APICS Deck 5 OO Flashcards
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order backlog
Syn: backlog, past due order.O
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work package
In project management, a deliverable at the bottom of a work breakdown structure. This may be treated as a subproject to be assigned to a project manager to plan and execute, in which case this manager will define new activities.W
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technology transfer
The transmission of technology (e.g., knowledge, skills, software, hardware) from one country, organization, business, or entity to another country, organization, business, or entity.T
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end-user computing
Use of computer resources by non-information-system personnel to enter, retrieve, manipulate, or print data.E
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SEC
Abbreviation for the Securities and Exchange Commission (U.S.).S
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predictable maintenance
Syn: predictive maintenance.P
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description by market grade/industry standard
A method to identify a product or service required when there is a high level of understanding between user and supplier.D
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days outstanding
A term used to imply the amount of an asset or liability measured in days of sales. For example, accounts payable days are the typical number of days that a firm delays payments of invoices to its suppliers.D
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risk category
A cluster of risk causes with a label such as external, environmental, technical, or organizational.R
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body of knowledge
The knowledge in a given area that a person is expected to understand to be certified as a practitioner.B
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indicator
An index of business activities.I
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control limit
A statistically determined line on a control chart (upper control limit or lower control limit). If a value occurs outside of this limit, the process is deemed to be out of control.C
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seller’s market
A market condition in which goods cannot easily be secured (purchased) and when the economic forces of business tend to cause goods to be priced at the supplier’s estimate of value.S
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logistics system
The planning and coordination of the physical movement aspects of a firm’s operations such that a flow of raw materials, parts, and finished goods is achieved in a manner that minimizes total costs for the levels of service desired.L L
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off-grade
A product whose physical or chemical properties fall outside the acceptable ranges.O
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perceived quality
One of the eight dimensions of quality that refers to a subjective assessment of a product’s quality based on criteria defined by the observer.P
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contactless
Using radio frequency identification or similar technologies to record data about an item electronically without physical contact with the item.C
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process capability
Refers to the ability of the process to produce parts that conform to (engineering) specifications. Process capability relates to the inherent variability of a process that is in a state of statistical control. See: Cp, Cpk, process capability analysis.P
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run-out list
1) A list of items to be scheduled into production in sequence by the dates at which the present available stock is expected to be exhausted. 2) A statement of ingredients required to use up an available S resource (e.g., how much “a” resource is required to consume 300 pounds of “x”).R
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functional manager
A manager responsible for a specialized department, such as accounting or engineering.F
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P:D ratio
A ratio where P is the manufacturing lead time and D is the customer required delivery time. If the P:D ratio exceeds 1.00, either a customer’s order will be delayed or production will start as the result of a forecast (make-to-stock) or an anticipated customer order (make-to-order).P
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B2B
Abbreviation for business-to-business commerce.B
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specification
A clear, complete, and accurate statement of the technical requirements of a material, an item, or a service, and of the procedure to determine if the requirements are met.S
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RAM
Abbreviation for responsibility assignment matrix.R
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accreditation
Certification by a recognized body of the facilities, capability, objectivity, competence, and integrity of an agency, service, operational group, or individual to provide the specific service or operation needed. For example, the Registrar Accreditation Board accredits those organizations that register companies to the ISO 9000 Series Standards.A
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just in time (JIT)
A philosophy of manufacturing based on planned elimination of all waste and on continuous improvement of productivity. It encompasses the successful execution of all manufacturing activities required to produce a final product, from design engineering to delivery, and includes all stages of conversion from raw material onward. The primary elements of just in time are to have only the required inventory when needed; to improve quality to zero defects; to reduce lead times by reducing setup times, queue lengths, and lot sizes; to incrementally revise the operations themselves; and to accomplish these activities at minimum cost. In the broad sense, it applies to
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vendor-managed inventory (VMI)
A means of optimizing supply chain performance in which the supplier has access to the customer’s inventory data and is responsible for maintaining the inventory level required by the customer. This activity is accomplished by a process in which resupply is done by the vendor through regularly scheduled reviews of the on-site inventory. The on-site inventory is counted, damaged or outdated goods are removed, and the inventory is restocked to predefined V levels. The vendor obtains a receipt for the restocked inventory and accordingly invoices the customer. See: continuous replenishment.V
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centralized computer network
A network in which there is one computer (or possibly more) linked to all others in a given enterprise.C
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bin
1) A storage device designed to hold small discrete parts. 2) A shelving unit with physical dividers separating the storage locations.B
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contribution margin pricing
A method of setting prices based on the contribution margin. It provides a ceiling and a floor between which the price setter operates.
