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appendicular skeleton Flashcards

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0
Q

Supportive girdles

A

Pectoral

Pelvic

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1
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Allows us to move and manipulate objects

Limbs
Supportive girdle

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2
Q

Pectoral girdles

A

Positions the shoulders and supports arm

Provides base for arm movement

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3
Q

Parts of the pectoral girdle

A

-2 clavicles ; attached to scapula and sternum

-2 scapulae
Articulates with humerus

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4
Q

Pectoral girdle is very loose; highly flexible but easily

A

Dislocated

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5
Q

Pectoral girdle connects with axial skeleton only at

A

Manubrium (sternoclavicular joint) of sternum

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6
Q

Clavicles

A

Are long S-shaped bones

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7
Q

Originates at the manubrium and articulates with the scapulae

A

Clavicles

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8
Q

Sternal end is

A

Rounded

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9
Q

Acromial end is

A

Flattened

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10
Q

Inferior surface bears lines and tubercles for muscle attachment

A

Clavicles

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11
Q

Scapula

A

Is broad,flat triangular bone; articulates with the arm and collarbone

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12
Q

Scapula

Body

A
  • superior border
  • medial border (vertebral border)
  • lateral border (axial lath border)
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13
Q

Scapular head

A

Holds gleniod cavity

  • acromion process -end of the scapular spine
  • coracoid process- muscle attachment
  • gleniod fossa- articular depression
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14
Q

Humerus

A

Is the long, upper armbone that articulates with the pectoral girdle

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15
Q

Head/neck(proximal epiphysis)

A

Greater tubercle (shoulder tip) is for muscle attachmen

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16
Q

Surgical neck

A

Corresponds to the metaphysics

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17
Q

Shaft

A

Deltoid tuberosity-attaches deltoid muscle

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18
Q

Distal epiphysis

A

-capitulum; articulates with radius
-trochlea; articulates with ulna
Coronoid/olecranon fossa accepts ulnar projections
-lateral and Medial epicondyles

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19
Q

Antebrachium

A

Forearm

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20
Q

Radius

A

Is the lateral bone of the forearm

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21
Q

Radius

Disk-shaped radial head allows

A

Rotation with the humerus

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22
Q

Radius

Radial tuberosity

A

Attaches biceps; allows flexing of forearm

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23
Q

Radius

Styloid process

A

Stabilizes wrist joints

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24
Ulna
The medial bone of the forearm
25
Ulna | C-shaped
Trochlear notch forms the hinge-joint of the elbow
26
Olecranon superior end
Is point of elbow
27
Ulna Radial notch
Depression allowing articulation of radial head
28
Ulna Styloid process
Is bony postrusion of wrist
29
Interosseous membrane
The membrane is the ligament that attaches radius to ulna and transfers force to ulna from radius then to humerus
30
Carpals
Form the wrist Allow flexion, extension, abduction and addiction
31
Carpals 2 rows of?
4bones each
32
Carpals | Proximal row
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform
33
Carpals Distal row
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate
34
Phalanges
Bones of the fingers
35
Fingers
Proximal , middle , and distal phalanx
36
Thumb(pollex)
Only proximal and distal phalanx
37
Metacarpals
Are bones of the palm
38
Metacarpals numbered
I-V from the thumb to pink
39
Metacarpals. Support and articulate with
Phalanges
40
Pelvic girdle
Is strong and bears body weight and stress of movement
41
Pelvic bone made up of
2 hipbones (ossa coxae)
42
Ossa coxae
Are made up of 3 fused bones
43
Ossa coxae 3fused bones
Ilium- articulates with sacrum Ischium Pubis
44
Ossa coxae articulations
Joined to the vertebral column at the sacroiliac joint Acetabulum is the hip socket
45
Ilium
The largest of the hipbones
46
Ilium Illiac crest
Allows for muscle attachment
47
Ilium | Greater sciatic notch
Pathway for sciatic nerve
48
Ischium
Ischial tuberosity Posterior projection you sit on
49
Pubis
Smallest of the hipbones
50
Pubic symphysis
Gap between pubic tubercles padded with ffibrocartlage
51
Pelvis
Consists of 2 ossa coxae, the sacrum, and the coccyx stabilized by ligaments of pelvic girdle, sacrum, and lumbar vertebrae
52
2 parts of the pelvis
True pelvis Encloses pelvic cavity False pelvis Blades of ilium above arcuate line
53
Pelvic girdle and the pelvis
Are not the same anatomic structures
54
Male pelvis
-heavier with upper pelvis nearly vertical Prominent muscle and ligament attachment sites -pelvic inlet heart shaped -narrow and deep pubic arch 90degrees
55
Female pelvis
-smoother and lighter Less prominent muscle and ligament attachments -wide pubic inlet and out let that is round or oval -broad pubic arch 120 degrees -ilia project laterally not upwards -less curvature of sacrum and coccyx
56
Forensic study of skeleton
- muscle strength and mass bone ridges, bone mass - medical history condition of teeth healed fractures - sex and age bone measurements - body size
57
Femur
Longest and heaviest bone of the body;articulates with the acetabulum and tibia
58
Femur | Has
Head/neck Shaft Distal epiphysis
59
Head/neck of femur (proximal epiphysis)
- fovea capitis-ligament attachment to acetabulum | - greater/lesser trochanters attach powerful hip muscle
60
Shaft of femur
Linea appear is a posterior prominent ridge of shaft
61
Distal epiphysis femur
- medial/lateral epicondyles widest point of femur above the knee joint - medial/lateral condyles-articular surface of knee
62
Patella
Kneecap | Is a triangular shaped sesamoid bone
63
Patella is formed in?
Quadriceps femoris tendon
64
Parts of the patella
Base-attaches quadriceps femoris tendon | Apex-attaches patellar ligament
65
Leg
Supports the weight of the body
66
Tibia
The largest of the leg bones and is weight bearing;medial to fibula Head -(proximal epiphysis) medial and lateral tibial condyles Shaft -anterior crest for muscle attachment Distal epiphysis -medial malleous (medial ankle)
67
Fibula
Stabilizes the ankle and attaches muscle of the feet and toes
68
Interosseous membrane bind fibula to
Tibia and is identical to intros serous membrane of radius and ulna
69
Tarsus means
Ankle
70
Tarsal bones
Ae shaped and arranged differently from carpal bones due to load bearing role of the ankle
71
Important tarsus bones
Talus | Calcaneus
72
Talus
Most superior tarsal bone that forms ankle joint with tibia and fibula Sits upon calcaneus
73
Calcaneus
Forms heel and transfers weights to ground Achilles' tendon of gastrocnemius attaches here
74
Foot
Bones of the foot are similar in name and arrangement to the hand
75
Metatarsals
Numbered I-V from medial to lateral
76
Phalanges
2 in a great toe (hallux) Proximal and distal 3 in All other toes Proximal middle and distal
77
Sole of foot
Is arched and not flat on the ground
78
Arches absorb stress and?
Transfer weight from 1 part of the foot to other
79
3 springy arches
-medial longitudinal arch Heel to hallux -lateral longitudinal arch Heel to little toe-weight transferring -transverse arch Form by difference in curvature between medial and lateral part of the foot
80
Arches held together by short, strong ligaments
Weakened ligaments results is pes planis
81
Pes planis is?
Flat feet

Anatomny (6 decks)

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