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APK > APK 1996 Part I > Flashcards

APK 1996 Part I Flashcards

1
Q

External rotators of the shoulders

a. Infraspinatus, Teres minor, posterior deltoid
b. subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
c. pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, subscapularis
d. trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapulae

A

Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Posterior Deltoid

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2
Q

Muscle that is not attached to the humerus

a. Supraspinatus
b. Pectoralis Major
c. Pectoralis Minor
d. Teres Major

A

Pectoralis Minor

Bicipital Lip (PLDT)
Lateral Lip: Pectoralis Major, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major

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3
Q

Principle muscle involved in light hand closure

a. lumbrical
b. FDP
c. interossei
d. FDS

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Force Hand Closure = FDS, FDP, + Interossei
Light Hand Opening= ED + Lumbricals
Force Hand Opening= ED + Lumbricals + Interossei

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4
Q

This blood vessel does not originate from the aortic arch

a. Right common carotid artery
b. Left subclavian artery
c. Inominate artery (Brachiocephalic artery)
d. Left Common subclavian artery

A

Right common carotid artery

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5
Q

In a third class lever

a. none of these
b. the weight of the arm is longer than the force arm
c. the weight arm and force arm are equal
d. the force arm is longer than the weight arm

A

The weight arm is longer than the force arm

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6
Q

Muscle facial expression
a. Digastric
b. Temporalis
c. Masseter
d. Platysma

A

Platysma

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7
Q

Bell of the foot corresponds to the:

A

Heads of metatarsals

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8
Q

Anconeus is responsible for:

a. helping maintain elbow extension
b. stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the UE
c. all of these
d. initiating extension of the elbow

A

ALL OF THESE

  1. Helping maintain elbow extension
  2. Stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the upper extremity.
  3. Initiating extension of the elbow
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9
Q

Muscle innervated by the radial nerve
a. FCR
b. FPL
c. FDS
d. APL

A

Abductor Pollicis Longus

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10
Q

Overlapping of receptive field improves this phenomenon sensation

A

Localization

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11
Q

The conoid and trapezoid are ligaments that connect the:

A

coracoids and clavicle

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12
Q

In the process of rising up from the sitting position, the following muscles are active, EXCEPT:

A

iliopsoas

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13
Q

The trapezius and serratus anterior:

A

acts as synergists in UPWARD ROTATION and antagonist in RETRACTION and PROTRACTION

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14
Q

in what movement of the scapula are the upper and lower trapezius muscles synergists:

A

upward rotation

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15
Q

in a midclavicular fracture, the structure that protects the underlying vessels from being injured is the:

A

subclavius

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16
Q

the highest content of elastic fiber is found in the ligament:

A

ligamentum flavum

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17
Q

NOT an extrinsic muscle of the hand:
a. EPL
b. ED
c. ECR
d. FDS

A

extensor carpi radialis

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18
Q

this does not describe the 7th rib
a. typical rib
b. has two demifacets on its head
c. longest rib
d. most oblique rib

A

most oblique rib (9th rib)

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19
Q

stimulation of the vagus nerve may be expected to result in

A

vasodilation and bradycardia

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20
Q

bradycardia is heart beats less than

A

60 per minute

N= 60-100bpm

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21
Q

interaction between actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction is brought to a stop because of:

A

decrease concentration of intracellular calcium ions

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22
Q

a shunt muscle:

A

will usually have a long lever arm like the brachioradialis (for stability)

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23
Q

a house painter who often works with raised arms as the hands work at a height should primarily be given strengthening exercises for the:

A

serratus anterior (SH flex et UR)

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24
Q

efferent fibers of the muscle spindle come from the

A

gamma motor neuron

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25
Q

inability to make a complete fist with palmarflexion of the wrist is due to

A

passive insufficiency of the wrist extensors

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26
Q

muscle which has its distal attachment on the pisiform

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

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27
Q

the glenohumeral joint is most instable in this position

A

flexed, abducted, externally rotated (FABER)

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28
Q

the functional position of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT:

A

lateral malleolus

deltoid ligaments:
ANTATI: ant. talotibial
POTATI: post. talotibial
CATI: calcaneotibial
TINA: tibial navicular

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29
Q

the attachment of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT:
a. none of these
b. slight extension of the wrist to 40deg.
c. radial deviation to 5deg.
d. ulnar deviation to 15deg.

A

slight extension of the wrist to 40deg.

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30
Q

type of nerve fiber that has the fastest conduction:

A

large myelinated axons

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31
Q

this ligament does NOT contribute to the stability of the hip joint:
a. ischiofemoral ligament
b. ligamentum teres
c. pubofemoral ligament
d. iliofemoral ligament

A

ligamentum teres

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32
Q

this is a movement in the transverse plane

A

external rotation

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33
Q

the most commonly injured ligament of the ankle joint in the sprain is the

A

anterior talofibular ligament

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34
Q

with the forearm in the fully pronated position, flexion of the elbow is carried out mostly by the

A

brachialis

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35
Q

the biggest volume that can be expired by a person is called

A

vital capacity

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36
Q

the lumbrical muscle:
a. all of these are true
b. is the only intrinsic muscle responsible for MCP-flexion
c. together with the dorsal interossei, are primarily responsible for extension of the DIP joint
d. has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

A

has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

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37
Q

the blood supply of the posterior thigh muscles comes mainly from

A

profunda femoris artery

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38
Q

responsible for shoulder retraction

A

trapezius and rhomboids

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39
Q

a lesion of the subthalmic nucleus will result in

A

hemiballismus

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40
Q

triceps activity is enhanced by

A

elbow extension combined with shoulder flexion

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41
Q

the arcade of frohse may compress the

A

posterior interosseous nerve

42
Q

the movement of C1 ions across the membrane is mainly by

A

facilitated diffusion

43
Q

the normal width of the walking base

A

2-4 inches

44
Q

when the knee is extended, hip flexion is limited to 60-80 degrees because of passive insufficiency of the:

A

hamstring

45
Q

the first line of defense against bacterial infection, among the cellular elements, are the:

A

neutrophils

46
Q

the nerve that crosses the elbow as a pure sensory is the

A

musculocutaneous

47
Q

given a blood pressure of 130/95, the pulse pressure is

A

35mmHg

48
Q

which part of the upright lung has the greatest perfusion

A

base

49
Q

the axis for subtalar abduction and adduction is

A

vertical

50
Q

muscle power is greatest at approximately ___% of the maximum load:

A

30

51
Q

the most abundant cation found inside living cells is

A

potassium

52
Q

the space that is entered during a lumbar puncture to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sample is the

A

subarachnoid space

53
Q

a forearm muscle that belongs to the extensor group but flexes the elbow is the

A

brachioradialis

54
Q

pronation-supination movement of the forearm brings about gliding motion in the following, EXCEPT

A

ulnar-humeral articulation

55
Q

norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter of the

A

majority of the postganglionic sympathetic endings

56
Q

inspiration requires:

A

increase in intrathoracic volume

57
Q

stability of the ankle joint is primarily afforded by the

A

ligamentous connection

58
Q

proprioception is characterized by
a. the rapid adaptation of the receptors
b. a strong affect
c. all of these
d. stimulation of the receptors by joint motion

A

all of these

59
Q

of the following substances, which of them can cross the plasma membrane most easily:

A

O2

60
Q

the external intercostals

A

does not show any activity during normal, quite breathing

61
Q

the radial head is kept in place by the:

A

annular ligament

62
Q

paralysis of the left gluteus medius can be compensated by:

A

allowing the pelvis to sag laterally toward the unsupported side until the left hip is maximally adducted

63
Q

the calorie coat of walking a given distance is lowest at a walking speed of about ____ miles per hour:

A

1.5

64
Q

ligaments that limit shoulder flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint

A

coracohumeral ligament

65
Q

the most superficial muscle in the posterior trunk

A

longissimus

66
Q

the average total range of motion for knee axial rotation

A

40 deg.

67
Q

the strongest support for the longitudinal arch of the foot is the:

A

tibialis posterior

68
Q

men climbing high mountains will have enormous water losses from:

A

increased urination

69
Q

given a blood pressure of 130/95, the mean arterial pressure is around:

A

107mmHg

70
Q

the main function is to stabilize the scapula

A

serratus anterior

71
Q

the center of gravity of the extended upper extremity is approximately:

A

just above the elbow joint

72
Q

ulnar deviation at the wrist is brought about by the action of the

A

flexor carpi ulnaris with the extensor carpi ulnaris

73
Q

a person’s grip is weaker, if his wrist is in a flexed

A

passive insufficiency of the finger extensors and active insufficiency of the finger flexorst

74
Q

the cellular property of neurons which enables them to receives and transmit information is

A

excitability

75
Q

a stab would to the popliteal fossa will primarily injure which structure

A

popliteal artery

76
Q

neck side flexion isometric movements is a test for muscles innervated by roots:

A

C3-C4

77
Q

this term implies passage of an impulse across a junction

A

conduction

78
Q

if the heart rate is 60bpm and the stroke volume is 90mL, then cardiac output is:

A

5.4L

79
Q

with paralysis of the gastrocsoleus

A

there will be marked difficult in running and jumping

80
Q

anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is usually potentiated by weakness of this muscle

A

subscapularis

81
Q

during your dissection, in order to expose the brachial artery at the elbow, you have tp cut this structure

A

bicipital aponeurosis

82
Q

deconditioning effects of prolonged bed rest, EXCEPT

A

decrease in the heart rate response to effort

83
Q

the epiphysis of a bone is

A

located next to the joint

84
Q

the H-zone contains

A

myosin

85
Q

the soleus muscles

A

contains a higher proportion of slow-twitch fibers compared to the gastrocnemius

86
Q

which of the following correctly describes the intrapleural pressure during a normal unforced breathing

A

always negative

87
Q

the teres minor as a rotator cuff muscle

A

prevent shoulder subluxation when carrying a load in the hand while standing erect

88
Q

the connection tissue covering of a muscle fiber

A

endomysium

89
Q

injury to this nerve produces this type of winging of the scapula. the medial border of the scapula is closer to the midline and the inferior angle is medially rotated:

A

long thoracic

90
Q

the hip hiking muscle

A

quadratus lumborum

91
Q

NOT a characteristic of the lateral epicondyle

A

it is more prominent than the medial epicondyle

92
Q

in the contrast to a nerve action potential a muscle action potential has

A

a more negative resting membrane potential

93
Q

the first heart sound is associated with the closure of

A

tricuspid and mitral valves

94
Q

how many compartments are in the lower leg

A

3

95
Q

NOT found in the I-band

A

meromyosin

96
Q

a hacking wound in the posterior and midpart of the arm by a halo may injure the following, EXCEPT:

A

musculocutaneous nerve

97
Q

death of the cortex of the bone from occlusion of the nutrient vessels caused by intense infection is called:

A

sequestrum

98
Q

the tibialis anterior

A

is not capable of everting the foot at all

99
Q

true of the brachialis muscle

A

its effectively as an elbow flexor is unaffected by the position of the forearm

100
Q

the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is taut during

A

full side extension

APK (5 decks)

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