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cost, insurance, freight (CIF)
A freight term indicating that the seller is responsible for cost, the marine insurance, and the freight charges on an ocean shipment of goods.C
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serial number
A unique number assigned for identification to a single piece that will never be repeated for similar pieces. Serial numbers are usually applied by the manufacturer but can be applied at other points, including by the distributor or wholesaler.S
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economic infrastructure
A nation’s networks for supporting commerce, including transportation, communications, and finance.E
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backflush costing
The application of costs based on the output of a process. Backflush costing is usually associated with repetitive manufacturing environments.B
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KPI
Abbreviation for key performance indicator.K L
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units-of-production depreciation
A method of depreciation whereby the amount to be recovered (written off as a period expense) is calculated based on estimated life of the equipment in units to be produced over the life and the number of units produced in a given time period. See: depreciation.U
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reverse engineering
The process of disassembling, evaluating, and redesigning a competitor’s product for the purpose of manufacturing a product with similar characteristics without violating any of the competitor’s proprietary manufacturing technologies.R
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XML
Abbreviation for extensible markup language.X Y
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common material
Readily available items used in industry that require no special handling.C
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business unit
A division or segment of an organization generally treated as a separate profit-and-loss center.B
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purchase consolidation
The pooling of purchasing requirements by multiple areas in a company, or even across companies.P
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data transfer
The movement by electronic means of data from one location to another. The data can take the form of voice, text, image, or others. The movement is accomplished by communication links between computers and a variety of input/output devices.D
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automatic rescheduling
Rescheduling done by the computer to automatically change due dates on scheduled receipts when it detects that due dates and need dates are out of phase. Ant: manual rescheduling.A
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shop traveler
Syn: traveler.S
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obligated material
Syn: reserved material.O
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block stacking
A storage method in which pallets, cases, or cartons are stacked upwards from the floor to whatever practical height is available without the use of shelves.B
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schedule control
Control of a plant floor by schedules rather than by job orders (called order control). Schedules are derived by taking requirements over a period of time and dividing by the number of workdays allowed to run the parts or assemblies. Production completed is compared with the schedule to provide control. This type of control is most frequently used in repetitive and process manufacturing.S
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slack time rule
A dispatching rule that directs the sequencing of jobs based on slack time. Slack time is equal to (days left until due date × hrs/day) minus standard hours of work left on this specific job; for example, (5 × 8) – 12 = 28 hours of slack. The lower the amount of slack time, the higher the priority in sequencing of jobs.S
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purchase requisition
An authorization to the purchasing department to purchase specified materials in specified quantities within a specified time. See: parts requisition.P
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technical components
Parts that are difficult to make, have long lead times, and require expert knowledge to produce. They are parts that are produced by only a few suppliers because of these characteristics. Tooling to produce these products usually is owned by the customer to avoid proprietary or patent issues.T
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probable scheduling
A variant of scheduling that considers slack time to increase or decrease the calculated lead time of an order. Interoperation and administrative lead time components are expanded or compressed by a uniform “stretching factor” until no difference exists between the schedule of operations obtained by forward and backward scheduling. See: lead time scheduling.P
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integrated resource management (IRM)
Syn: resource management.I
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EAC
Abbreviation for estimate at completion.E
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scrap rate
Syn: scrap factor.S
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lading
The cargo being transported by a vehicle.L
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clicks and mortar
Refers to a brick and mortar company that also has succeeded in making online sales. Ant: bricks and mortar.C
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foreign freight forwarder
An entity that picks up goods at the production site and coordinates transport to the foreign customer’s location.F
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uniform product code
A retail product numbering and bar coding system that identifies the item and the manufacturer. U
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requirements definitions
Specifying the inputs, files, processing, and outputs for a new system, but without expressing computer alternatives and technical details.R
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point-of-use storage
Keeping inventory in specified locations on a plant floor near the operation where it is to be used.P
