Appendix 1 Part 2: Body systems

Question 1

amenorrhea

Answer 1

absence of menstrual flow

Question 2

dysmenorrhea

Answer 2

painful menstral flow

Question 3

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 3

pregnancy outside the uterus, usually in Fallopian tube

Question 4

endometriosis

Answer 4

inner lining uterine tissue grows in other abdominal or pelvic areas

Question 5

fibroids

Answer 5

benign tumors in uterus

Question 6

menorrhagia

Answer 6

excessive discharge of blood from the uterus

Question 7

pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 7

inflammation in the pelvic region, usually in the Fallopian tubes

Question 8

amniocentesis

Answer 8

surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid for analysis

Question 9

aspiration

Answer 9

withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac

Question 10

colposcopy

Answer 10

visual examination of vagina and cervix with endoscope

Question 11

conization

Answer 11

removal of a cone-shape section of the cervix for biopsy

Question 12

hysterosalpingography

Answer 12

x-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes

Question 13

mammography

Answer 13

x-ray imaging of the breast

Question 14

pap smear

Answer 14

recreation removal from cervix and vagina for microscopic analysis for presence of disease

Question 15

pelvic ultasonography

Answer 15

viewing pelvic organs via sound waves

Question 16

pregnancy test

Answer 16

measure of human chorionic gonaclotropin(HCG), a hormone in blood and urine indicating pregnancy

Question 17

cauterization

Answer 17

use of heat to destroy abnormal tissue

Question 18

cryosurgery

Answer 18

use of cold temperature to freeze and destroy tissue

Question 19

dilation and curettage (D&C)

Answer 19

widening of cervix and scraping the lining of uterus to remove tissue

Question 20

myomectomy

Answer 20

removal of fibroid tissue from the uterus

Question 21

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 21

suppression or deficiency of the immune response related to the exposure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 22

lymphoma (Hodgkin disease)

Answer 22

Malignant tumor or lymph nodes and tissue

Question 23

mononucleosis

Answer 23

Acute infectious disease with enlargement of lymph nodes and increased number of lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood

Question 24

Sarcoldosis

Answer 24

inflammation where small nodules or tubercles form in the lymph nodes or other organs

Question 25

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 25

a series of cross-sectional x-ray images of lymphoid organs

Question 26

ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)

Answer 26

a screen for antibiotics to the HIV which causes AIDS

Question 27

Western blot test

Answer 27

blood test to detect the presence of antibodies o specific antigens like HIV

Question 28

chemotherapy

Answer 28

treatment with powerful drugs to kill cancerous cells

Question 29

radiotherapy

Answer 29

treatment with high-dose

Question 30

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 30

noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland

Question 31

cryptorchism

Answer 31

condition of undescended testis, not in the sacral sac

Question 32

hydrocele

Answer 32

sac of clear fluid in scrotum

Question 33

prostatic carcinoma

Answer 33

cancer of the prostate gland

Question 34

testicular carcinoma

Answer 34

malignant tumor of the testis

Question 35

variocele

Answer 35

enlarged, swollen veins near a testicle

Question 36

digital rectal examination

Answer 36

examination of the prostate gland with finger palpation through rectum

Question 37

prostate - specific antigen

Answer 37

measurement of the amount of PSA in the blood

Question 38

semen analysis

Answer 38

measurement of the number, shape, and motility of sperm

Question 39

orchiopexy

Answer 39

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle

Question 40

vasectomy

Answer 40

vas deferens on each side is cut, ends are folded and litigated

Question 41

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 41

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints in the spine and pelvis

Question 42

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 42

compression of median nerve as it passes between the ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist

Question 43

gouty arthritis (gout)

Answer 43

inflammation of the joints caused by excessive uric acid

Question 44

muscular dystrophy

Answer 44

inherited disorder characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers

Question 45

osteoporosis

Answer 45

decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone

Question 46

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 46

chronic inflammation of joints, pain, swelling, and stiffening, especially small joints of the hands and feet

Question 47

antinuclear antibody test (ANA)

Answer 47

sample of plasma tested or the presence of antibodies found in patients with systemic lupus erythenatosus

Question 48

arthrocentesis

Answer 48

surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint

Question 49

arthrography

Answer 49

x-ray imagine of a joint

Question 50

arthroscopy

Answer 50

visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope

Question 51

bone density test

Answer 51

low energy x-rays of bones in spinal column, pelvis, and writs to detect bone deficiency

Question 52

Bone scan

Answer 52

radioactive substance is injected intravenously and its uptake in bones is measure with a special scan

Question 53

calcium

Answer 53

measurement of amount of calcium in blood to evaluate disease of the bone

Question 54

electromyography (EMG)

Answer 54

recording the strength of muscle contractions a result of electrical stimulation

Question 55

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Answer 55

measurement of rate at which red blood cells fall to the bottom of a test tube associated to inflammatory diseases

Question 56

muscle biopsy

Answer 56

removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination

Question 57

uric acid test

Answer 57

measurement of amount of uric acid in the blood

Question 58

arthroplasty

Answer 58

surgical repair of a joint

Question 59

chemonucleolysis

Answer 59

treated of a herniated disk by injected by chymopapaiu to dissolve the inner portion of the disk

Question 60

endoscopic diskectomy

Answer 60

surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk with endoscope

Question 61

laminectomy

Answer 61

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

Question 61

laminectomy

Answer 61

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

Question 61

laminectomy

Answer 61

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

Question 62

laminectomy

Answer 62

surgical removal of a portion of a vertebra to allow visualization mi

Question 63

microscopic diskectomy

Answer 63

surgical removal of a herniated disk

Question 64

Vertebroplasty

Answer 64

Surgical repair of vertebrae