ap hug unit 1

Question 1

reference maps

Answer 1

maps that show where something is in space

purpose is to display geographical data (landforms) and political data (transportation networks)

Question 2

thematic maps

Answer 2

display spatial patterns and relationships between them

(like on chloropleth maps they show data about the weather)

Question 3

absolute distance

Answer 3

exact distance between two places or objects

measured in miles/kilometers

Question 4

relative distance

Answer 4

the approximate measurement between two places

about 23 hour drive to Texas from virginia

Question 5

absolute direction

Answer 5

exact direction a person is heading

compass says to go west

Question 6

relative direction

Answer 6

direction given in relation to another object’s current location

library is north of house, but west of school

Question 7

distance

Answer 7

amount of space between two objects, regions, or land masses

Question 8

direction

Answer 8

used to determine where things are in relation to others

Question 9

shape

Answer 9

external form or contours of an object

Question 10

area

Answer 10

specific region or space that can be defined by geographical boundaries

Question 11

GIS (geographic information system)

Answer 11

geographical data mapped in order to help make a decision for businesses, government or other people

Question 12

GPS (global positioning system)

Answer 12

uses remote sensing from satellite navigation systems to provide location and data

Question 13

how do businesses and organizations use geographic data for decision making purposes?

Answer 13

a business may analyze a map to choose where to locate their stores or advertisements

Question 14

how does the government use geographic data for decision making purposes?

Answer 14

the government can use maps to monitor changes to land use, infrastructure conditions, etc.

Question 15

absolute location

Answer 15

describing a point or place on the map using coordinates such as latitude and longitude

Question 16

relative location

Answer 16

the location of a place compared to a known place or geographic feature

chick fil a is 2 miles east of my neighborhood in fairfax

Question 17

space

Answer 17

the way in which objects are placed on earth’s surface that are defined by their location

separated by some degree of distance from other things

Question 18

place

Answer 18

specific point on earth with human and physical characteristics that distinguish it from other places

Question 19

flows

Answer 19

movements of people, resources, and culture

Question 20

distance decay

Answer 20

when the distance between two places increases, the interaction between them decreases

Question 21

time-space compression

Answer 21

the ability to move items from one place to another and the acceleration of that process (like new technology and communication)

Question 22

patterns

Answer 22

arrangement of objects on earth’s surface in relation to others

Question 23

environmental determinism

Answer 23

theory that the environment influences people and can cause social development

Question 24

environmental possibilism

Answer 24

theory that people can adjust or overcome an environment

Question 25

global scale

Answer 25

referring to all of earth

Question 26

regional scale

Answer 26

region or area that is larger than a community but smaller than the entire nation

Question 27

national scale

Answer 27

referring to an entire country

Question 28

local scale

Answer 28

referring to a town, city, or community

Question 29

what do scales of analysis reveal

Answer 29

patterns and processes at different scales reveal different interpretations and variations in data

Question 30

region

Answer 30

have one or more unifying characteristics (language, culture) have patterns of activity, activities that happen in a repeated way like going to work or grocery shopping

Question 31

formal region

Answer 31

areas of space that possess some homogeneous characteristic or uniformity ex: french-speaking region of canada

Question 32

functional region

Answer 32

areas that have a central place, or node, that is a focus or point of origin ex: metropolitan areas

Question 33

perceptual/vernacular region

Answer 33

area that people believe exist as part of their cultural identity ex: the east coast

Question 34

explain how regional boundaries are transitional and often are contested and overlapping

Answer 34

regional boundaries are places where those features or characteristics change they are transitional which causes them to be contested and overlapping because they move from one place to another spreading the same idea

Question 35

explain how geographers apply regional analysis at local, national, and global scales

Answer 35

they apply scales to understand different inter-relationships, like how regions affect each other.

Question 36

explain why geographers study relationships and patterns among and between places

Answer 36

to reveal important spatial patterns by understanding relationship and patterns they use the information to manage natural resource sustainability and to protect the planet as a whole

Question 37

explain how geographers use maps to help them discover patterns and relationships in the world

Answer 37

maps are very useful and present information about the world in a visual way geographers analyze the distribution of phenomena on maps to identify spatial patterns (clusters, disparities, etc.)

Question 38

explain how geographers use a spatial perspective to analyze complex issues and relationships

Answer 38

geographers use a spatial perspective by considering the location, distribution, and interactions they also consider the movement of people, goods, and ideas across space

Question 39

mercator projection

Answer 39

shapes are very accurate, it is a very common projection area and distance are least distorted out of all maps useful for true directions like navigation and sea travel

Question 40

robinson projection

Answer 40

the most common projection shapes near the poles are flat continents appear similar to the globe distance at the poles are incorrect an there are minor distortions overall

Question 41

cartography

Answer 41

the science of mapmaking

Question 42

ways to express scale

Answer 42

fractions/ratios and verballys

Question 43

large scale map

Answer 43

lots of detail, small area

Question 44

small scale map

Answer 44

not a lot of detail, large area

Question 45

time-space convergence

Answer 45

states the internet increases the interactions of many cultures increases the use of english as a global language with music and hollywood movies

Question 46

sequent occupance

Answer 46

the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place each contributes to the cumulative cultural landscape

Question 47

spatial diffusion

Answer 47

the spread of factors from place to place (cultural practices, people, ideas, etc.)

Question 48

relocation diffusion

Answer 48

occurs when a person migrates from their home and shares their culture with a new location

Question 49

expansion diffusion

Answer 49

when innovations spread to new places while staying strong in their original locations

Question 50

hierarchical diffusion

Answer 50

when a cultural trend is spread from one segment of society to another in pattern

Question 51

contagious diffusion

Answer 51

the process of an idea being spread rapidly throughout the population, affecting all places and individuals in the region

Question 52

stimulus diffusion

Answer 52

when cultural ideas originating from a culture are adapted and changed by other cultures while maintaining the basic principles of the original ideas