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customer service representative (CSR)
Personnel assigned to customer relations who answer customer questions and who provide technical support.C
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point-of-use inventory
Inventory placed in the production process near where it is used. See: dock-to-stock inventory.P P
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cycle time
1) In industrial engineering, the time between completion of two discrete units of production. For example, the cycle time of motors assembled at a rate of 120 per hour would be 30 seconds. 2) In materials management, it refers to the length of time from when material enters a production facility until it exits. Syn: throughput time.C
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deficiency
Failure to meet quality standards.D
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military standards
Product standards and specifications for military or defense contractors, units, suppliers, and so forth. These standards sometimes become de facto standards within the civilian community.M
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work measurement
Estimating how long it takes for an employee to produce one unit of output.W
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cost-benefit ratio
A ratio of total measurable benefits to the initial capital cost. This might be used in deciding which projects to pursue in a continuous improvement effort.C
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cybermarketing
Any type of internet-based promotion. Many marketing managers use the term to refer to any type of computer-based marketing.C D
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green manufacturing
A method of producing a good or service that minimizes external cost and pollution. It includes design for reuse, design for disassembly, and design for remanufacture. See: environmentally responsible business.G
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automated information system (AIS)
Computer hardware and software configured to automate calculating, computing, sequencing, storing, retrieving, displaying, communicating, or otherwise manipulating data and textual material to provide information.A
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T&M
Abbreviation for time and materials.T
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warrant of merchantability
An implied warranty that goods are fit for the use to which they are generally applied.W
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acid test
Syn: quick asset ratio.A
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service rate
In queuing theory, the rate at which arrivals are processed through the production or service system, in arrivals per unit of time. See: queuing theory.S
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inventory pooling
The act of holding inventory in a single location instead of multiple locations.I
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multiple sourcing
Syn: multisourcing. See: dual sourcing.M
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CSCMP
Abbreviation for Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals.C
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multiskilled
Individuals who are capable of carrying out a variety of tasks.M N
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supplier base
The group of suppliers from which a firm acquires goods and services. Syn: supply base.S
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inventory adjustment
A change made to an inventory record to correct the balance, to bring it in line with actual physical inventory balances. The adjustment either increases or decreases the item record on-hand balance.I
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ceteris paribus
Latin for all other things being the same.C
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acceptable outgoing quality level (AOQL)
A demarcation between the level of defects in a lot at which the lot will be accepted or rejected.A
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operation description
The details or description of an activity or operation to be performed. The operation description is normally contained in the routing document and could include setup instructions, operating instructions (feeds, speeds, heats, pressure, etc.), and required product specifications or tolerances.O
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optical scanning
A technique for machine recognition of characters by their images.O
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maximum allowable cost
In service organizations, the limit of reimbursement allowed by an agency for the cost of a supply item.M
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repair factor
The percentage of time on average that an item must be repaired for return to a serviceable condition. The repair factor is also expressed as a percentage applied to the quantity per assembly on the bill of material. It is useful for forecasting materials and capacity requirements for planning purposes. Syn: frequency of repair. See: occurrence factor, replacement factor.R
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retrofit
An item that replaces components originally installed on equipment; a modification to in-service equipment.R
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replenishment interval
Syn: replenishment period.R
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analytic workplace design
A design based on established biomechanical and behavioral concepts, including the known operating characteristics of people. Produces a workplace situation well within the range of human capacity and does not generally require modification, improvement, or preliminary experimental “mock-up.”A
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R&D
Abbreviation for research and development.R
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plant rate
The total value added by a plant divided by the total direct labor hours in particular time period. This percentage allows the scheduling at the rough cut and capacity requirements level of the plan.P
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materials requisition
1) An authorization that identifies the items and quantities to be withdrawn from inventory. 2) An authorization that identifies the items and quantities to be included in a purchase order. Syn: production materials requisition.M
