A.P US HISTORY - website quiz review

Question 1

boss tweed

Answer 1

example of political corruption and political machine during the gilded age
leader of Tammany hall
became a dominant figure in new york politics, controlled elections the police and citiy services

Question 2

Pendleton act 1883

Answer 2

proved that the federal government be awarded on the basis of merit
employees be selected through competence exams

Question 3

vertical integration

Answer 3

companies became powerful enough to dominate every step of production
allowed companies to produce goods more cheaply and quickly

Question 4

horizontal integration

Answer 4

monopoly or trust (dominating certain production)
these corporations controlled american markets and politics
by dominating certain companies they eliminate competition and made more money

Question 5

laissez-faire

Answer 5

allow business to do what they want
trade freely, set up their own prices, determine workers wages and conditions

Question 6

social Darwinism

Answer 6

believed that government should not interfere with the survival of the fittest by helping the poor
used to justify economic inequality
mindset of many industrialist and political leaders

Question 7

Sherman anti-trust act

Answer 7

authorized by the federal government to break up any businesses that prohibited competition
act passed to help regulate corporations and limit them from becoming to powerful

Question 8

interstate commerce act 1887

Answer 8

making railroads subjected to federal regulation
first independent regulating agency under the US government

Question 9

spoil system

Answer 9

practice in which a political party after winning an election gives government jobs to their supporters

Question 10

the gospel of wealth

Answer 10

written by Andrew Carnegie
argued that wealthy Americans had the responsibility to spend their money in order to benefit the greater good

Question 11

Andrew Carnegie

Answer 11

gained a great fortune in the Steele industry
the gospel of wealth
gave away most of his money
(STEELE)

Question 12

J.P Morgan

Answer 12

one of the most powerful bankers
financed railroads and helped organize us steele

Question 13

john d Rockefeller

Answer 13

founder of the standard oil company

Question 14

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Answer 14

shipping and railroads
became one of the largest steamship operators
built another empire in the railroad industry

Question 15

Andrew Carnegie -
J.P Morgan -
John D Rockefeller -
Cornelius Vanderbilt -

Answer 15

• STEELE INDUSTRY
• BANKING
  *OIL
  *RAILROADS

Question 16

new immigrants came from

Answer 16

russia, poland, hungary, greece

Question 17

which immigrant had a harder time assimilating into american society

Answer 17

the new immigrant had a harder time because they did not speak english
did not intend to stay in the us/ didnt let go of thier culture

Question 18

knights of labor and the american federation of labor

Answer 18

advocated for many issues surrounding the middle class
declined after the hay market square riot

Question 19

the fair labor standards act

Answer 19

federal law passed in 1938 that established national wide standards for child labor and efficiently ended widespread child labor

Question 20

haymarket strike

Answer 20

violence broke out between union workers and non union workers
labor unions suffered because of this

Question 21

pacific railway act of 1862

Answer 21

authorized the construction of the first transcontinental railroad across the United States,

Question 22

Wabash vs. Illinois

Answer 22

supreme court limited the rights of state to control interstate commerce
in response to the Wabash case congress enacted the interstate commerce act of 1867
railroads were subjected to regulation

Question 23

the pullman strike

Answer 23

a nationwide railroad strike that took place in 1894, where workers at the Pullman Palace Car Company in Chicago went on strike to protest significant wage cuts and high rents in the company-owned housing, leading to a major conflict between labor and management during the Gilded Age and ultimately resulting in federal intervention to break up the strike

Question 24

the homestead act

Answer 24

settlers were entitled to acres of land as long as they took care of it
implemented to encourage settlers to move west

Question 25

populism

Answer 25

big business threatened small farmers Ocala demands: representatives of the farmers alliance met in flordia to propose political and economic reforms 1.) wanted to abolish national banks 2.) free silver 3.) federal regulation of railroads 4.) easier access to cheap credit these issues were the core of the populist party

Question 26

home of the grange

Answer 26

created to bring farmers together and improve farming methods grange movement called for railroad regulation illonios is the first tate to make regulations many followed after that

Question 27

munn vs illonios

Answer 27

grander law is upheld sets precedent for further regulation processes establishes that states had the power to regulate business

Question 28

granger laws

Answer 28

a series of state laws passed in the late 19th century that aimed to regulate the railroad industry and protect farmers from unfair practices like high freight rates

Question 29

1896 election

Answer 29

between William McKinley and William Jennings central issue of the election was the gold standard vs free silver significance: solidified the dominecne of the republican party for the next several decades

Question 30

Ellis island angel island

Answer 30

Americas largest and most active immigration station served as the main immigration facility on the west coast many immigrants from the Chinese exclusion act were detained there

Question 31

birds of passage

Answer 31

immigrants who came to the us for the economic opportunity and planned to return to thier country after saving

Question 32

the Chinese exclusion act of 1882

Answer 32

first restriction on free immigration in the us excluded Chinese laborers from the country didn't allow current Chinese laborers to be citizens

Question 33

urbanization

Answer 33

the process when a growing percentage of the population moves from rural areas to the cities tenement living: harsh living conditions, small apts, cramped, poorly lit, without plumbing, very prone to disease

Question 34

patronage

Answer 34

after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters, friends

Question 35

What was the significance of the 'Tweed Ring' in relation to Gilded Age politics?

Answer 35

It was a corrupt political organization that controlled New York City politics

Question 36

. How did Boss Tweed's Tammany Hall political machine primarily maintain its power in New York City?

Answer 36

by depending on the power of the Government contracts, jobs and corruption

Question 37

What was the primary impact of the Whiskey Ring scandal during President Grant's administration?

Answer 37

It exposed corruption in tax collection

Question 38

honest graft

Answer 38

practice of profiting personally from ones position of political power without breaking the law

Question 39

What was the significance of the 'Black Friday' gold scandal of 1869?

Answer 39

It exposed attempts to manipulate the gold market

Question 40

What role did 'muckraking' journalists play in exposing Gilded Age scandals?

Answer 40

They investigated and publicized social and political problems