AOS 2 - The Brain

Question 1

Hindbrain

Answer 1

Includes Cerebellum, Pons and Medulla

Supports Vital bodily processes.

Question 2

Midbrain

Answer 2

Includes Reticular Formation and RAS (Reticular Activating system)

Orientates Movements

Question 3

Forebrain

Answer 3

Includes Hypothalamus, Thalamus and Cerebrum.

Regulates complex cognitive processes. i.e learning, memory, emotion and personality.

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

Coordinates smooth and precise voluntary muscle movements ​

Regulates posture and balance.​

Involved in learning and memory storage associated with movement​

Question 5

Pons

Answer 5

helps to transfer neural messages between various parts of the brain and the spinal cord​

involved in arousal, sleep, daydreaming, waking, breathing and coordination of some muscle movements and motor tone.

Question 6

Hypothalamus

Answer 6

influences behaviours associated with basic biological needs

Question 7

Thalamus

Answer 7

All sensory information (except smell) is processed and filtered through the thalamus

Question 8

RAS

Answer 8

regulates arousal by either increasing or dampening activity
influences what we pay attention to by ‘highlighting’ information of potential importance

Question 9

Reticular formation

Answer 9

screens incoming information

Question 9

Cerebrum

Answer 9

consists of the outer cerebral cortex and is responsible for almost everything we consciously think, feel and do

Question 10

Corpus collosum

Question 11

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 11

integration of sensory information​

control of precise voluntary motor movement​

higher mental functioning such as abstract thinking and reasoning.​

Question 12

Somatosensory (sensory area)

Question 13

Auditory (sensory area)

Question 14

Vision (sensory area)

Question 15

Motor Cortex

Answer 15

only one primary motor cortex located in the frontal lobe, sends information about various bodily movements​

Question 16

Frontal Lobe

Answer 16

Association Area – higher mental functioning​

Primary Motor Cortex – controls voluntary movement​

Broca’s Area (left frontal lobe) – speech production​

Question 17

Parietal lobe

Answer 17

Association Area – spatial ability​

Primary somatosensory cortex – receives and processes information from sensory receptors in the skin ​

Question 18

Occipital lobe

Question 19

Temporal lobe

Question 20

Association Area (Frontal Lobe)

Answer 20

involved in higher mental functions including thinking, organising and planning, abstract reasoning, judging and deciding.

​expression of emotional behaviour and with certain personality characteristics

Question 21

Primary motor cortex (frontal lobe)

Answer 21

Directs and controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Amount of motor cortex devoted to a body part is related to the precision of movement, not to the size of the body part

Question 22

Broca’s Area

Answer 22

areas that control the muscles of the face, tongue, jaw and throat in the left frontal lobe.

Production of clear and fluent speech and understanding of grammar.

Question 23

Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 23

damage to the brocas area, results in the inability to produce fluent speech but without disruption to comprehension of spoken or written language​

Question 24

Association area (parietal lobe)

Answer 24

Processes sensory information felt by your body as it moves this includes visual attention and spatial reasoning Damage to right parietal lobe can cause spatial neglect

Question 25

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 25

Amount of somatosensory devoted to a body part is related to the sensitivity of that body area, not to the size of the body part

Question 26

Association Area (Occipital Lobe)

Question 27

Primary visual cortex

Question 28

Association Area (temporal lobe)

Question 29

Primary Auditory Cortex

Question 30

Wernickes Area

Question 31

Wernickes Aphasia

Question 32

Hemispheric Specialisation

Question 33

Right hemisphere

Question 34

Left Hemisphere

Question 35

Chronic traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

Question 36

CTE Diagnosis and Treatment

Question 37

Medulla

Answer 37

controls automatic bodily functions that are essential for our survival such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

Question 38

convulsed

Question 39

damage to the medulla

Question 40

damage to the cerebellum