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base stock system
A method of inventory control that includes, as special cases, most of the systems in practice. In this system, when an order is received for any item, it is used as a picking ticket, and duplicate copies, called replenishment orders, are sent back to all stages of production to initiate replenishment of stocks. Positive or negative orders, called base stock orders, are also used from time to time to adjust the level of the base stock of each item. In actual practice, replenishment orders are usually accumulated when they are issued and are released at regular intervals.B
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methods analysis
That part of methods engineering normally involving an examination and analysis of an operation or a work cycle broken down into its constituent parts to improve the operation, eliminate unnecessary steps, and/or establish and record in detail a proposed method of performance.M
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direct truck shipment
Shipment made without any additional stops, such as for loading or changing trucks.D
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alternate work center
The work center where an operation is not normally performed but can be performed. Ant: primary work center.A
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channel partners
Suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers who form a supply chain to make and distribute a set of products.C
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seven categories of waste: (1) overproduction
excess
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manufacturing instruction
A set of detailed instructions for carrying out a manufacturing process. It is usually referenced by the routing and thus can simplify the content of the routing.M
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licensing
Paying a fee for permission to manufacture and sell a product created by another.L
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turnover
1) Syn: inventory turnover. 2) In the United Kingdom and certain other countries, annual sales volume.T
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inventory turnover
The number of times that an inventory cycles, or “turns over,” during the year. A frequently used method to compute inventory turnover is to divide the average inventory level into the annual cost of sales. For example, an average inventory of $3 million divided into an annual cost of sales of $21 million means that inventory turned over seven times. Syn: inventory turns, turnover. See: inventory velocity.I
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Taguchi methodology
A concept of off-line quality control methods conducted at the product and process design stages in the product development cycle. This concept, expressed by Genichi Taguchi, encompasses three phases of product design: system design, parameter design, and tolerance design. The goal is to reduce quality loss by reducing the variability of the product’s characteristics during the parameter phase of product development. Syn: Taguchi methods.T
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certification audits
Audits occurring within registration processes (e.g., for ISO 9000:2000).C Certified Fellow in Production and Inventory
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scheduled load
The standard hours of work required by scheduled receipts (i.e., open production orders).S
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warehouse
A place to receive, store, and ship materials.W
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center-of-gravity approach
A methodology for locating distribution centers at approximately the location representing the minimum transportation costs between the plants, the distribution centers, and the markets.C
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decoupling points
The locations in the product structure or distribution network where inventory is placed to create independence between processes or entities. Selection of decoupling points is a strategic decision that determines customer lead times and inventory investment. See: control points.D
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industrial buyers
Buyers who purchase materials mainly for conversion.I
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logistics data interchange (LDI)
The electronic transmission of logistics information via computer systems.L
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current start date
In project management, the present estimate of an activity’s start date.C
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planned order
A suggested order quantity, release date, and due date created by the planning system’s logic when it encounters net requirements in processing MRP. In some cases, it can also be created by a master scheduling module. Planned orders are created by the computer, exist only within the computer, and may be changed or deleted by the computer during subsequent processing if conditions change. Planned orders at one level will be exploded into gross requirements for components at the next level. Planned orders, along with released orders, serve as input to capacity requirements planning to show the total capacity requirements by work center in future time periods. See: planning time fence.P
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forecast management
The process of making, checking, correcting, and using forecasts. It also includes determination of the forecast horizon.F forecast mean absolute percentage of error (FMAPE) The absolute error divided by actual demand for “n” periods. Where absolute error is the variation between the actual demand and the forecast for the period expressed as a positive value (without regard for sign).F
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backsourcing
Company processes that, previously handled externally, have been reassigned internally.B
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move card
In a just-in-time context, a card or other signal indicating that a specific number of units of a particular item are to be taken from a source (usually an outbound stockpoint) and taken to a point of use (usually an inbound stockpoint). It authorizes the movement of one part number between a single pair of work centers. The card circulates between the outbound stockpoint of the supplying work center and the inbound stockpoint of the using work center. Syn: move signal. See: kanban.M
