APEA and BOARDS

Question 1

Assessment of the optic disc is a component of the evaluation of cranial nerve: I. II. III. .IV

Answer 1

Cranial II

Question 2

You examine a 62-year-old woman with a 20-year history of hypertension. She reports intermittent use of antihypertensive medications, stating, “I feel better without the medications.” Today she presents for a “check-up.”On physical examination, you note the following: PMI with a downward and lateral shift as well as a Gr II/VI holosystolic murmur with radiation to the axilla. This patient’s health history is most likely to include a report of: Syncopal episodes. Episodes of chest pain at rest. Dyspnea with exertion. Vertigo.

Answer 2

Ans: dyspnea on exertion

Question 3

Of the following, which should be performed first in assessing a 48-year-old woman who has a 25-year history of moderate persistent asthma and who now presents with an acute asthma flare? Oxygen saturation Arterial blood gas FEV1 (forced expiratory volume at 1 second) Chest x-ray

Answer 3

Ans: FEV (force expiratory volume)

Question 4

You are setting up a healthcare clinic for migrant farm workers. Which of the following sites is most desirable? Community hall of a local church Local hospital ambulatory care center Mobile van Space in a shopping center

Answer 4

Ans: Mobile van

Question 5

A 58-year-old woman presents for an initial examination in order to become a patient in your primary care practice. She is a nonsmoker, drinks 1 to 2, 5 oz (0.15 L) glasses of wine per week, and works as an administrative assistant in a law office. She is without complaint and reports that she is generally in good health. Physical exam reveals BMI=34 kg/m2 and BP=144/98 mm Hg bilaterally. The rest of her examination is unremarkable. Prescribe a low-dose thiazide diuretic. Arrange for additional blood pressure measurements within the next four weeks. Order a serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and urinalysis. Advise restricting sodium intake and limiting alcohol intake to no more than 1 glass of wine per week.

Answer 5

Ans: Arrange for additional blood pressure measurements within the next four weeks.

Question 6

The NP demonstrates fulfillment of the advanced practice nursing leadership role by participating in which of the following activities? Teaching a 56-year-old man with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus about the importance of self-glucose monitoring Volunteering to teach a class on contraceptive methods to a group of teen mothers Discussing barriers to achieving blood pressure control with a 65-year-old woman with hypertension who “does not want to take any medicine” Collaborating with the regional public health department on an initiative to combat obesity through a community-based exercise program

Answer 6

Ans: Collaborating with the regional public health department on an initiative to combat obesity through a community-based exercise program

Question 7

ARBS

Answer 7

Examples of angiotensin II receptor blockers include: Azilsartan (Edarbi) Candesartan (Atacand) Eprosartan Irbesartan (Avapro) Losartan (Cozaar) Olmesartan (Benicar) Telmisartan (Micardis) Valsartan (Diovan)

Question 8

Angiotensin II receptor blockers

Answer 8

Angiotensin II receptor blockers help relax your veins and arteries to lower your blood pressure and make it easier for your heart to pump blood. Angiotensin is a chemical in your body that narrows your blood vessels. This narrowing can increase your blood pressure and force your heart to work harder. Angiotensin II receptor blockers block the action of angiotensin II. As a result, the medication allows your veins and arteries to widen (dilate).

Question 9

What should be avoided in patients on ARBS

Answer 9

K+ SUPPLEMENTS(BECAUSE WORKS ON ANGIO-RENIN-ALDOST SYSTEM WHICH SPARES K+)

Question 10

TCA’S SHOULD NOT BE USED WHEN

Answer 10

IN ANYONE WITH CONDUCTION DEFECTS(CAUSES BRADYCARDIA) AND IS AN ANTICHOLERGIC EFFECT

Question 11

If over 30 years old, HPV and PAP are normal, when should the next screening be?

Answer 11

Every 5 Years

Question 12

After age 30, if only a PAP was performed and results are normal, when is the next screening?

Answer 12

3 Years

Question 13

What finger is not Affected by Carpal Tunnel syndrome?

Answer 13

Fifth finger (pinky) The thumb to the 4th finger can be affected.

Question 14

OA does not affect which joint?

Answer 14

Wrist It usually affects the fingers, hips, knees, and spine.

Question 15

WHAT CLASS ABX SHOULD BE STATED FOR UNCOMPLICATED PNEUMONIA IN HEALTHY PATIENTS WITH NO OTHER COMPLICATIONS

Answer 15

MACROLIDE (AZITHROMYCIN OR CLARAMYCIN)OR DOXYCYCLINE

Question 16

MACROLIDE

Answer 16

AZITHROMYCIN OR CLARAMYCIN

Question 17

Preauricular nodes drain from where?

Answer 17

Eyes

Question 18

rubella and measles rash

Answer 18

erythematous brick red maculopapular that states at back and neck then speeds to the extremities.

Question 19

Roseola

Answer 19

generalized maculopapular rash preceded by 3 days of high fever.

Question 20

Varicella

Answer 20

classic crops of eruptions on the trunk that spread to the face. The rash is maculopapular initially and then crusts.

Question 21

A decrease in blood pressure is commonly observed in pregnant women in their ______

Answer 21

2nd trimester

Question 22

Diabetic nephropathy

Answer 22

presence of diabetes and more than 300 mg/d of albuminuria on at least 2 occasions separated by 3-6 months.

Question 23

Romberg test

Answer 23

test equilibrium

Question 24

Syphilis is defines as

Answer 24

painless lesion but it presents as an ulceration with a hard edge and clean, yellow base.

Question 25

INR normal range

Answer 25

target 2.0-3.0

Question 26

Cholesterol normal range

Answer 26

Total Cholesterol <200

HDL 40 or higher Men; 50 or higher Female

LDL <100; below 70 if CAD present

Triglycerides <149; ideal <100

Question 28

one week after initiation of ACE inhibitor, which lab values should be checked?

Answer 28

Common practice is to monitor potassium, BUN, and Cr at about one week after initiation of an ACE inhibitor and with each increase in dosage.

Question 29

most common pathogen of atypical pneumonia

Answer 29

Mycoplasma is the most common pathogen. This organism causes “walking pneumonia” that is very prevalent in a young adult population

Question 30

An ACE inhibitor is specifically indicated in patients who have

Answer 30

HTN

diabetes with proteinuria

HF

Ace Inhibitors are also indicated who patient who have renal insufficiency

Question 31

In order to establish pregnancy, a pregnancy test of the urine or blood is routinely performed. How early can this be done with reliable results?

Answer 31

1-2 Weeks after conception

Question 32

Breastfeeding is considered

Answer 32

a negative risk factor for acute otitis media because it decreases the risk of otitis media.

Question 33

anemia of chronic disease

Answer 33

normocytic, normochromic anemia.

Question 34

what WBC is predominate in a viral infection.

Answer 34

This is usually characterized by a predominance of lymphocytes. common in mono

Question 35

Eosinophilia

Answer 35

is typical in parasitic infections and allergic reactions

Question 36

Leukocytosis I

Answer 36

predominance of white cells