API 570 DEFINITIONS Flashcards
Is the result of cyclic stresses caused by variations in temperature. Damage is in the form of cracking that may occur anywhere in the metallic component where relative movement or differential expansion is constrained, particularly under repeated thermal cycling.
Thermal fatigue
4.2.9
a sudden rapid fracture under stress (residual or applied) where the material exhibits little or no evidence of ductility or plastic deformation formation
Brittle fracture
4.2.7
A) Is there accelerated mechanical removal of surface material as a result of relative movement between, impact from solids, liquids, vapor or any combination thereof.
B) Is a description for the damage that occurs when corrosion contributes to erosion by removing protective films or scales, or by exposing the metal surface to further corrosion under the combined action of erosion and corrosion
Erosion/ Erosion- corrosion
4.2.14.1
A) ? cracking is a mechanical form Degradation that occurs when a component is exposed to cyclic stresses For an extended period, Often resulting in sudden, Unexpected failure.
B) These stresses can arise from either mechanical loading or thermal cycling And are typically well below the yield strength of the material.
Mechanical Fatigue
4.2.16
A form of mechanical fatigue in which cracks are produced as the result of dynamic loading due to vibration, waterhammer, or unsuitable fluid flow
Vibration-induced fatigue
4.2.17
A form of corrosion that can occur at a junction of the dissimilar metals when they are joined together in a suitable electrolyte, at such as a moist or Aqueous environment, or soils containing moisture.
Galvanic corrosion
4.3.1
form of corrosion that occurs when moisture associated with atmospheric conditions. Marine environments and moist polluted and industrial environments with airborne contaminants that are most severe. Dry rural environments cause very little corrosion.
Atmospheric corrosion
4.3.2
Corrosion piping, pressure vessels and structural components resulting from water trapped under insulation or fireproofing…
Corrosion under insulation (CUI)
4.3.3
General corrosion and pitting in a boiler system and condensate return piping…
Boiler water condensate corrosion
4.3.5
A) Sulfur and chlorine species and fuel will form sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride within the combustion products.
B) at low temperatures, these gases and water vapor in the flue gas will condense to form sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid which can lead to severe corrosion….
Flue-gas Due-point corrosion
4.3.7
A form corrosion caused by living organisms such as bacteria, algae or fungi. It is often associated with the presence of tubercles or slimy organic substances…
Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC)
4.3.8
The deterioration of metals exposed to soils is referred to as soil corrosion…
Soil Corrosion
4.3.9
Corrosion of carbon steel and other alloys resulting from their reaction with sulfur compounds in high-temperature environments. The presence of hydrogen accelerates corrosion. This mechanisms is also known as sulfidic corrosion….
Sulfidation
4.4.2
Surface initiated cracks caused by environmental cracking of 300 series SS And some medical base alloys under the combined action of tensile stress, Temperature and Aqueous chloride environment. The presence of dissolved oxygen increases Propensity of cracking….
Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking. (CISCC)
4.5.1
Caustic Embrittlement is a form of stress corrosion cracking Characterized by surface - initiated cracks that occur in piping And equipment exposed to caustic, Primary adjacent to non-PWHT’d welds…
Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement)
4.5.3