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ethical standards
A set of guidelines for proper conduct by business professionals. For example, the ISM (formerly NAPM) provides a set of principles and standards for the proper conduct of purchasing activities.E
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first-mover advantage
The phenomenon of market leadership being gained through market innovation.F
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control
Comparing actual to planned performance and taking corrective action, as needed, to align performance with plan.C
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inventory costs
Costs associated with ordering and holding inventory. See: carrying costs, ordering cost.I
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interplant transfer
The shipment of a part or product by one plant to another plant or division within the corporation. See: interplant demand, transfer pricing.I
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lot splitting
Dividing a lot into two or more sublots and simultaneously processing each sublot on identical (or very similar) facilities as separate lots, usually to compress lead time or to expedite a small quantity. Syn: operation splitting.L M
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retainage
A percentage of a contract value that is withheld pending project completion and approval.R
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attractor
In information systems, a website that, over time, continues to attract a large number of visitors.A
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price
One of the four Ps (product, price, place, and promotion) that constitute the set of tools used to direct the business offering to the customer. Price is the amount charged for the product offering. The price set must take into account competition, substitute products, and internal business costs to return a desirable product margin. See: four Ps.P
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business-to-consumer sales (B2C)
Business being conducted between businesses and final consumers largely over the internet. It includes traditional brick and mortar businesses that also offer products online and businesses that trade exclusively electronically.B
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direct sales
Sales from the manufacturer to the ultimate consumer without going through a distributor or retailer.D
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intermodal transport
1) Shipments moved by different types of equipment combining the best features of each mode. 2) The use of two or more different carrier modes in the through movement of a shipment.I
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mixed-model production
Making several different parts or products in varying lot sizes so that a factory produces close to the same mix of products that will be sold that day. The mixed-model schedule governs the making and the delivery of component parts, including those provided by outside suppliers. The goal is to build every model every day, according to daily demand.M
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scientific management
Managing a production system using scientific principles. Usually refers to the principles established by Frederick Taylor.S
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marginal pricing
Pricing products at a markup over the marginal cost of producing the next item. Marginal costs generally include the variable cost of producing and selling an additional item.M
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green belt
A manager or team member who has been trained in six sigma improvement methods and will have full-time responsibilities for process and quality improvement.G
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project duration
The elapsed duration from project start date through project finish date.P
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relationship map
A graphic map of the relationship between the business functions. It shows the inputs and outputs flow across functions. It is useful to show how processes are currently performed, disconnections in processes, and proposed processes. Relationship maps show the products and services of a given unit, how work flows through organizational boundaries, and the relationships between functions represented by boxes in the map.R
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days of supply
Inventory-on-hand metric converted from units to how long the units will last. For example, if there are 2,000 units on hand and the company is using 200 per day, than there are 10 days of supply.D
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for loss
either money, property, or human life.C
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critical chain method
In the theory of constraints, a network planning technique for the analysis of a project’s completion time, used for planning and controlling project activities. The critical chain, which determines project duration, is based on technological and resource constraints. Strategic buffering of paths and resources is used to increase project completion success. See: critical chain, critical path method.C
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national stock number (NSN)
The individual identification number assigned to an item to permit inventory management in the U.S. supply system.N
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strategic mission
A statement of the future business scope of an enterprise. The statement incorporates what is being satisfied (customer needs), who is being satisfied (customer groups), and how the company creates value for the customer (processes, technologies, and core competencies).S
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early start date (ES)
In the critical path method of project management, the earliest time at which a given activity is estimated to begin. This date can change as the project is executed.E
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matrix diagram
A graphical technique used to analyze the relationship between two related groups of ideas.M
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store
A storage point located upstream of a work station intended to make it easier to see customer requirements.S
