AP Glossary 4

Question 1

Definition of Rhetoric

Answer 1

The art of effective communication

Question 2

Definition of Aristotle’s Rhetorical Triangle

Answer 2

The relationships in a piece of writing among the speaker/writer, exigence, audience, message, author’s purpose, appeals, tools and techniques, and context .

Question 3

Definition of rhetorical question

Answer 3

Question not asked for information but for effect.

Question 4

Example of rhetorical question

Answer 4

Are you finished interrupting me?’”

Question 5

Impact of rhetorical question

Answer 5

Forcing them to consider the question and implications.

Question 6

Definition of romanticism

Answer 6

Art or literature characterized by an idealistic, perhaps unrealistic view of people and the world, and an emphasis on nature.

Question 7

Example of romanticism

Answer 7

the publication Lyrical Ballads, by Wordsworth and Coleridge

Question 8

Definition of sarcasm

Answer 8

A generally bitter comment that is ironically or satirically worded.

Question 9

Example of sarcasm

Answer 9

“they are really on top of things” about a group who is very disorganized

Question 10

Impact of Sarcasm

Answer 10

Invokes humor and demonstrates cynicism

Question 11

Definition of Satire

Answer 11

A work that reveals a critical attitude toward some element of life to a humorous effect.

Question 12

Example of Satire

Answer 12

Catch-22

Question 13

Impact of Satire

Answer 13

Creates a deeper meaning.

Question 14

Definition of sentence

Answer 14

A sentence is group of words (including subject and verb) that expresses a complete thought.

Question 15

Definition of appositive

Answer 15

A word or group of words placed beside a noun or noun substitute to supplement its meaning.

Question 16

Example of appositive

Answer 16

“Bob, the lumber yard worker, spoke with Judy, an accountant from the city.”

Question 17

Impact of Appositive

Answer 17

Provides additional information and enhances clarity.

Question 18

Definition of Clause

Answer 18

A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.

Question 19

Definition of balanced sentence

Answer 19

A sentence in which two parallel elements are set off against each other like equal weights on a scale.

Question 20

Example of balanced sentence

Answer 20

“If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.”

Question 21

Impact of balanced sentence

Answer 21

Enhance clarity and emphasize connections.

Question 22

Definition of compound sentence

Answer 22

Contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses.

Question 23

Example of a compound sentence

Answer 23

The sun was shining brightly, but it was still quite cold outside.

Question 24

Definition of Complex sentence

Answer 24

Contains only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

Question 25

Example of Complex sentence

Answer 25

"Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk"

Question 26

Definition of Cumulative sentence

Answer 26

When the writer begins with an independent clause, then adds subordinate elements.

Question 27

Example of Cumulative sentence

Answer 27

“He doubted whether he could ever again appear before an audience, his confidence broken, his limbs shaking, his collar wet with perspiration.”

Question 28

Definition of periodic sentence

Answer 28

When the main idea is not completed until the end of the sentence.

Question 29

Example of periodic sentence

Answer 29

“His confidence broken, his limbs shaking, his collar wet with perspiration, he doubted whether he could ever again appear before an audience.”

Question 30

Definition of simple sentence

Answer 30

Contains only one independent clause.

Question 31

Example of simple sentence

Answer 31

The dog barks.

Question 32

Definition of declarative sentence

Answer 32

States an idea. It does not give a command or request, nor does it ask a question.

Question 33

Example of Declarative sentence

Answer 33

The ball is round.

Question 34

Definition of imperative sentence

Answer 34

Issues a command

Question 35

Example of imperative sentence

Answer 35

Kick the ball.

Question 36

Definition of interrogative sentence

Answer 36

Sentences incorporating interrogative pronouns (what, which, who, whom, and whose).

Question 37

Example of interrogative sentence

Answer 37

“To whom did you kick the ball?”

Question 38

Definition of Style

Answer 38

The choices in diction, tone, and syntax that a writer makes. Style may be conscious or unconscious.

Question 39

Definition of symbol

Answer 39

Anything that represents or stands for something else. Usually a symbol is something concrete such as an object, actions, character...that represents something more abstract.

Question 40

Example of symbol

Answer 40

The whale in Moby Dick

Question 41

Impact of Symbol

Answer 41

Adding depth and more complex meaning.

Question 42

Definition of syntax/sentence variety

Answer 42

Grammatical arrangement of words.

Question 43

Definition of theme

Answer 43

The central idea or message of a work.

Question 44

Example of theme

Answer 44

"love" in Romeo and Juliet

Question 45

Definition of thesis

Answer 45

The sentence or groups of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition.

Question 46

Example of thesis

Answer 46

"Recycling is essential for protecting the environment and conserving natural resources".

Question 47

Definition of tone

Answer 47

A writer's attitude toward his subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language and organization.

Question 48

Example of tone

Answer 48

Humorous or somber

Question 49

Impact of tone

Answer 49

How people perceive or interpret a message.

Question 50

Definition of understatement

Answer 50

The ironic minimizing of fact, understatement presents something as less significant than it is.

Question 51

Example of understatement

Answer 51

“Our defense played valiantly, and held the other team to merely eight touchdowns in the first quarter.”

Question 52

Impact of understatement

Answer 52

Adds humor to writing, or can add emphasis to an idea.