AP GOV MIDTERM Study Guide

Question 1

Solidary Incentives

Answer 1

The social rewards of joining an interest group.

-Sense of pleasure
-Status
-Companionship

Question 2

Free-Rider Problem

Answer 2

The tendency of individuals to avoid contributing to public goods

Example: All minorities benefit from the NAACP creating civil rights laws.

Question 3

Delegate Model of Representation

Answer 3

Congressional members relay the wishes of their constituents.

-They seldom use their judgment and knowledge.
-They have to represent the party of the state rather than stick to their own.

Question 4

Enumerated Powers

Answer 4

Powers of the federal government explicitly named in the Constitution.

Question 5

Coalition

Answer 5

An alliance of political groups pursuing a common goal.

-Formed with factions.

Question 6

Committee of the Whole

Answer 6

A committee in which all representatives serve to consider the details of a proposal.

Question 7

Discharge Petition

Answer 7

A petition signed by members of the House of Representatives to bring a bill out of the committee and onto the floor for a vote.

Question 8

Fillibuster

Answer 8

-Used by Senators to block a bill
-They continue to speak on the floor for as long as possible.

Question 9

Logrolling

Answer 9

When two legislators agree to trade votes for each other’s benefit.

Question 10

Why does Shaw V. Reno matter?

Answer 10

The court rules that racial redistricting must be held to a standard of STRICT scrutiny.

-No racial gerrymandering

Question 11

How many members can the house have at a given time?

Answer 11

435

Question 11

Which house has more formal debate due to its size?

Answer 11

The House

Question 12

How many Senators can each state have?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

Pork-Barrel Legislation

Answer 13

Laws or provisions that are created to specifically benefit one district.

Question 15

Politico

Answer 15

Trustee+Delegate

Question 16

Trustee

Answer 16

Trust in themselves to create and vote for policies by representing the people.

Question 17

Liberal

Question 18

Valence Issue

Answer 18

An issue most, if not all people can agree on.

Question 19

Natural Rights
-Who progressed these ideas?

Answer 19

Rights people possess by natural law apart from a government.

-Enlightenment thinkers

Question 20

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 20

By nature, the power to govern is in the hands of the people.

Question 21

Social Contract

Answer 21

In order to protect their natural rights, people willingly give some of that power to a government.

-If the government violate, the people can overthrow it

Question 22

Republicanism

Answer 22

People elect leaders to represent them in the public interest.

Question 23

Limited Government

Answer 23

Prevent tyranny through checks and balances and the distribution of power among several acting members.

Question 24

Pluralist

Answer 24

Groups of people associate with interest groups who compete to influence policy. -Interest Groups -Example: NAACP

Question 25

Elite

Answer 25

Emphasizes more limited participation in policymaking on the assumption that government is complicated and most educated people need to run it. Example: The electoral college

Question 26

Participatory

Answer 26

The broad participation in the political process by most, if not all members of society. -Town Halls -Small municipalities -Keeping representatives accountable

Question 27

Where is the pluralist democracy is the US constitution

Answer 27

The first amendment freedom of assembly

Question 28

Where is participatory democracy in the Constitution

Answer 28

-In the first amendment freedoms of speech and press.

Question 29

What was the main difference between Brutus 1 and Federalist 10?

Answer 29

-Brutus 1 advocated for a strong participatory model -They feared that a large republic would prevent people from acquiring their personal liberties -Federalist 10 -Argued that with competing factions, their personal liberties would be prioritized.

Question 30

What were three problems with the AOC?

Answer 30

-Only one branch of the federal government (Congress) -No president and no federal court -Congress had no power to raise revenue through taxes -Could not raise army

Question 31

What event most greatly led to the Articles of Confederation being rewritten?

Answer 31

Daniel Shay's Rebellion

Question 32

The Great Compromise

Question 33

Which branch interprets laws?

Answer 33

Judicial

Question 34

Article III of the Constitution establishes

Answer 34

The Judicial Branch

Question 35

What clause do we tend to derive enumerated powers from?

Answer 35

Necessary and Proper Clause

Question 36

What is the 2nd amendment?

Answer 36

The right to bear arms.

Question 37

Reserved Power

Question 38

Concurrent Powers

Question 39

Dual Cake Federalism

Question 40

Block Grants

Question 40

Cateogorical Grants

Question 52

What was James Madison concerned about in Federalist 10?

Answer 52

-Competing interests may prevail against one other