AP Unit 2/Textbook Unit 4 Exam (11/7) Flashcards
Political ideology
A set of beliefs about the desired goals and outcomes of a process of governance. May differ depending on what area of policy is being observed.
Political culture
The dominant set of beliefs, customs, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government.
Individualism
The belief that individuals should be responsible for themselves and for the decisions they make.
Free enterprise/Laissez-faire
An economic system in which government intrudes as little as possible in the economic transactions among citizens and businesses.
Rule of law
The principle that no one, including public officials, is above the law.
Political socialization
The experiences and factors that shape an individual’s political values, attitudes, and behaviors.
Generational effect
The impact of historical events experiences by a generation upon their political views.
Life-cycle effect
The impact of a person’s age and stage in life on his or her political views.
Globalization
The increasing interconnectedness of people, businesses, and countries throughout the world.
Outsourcing
When a company moves its business to a place where labor costs are cheaper or production is more efficient because workers work longer hours.
Race to the bottom
A metaphorical competition in which countries entice international businesses to relocate by lowering environmental and labor standards. Can increase employment and decrease quality of life.
Public opinion
The sum of individual attitudes about government, policies, and issues.
Focus group
A small group of individuals assembled for a conversation about specific issues.
Scientific poll
A representative poll of randomly selected respondents with a statistically significant sample size (1500+), using neutral language.
Sample
A group of individuals from a larger population used to measure public opinion.
Random selection
A method of choosing all poll respondents in a way that does not over or under represent any group of the population.
Representative sample
A sample that relects the demographics of the population.
Weighting
A procedure in which the survey is adjusted according to the demographics of the larger population.
Sampling error
The margin of error in a poll, which usually is calculated to plus or minus three percentage points.
Mass survey
A survey designed to measure the opinions of the population, usually consisting of 1500 responses.
Entrance survey
A poll conducted of people coming to an event.
Exit poll
A survey conducted outside a polling place in which individuals are asked who or what they just voted for any why.
Benchmark poll
A survey taken at the beginning of a political campaign in order to gauge support for a candidate and determine which issues are important to voters.
Tracking poll
A survey determining the level of support for a candidate or an issue throughout a campaign.