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wave picking
A method of selecting and sequencing picking lists to minimize the waiting time of the delivered material. Shipping orders may be picked in waves combined by common carrier or destination, and manufacturing orders in waves related to work centers.W
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fluctuation inventory
Inventory that is carried as a cushion to protect against forecast error. Syn: fluctuation stock. See: inventory buffer.F
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smoothing models
Another name for forecasting models that utilize moving averages. The forecast is “smoothed” in the sense that averages have less variability than individual periods.S
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MAP
Acronym for manufacturing automation protocol.M
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reorder cycle
Syn: replenishment lead time.R
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available capacity
Syn: capacity available.A
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co-destiny
The evolution of a supply chain from intraorganizational management to interorganizational management.C
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composite lead time
Syn: cumulative lead time.C
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cargo
A product shipped in an aircraft, railroad car, ship, barge, or truck.C
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actual duration
The difference between the actual start date of a project activity and the current date (if the activity is still in progress) or the difference between the actual start date of a project activity and the actual completion date (if the activity is completed).A
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hard copy
A printed report, message, or special listing.H
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goodwill
An intangible item that is only recorded on a company’s books as the result of a purchase. Generally, it is inseparable from the enterprise but makes the company more valuable, for example, a good reputation.G
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first-come-first-served rule
A dispatching rule under which the jobs are sequenced by their arrival times. See: first-in, first-out.F
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operation chart
Syn: routing.O
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human factors engineering
A merging of those branches of engineering and the behavioral sciences that concern themselves principally with the human component in the design and operation of humanmachine systems. Human factors engineering is based on a fundamental knowledge and study of human physical and mental abilities and emotional characteristics.H
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lot number
A unique identification assigned to a homogeneous quantity of material. Syn: batch number, mix number.L
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predictive maintenance
A type of preventive maintenance based on nondestructive testing and statistical analysis, used to predict when required maintenance should be scheduled. Syn: predictable maintenance.P
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delivery reliability
A performance criterion that measures how consistently goods and services are delivered on, or before, the promised time.D
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two-level master schedule
A master scheduling approach in which a planning bill of material is used to master schedule an end product or family, along with selected key features (options and accessories). See: hedge, multilevel master schedule, production forecast.T
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PPAP
Abbreviation for production part approval process.P
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demographic segmentation
In marketing, dividing potential markets by characteristics of potential customers, such as age, sex, income, and education.D
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touch labor
Syn: direct labor.T T
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hierarchical database
A method of constructing a database that requires that related record types be linked in tree-like structures, where no child record can have more than one physical parent record.H
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batch card
A document used in the process industries to authorize and control the production of a quantity of material. Batch cards usually contain quantities and lot B numbers of ingredients to be used, processing variables, pack-out instructions, and product disposition. See: assembly parts list, batch sheet, blend formula, fabrication order, manufacturing order, mix ticket.B
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yield factor
A measurement of the yield of a process. For a specific process or operation, yield factor + scrap factor = 1. See: scrap factor, yield.Y
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operating characteristic curve (OC curve)
A graph used to determine the probability of accepting lots as a function of the quality level of the lots or processes when using various sampling plans. There are three types: Type A curves, which give the probability of acceptance for an individual lot coming from finite production (will not continue in the future); Type B curves, which give the probability of acceptance for lots coming from a continuous process; and Type C curves, which, for a continuous sampling plan, give the long-run percentage of product accepted during the sampling phase.O
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collaborative forecasting
The process for collecting and reconciling information from within and outside the organization to come up with a single projection of demand.C
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continuous process improvement (CPI)
A never-ending effort to expose and eliminate root causes of problems: small-step improvement as opposed to big-step improvement. Syn: continuous improvement. See: kaizen.C
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target costing
The process of designing a product to meet a specific cost objective. Target costing involves setting the planned selling price, subtracting the desired profit as well as marketing and distribution costs, thus leaving the required manufacturing or target cost.T
