AP Glossary 2

Question 1

Definition of Foreshadowing

Answer 1

When an author gives hints about what will occur later in a story.

Question 2

Example of Foreshadowing

Answer 2

A writer says “Little did I know my decision to not show up would haunt me.”

Question 3

Impact of Foreshadowing

Answer 3

Foreshadowing can create suspense and build tension in a story.

Question 4

Definition of Genre

Answer 4

The major category that a literary work fits into.

Question 5

Definition of Gothic

Answer 5

Writing characterized by mystery, gloom, fear/ or death. It also refers to an architectural style of the middle ages.

Question 6

Example of Gothic

Answer 6

Ominous weather in the story

Question 7

Definition of imagery

Answer 7

Word(s) that create a picture in the reader’s mind. Often involves the 5 senses.

Question 8

Example of Imagery

Answer 8

The smell of freshly baked bread filled the air.

Question 9

Impact of imagery

Answer 9

Imagery can enhance the setting, meaning, and theme of the story.

Question 10

Definition of Invective

Answer 10

A long, emotionally violent, attack using strong, abusive language.

Question 11

Example of Invective

Answer 11

A politician attacking his opponent verbally in a campaign.

Question 12

Impact of Invective

Answer 12

To leave a harsh impact, used to undermine or discredit someone.

Question 13

Definition of Irony

Answer 13

When the opposite of what you expect to happen does.

Question 14

Definition of Verbal Irony

Answer 14

When you say something and mean the opposite/something different.

Question 15

Example of Verbal Irony

Answer 15

Someone trying to get you to run a faster mile but calls it a “walk in the park”.

Question 16

Impact of Verbal Irony

Answer 16

Verbal Irony can add humor, persuasion, and sarcasm.

Question 17

Definition of Dramatic Irony

Answer 17

When the audience knows something that the character doesn’t and would be surprised to find out.

Question 18

Example of Dramatic Irony

Answer 18

The audience knows who the killer is but the protagonist has no clue.

Question 19

Impact of Dramatic Irony

Answer 19

This adds anticipation, tension, but even a little bit of comedy.

Question 20

Definition of situational irony

Answer 20

Found in the plot of a book, story, or movie. Sometimes it makes you laugh because it’s funny how things turn out.

Question 21

Example of Situational Irony

Answer 21

Johnny spent two hours planning on sneaking into the theater just to find out he missed the movie, and kids were admitted free.

Question 22

Impact of Situational Irony

Answer 22

It creates surprise and makes the story more enhancing.

Question 23

Definition of Juxtaposition

Answer 23

Placing things side by side for the purposes of comparison. Authors often use juxtaposition of ideas or examples in order to make a point.

Question 24

Examples of Juxtaposition

Answer 24

Night and Day

Question 25

Impact of Juxtaposition

Answer 25

It creates contract and adds depth.

Question 26

Definition of mood

Answer 26

The atmosphere created by the literature and accomplished through word choice.

Question 27

Definition of motif

Answer 27

A recurring idea in a piece of literature.

Question 28

Example of a motif

Answer 28

“you never really understand another person until you consider things from his or her point of view” in To Kill a Mockingbird

Question 29

Impact of a motif

Answer 29

To help emphasize main ideas, and to enrich a story.

Question 30

Definition of Oxymoron

Answer 30

When apparently contradictory terms are grouped together and suggest a paradox.

Question 31

Example of an Oxymoron

Answer 31

"jumbo shrimp"

Question 32

Impact of an Oxymoron

Answer 32

Creates a dramatic effect and adds Irony.

Question 33

Definition of Pacing

Answer 33

The speed or tempo of an author's writing. They can use a variety of devices to change the pacing of their words.

Question 34

Example of Pacing

Answer 34

An author creating a fast-paced story to help move the plot along quicker.

Question 35

Impact of Pacing

Answer 35

Controls the speed at which the narrative unfolds.

Question 36

Definition of Paradox

Answer 36

A seemingly contradictory situation which is actually true.

Question 37

Example of a Paradox

Answer 37

" You can't get a job without experience, and you can't get experience without getting a job."

Question 38

Impact of a Paradox

Answer 38

Can add humor and provoke thought.

Question 39

Definition of Parallelism

Answer 39

Sentence construction which places equal grammatical constructions near each other, or repeats identical grammatical patterns.

Question 40

Example of Parallelism

Answer 40

"Cinderella swept the floor, dusted the mantle, and beat the rugs."

Question 41

Impact of Parallelism

Answer 41

It can add pacing, emphasis, and organization.

Question 42

Definition of Anaphora

Answer 42

Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row.

Question 43

Example of Anaphora

Answer 43

"I came, I saw, I conquered."

Question 44

Impact of Anaphora

Answer 44

Emphasizes key ideas and adding rhythm.

Question 45

Definition of Chiasmus

Answer 45

When the same words are used twice in a succession, but the second time, the order of the words is reversed.

Question 46

Example of Chiasmus

Answer 46

"fair is foul and foul is fair"

Question 47

Impact of Chiasmus

Answer 47

Makes the writing more memorable and can add rhythm.

Question 48

Definition of Antithesis

Answer 48

Two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses, or even ideas with parallel structure.

Question 49

Example of Antithesis

Answer 49

" It was the best of times it was the worst of times."

Question 50

Impact of Antithesis

Answer 50

Creates emphasis by juxtaposing ideas.

Question 51

Definition of Zuegma(Syllepsis)

Answer 51

When a single word governs or modifies two or more other words, and the meaning of the first word must change for each of the other words it governs or modifies.

Question 52

Example of Zuegma(Syllepsis)

Answer 52

"The butler killed the lights, and then the mistress."

Question 53

Impact of Zuegma(Syllepsis)

Answer 53

Adding emotion, creating tension, or surprising the reader.

Question 54

Definition of Parenthetical Idea

Answer 54

Parentheses are used to set off an idea from the rest of the sentence.

Question 55

Example of Parenthetical Idea

Answer 55

“In a short time (and the time is getting shorter by the gallon) America will be out of oil.”

Question 56

Impact of Parenthetical Idea

Answer 56

To add extra non-essential information, usually clarifying or providing further context.

Question 57

Definition of Parody

Answer 57

An exaggerated imitation of a serious work for humorous purposes. It borrows words or phrases from an original, and pokes fun at it, also being a form of an allusion.

Question 58

Example of a Parody

Answer 58

The Simpsons doing parody Shakespeare plays.

Question 59

Definition of Persona

Answer 59

The fictional mask or narrator that tells a story. (not to be confused with alter-ego)