App. 1 Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Aneurysm
Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall from atherosclerosis
Angina
Chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to heart muscle
Arrhythmia
Abnormal heartbeat
Ex. Fibrillation and flutter
Atherosclerosis
Hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol-like plaque
Congestive heart failure
Inability of the heart to pump it’s required amount of blood, causing blood to accumulate in the lungs (pulmonary edema)
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Myocardial infarction
Heart attack
Shock
A group of signs and symptoms indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart
Angiography
Recording of x-ray images of blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream
Cardiac catheterization
Introducing a catheter into a coronary blood vessel to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood
Cardiac enzyme test
Measurement of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack
Doppler ultrasound
Measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves
Echocardiography
Images of the heart are produced using sound waves
Electrocardiography
Recording electricity flowing through the heart
Holter monitoring
Detection of arrhythmias that involves having a patient wear a compact version of an electrocardiograph for 24 hours
Lipid tests
Measurement of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood
Lipoprotein test
Measurement of HDL & LDL in the blood
MUGA scan
Imaging the motion of heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple-gated acquisition scan, which uses radioactive chemicals
PET scan
Positron emission tomography
Radioactive chemicals that release radioactive particles are injected into the bloodstream and travel to the heart. Images show blood flow and functionality of the heart muscle
Stress test
An electrocardiogram plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements show the heart’s response to physical exertion
Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan
A radioactive pharmaceutical is injected intravenously to show perfusion of blood in heart muscle
Thallium-201 scan
A radioactive test that shows where the injected substance localized in the heart
Cardiac catheter ablation
Flexible tube is threaded through blood vessels into the heart to destroy abnormal tissue that cause arrhythmias
Cardioversion
Brief discharges of electricity passing across the chest to stop an arrhythmia
Also called defibrillation