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on-demand
Work is completed only when demand occurs. More specifically, it is a process in which a product or service is made only after an order is placed for that product or service.O
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VBM
Abbreviation for value-based management.V
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metered issues
Issues of parts or materials from stores in quantities that correspond to the rate at which materials are used.M
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secure electronic transaction (SET)
In e-commerce, a system for guaranteeing the security of financial transactions conducted over the internet.S
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(NAPM)
A nonprofit society for purchasing managers and others, now known as the Institute for Supply Management (ISM).N
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systems analysis
1) The analyzing in detail of the information needed for an organization, the characteristics and components of the current information system, and the requirements of any proposed changes to the information system. 2) A method of problem solving that encompasses the identification, study, and evaluation of interdependent parts and their attributes that function in an ongoing process and that constitute an organic whole.S
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automated assembly system
A system that produces completed products or assemblies without the contribution of direct labor.A
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machine-limited capacity
A production environment where a specific machine limits throughput of the process. See: constraint, throughput.M
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price break
A discount given for paying early, buying in quantity, and so forth. See: discount.P P
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stockless production
Syn: just in time.S
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analog
As applied to an electrical or computer system, the capability of representing data in continuously varying physical phenomena (as in a voltmeter) and converting them into numbers.A A
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turnover ratio
An indicator of whether or not a company is using its assets efficiently. It is measured by dividing sales by average assets during a particular period.T
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chain reaction
A chain of events proposed by W. Edwards Deming: improve quality, and costs will go down because of less scrap and rework, while revenues will go up because the company will be able to sell more product at higher prices. Thus, better quality means more profitability.C
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activity-on-arrow network (AOA)
A project management network in which the passage of time, via activities, takes place on the arrows. The start of an activity is represented by the tail of the arrow, while the completion of the activity is represented by the tip of the arrow. The sequence of the arrows represents the sequence of activities. Arrows are connected by nodes, which are usually circles. Syn: activity-on-arc network, arrow diagram method, event-on-arrow network.A
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cellular manufacturing
A manufacturing process that produces families of parts within a single line or cell of machines controlled by operators who work only within the line or cell.C
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QRP
Abbreviation for quick-response program.Q
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SET
Acronym for secure electronic transaction.S
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capacity available
The capability of a system or resource to produce a quantity of output in a particular time period. Syn: available capacity. See: capacity, available time.C
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operation number
A sequential number, usually two, three, or four digits long, such as 010, 020, 030, that indicates the sequence in which operations are to be performed within an item’s routing.O
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infinite scheduling
Syn: infinite loading.I
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job
1) The combination of tasks, duties, and responsibilities assigned to an individual employee and usually considered his or her work assignment. 2) The contents of a work order.J
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layoff
The process by which employees that are not needed for some extended amount of time are given notice that their services are not needed. Benefits may or may not continue in a layoff.L
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deposition
The sworn questioning, outside of court, of a potential witness by the other side’s attorney.D
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exit interview
An interview given to an employee who is leaving the company. The purpose is to find out why a person is leaving, what was liked and disliked about the job and the company, and what changes would make the department and the company a better place to work.E
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moving average forecast
A forecasting technique that uses a simple moving average or a weighted moving average projected forward as a forecast.M
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planned order release
A row on an MRP table that is derived from planned order receipts by taking the planned receipt quantity and offsetting to the left by the appropriate lead time. See: order release.P
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random component
A component of demand usually describing the impact of uncontrollable variation on demand. See: decomposition, time series analysis.R
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(CPIM)
The APICS designation that is a recognition of a high level of professional knowledge in production and inventory management.C
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total quality control (TQC)
The process of creating and producing the total composite good and service characteristics (by marketing, engineering, manufacturing, purchasing, etc.) through which the good and service will meet the expectations of customers.T
