nucleus.
Neutrons
Neutrons are neutral without a charge and also are found in the nucleus with a mass of 1.
Electrons
Electrons are the negative subatomic particle the orbits the nucleus and has a smaller mass that the protons and electrons.
What are molecules?
Molecules are substances that consists of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.
What are compounds?
Compounds are substances that contain two or more elements, but not all compounds are molecules.
How is the atomic number defined?
The atomic number is defined by the number of protons in the nucleus. When an atom is neutrally charged, the atomic number is found using the number of electrons.
Mass Number
The mass number is defined by the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
How would you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?
The number of neutrons in an atom is defined by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.
What is and isotope?
An isotope is when atoms of the same element contain a different number of neutrons and therefor also mass number.
What is atomic emissions spectrum?
Is a spectrum emitted as distinct bands of light of diagnostic frequencies by elements and compounds
What is the ground state?
The ground state is the least excited state of an atom, where the electrons are occupying the lowest possible energy levels.
What is the excited state?
Raised to a higher than ground-state energy.
What is a photon?
A particle of light.
What are valance electrons?
Valance electrons are the electrons in the outer most shell of atoms
What is an ion?
Atoms that have lost or gained electrons and so has a charge
What is a cation?
Cations are a positively charged ion
