SAC - Brain

Question 1

Grey matter

Answer 1

Areas that are not heavily myelinated (thick fatty outside of axons) are known as GREY matter.​

Question 2

white matter

Answer 2

Areas of the brain that are heavily myelinated (thick, heavy fat outside of axons) are known as WHITE matter.

Question 3

Cerebral cortex

Answer 3

integration of sensory information​

control of precise voluntary motor movement​

higher mental functioning such as abstract thinking and reasoning.​

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

Coordinates smooth and precise voluntary muscle movements ​

Regulates posture and balance.​

Involved in learning and memory storage associated with movement​

Question 5

Medulla

Answer 5

controls automatic bodily functions that are essential for our survival such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

Question 6

Hindbrain

Answer 6

Includes Cerebellum, Pons and Medulla

Supports Vital bodily processes.

Question 7

Forebrain

Answer 7

Includes Hypothalamus, Thalamus and Cerebrum.

Regulates complex cognitive processes. i.e learning, memory, emotion and personality.

Question 8

Midbrain

Answer 8

Includes Reticular Formation (screens incoming information) and RAS (regulates arousal by either increasing or dampening activity)

Orientates Movements

Question 9

Hypothalamus

Answer 9

influences behaviours associated with basic biological needs

regulates the release of hormones from various glands in the body

Question 10

Thalamus

Answer 10

All sensory information (except smell) is processed and filtered through the thalamus

Question 11

Hemispheres

Answer 11

Left
- receives somatosensory information from the right side of the body​
- controls voluntary muscle movement in the right side of the body
- Verbal functions involving the use of language​
- Analytical functions are mental abilities involving logical reasoning, analysing, organising, and interpreting data ​

Right
- receives somatosensory information from the left side of the body​
- controls voluntary muscle movement in the opposite (left) side of the body.​
- Non-Verbal functions that do not require the use or recognition of language

Question 12

Brain Injury

Answer 12

refers to any brain damage that impairs, or interferes with normal functioning of the brain, either temporarily or permanently.

Sudden onset or insidious onset.

Question 13

Brain Plasticity

Answer 13

The way in which the brain changes due to experience, learning or damage.

New neural pathways can form and link up with existing pathways and existing pathways can interconnect with other pathways

Question 14

Damage to the medulla

Answer 14

no control over vital bodily functions

Question 15

Damage to the cerebellum

Answer 15

harder to control the body movements precisely, especially posture and balance