Appendix 4: Meanings & Their Corresponding Word Parts Flashcards
1
Q
abdomen
A
abdomin/o, celi/o
2
Q
abdominal wall
A
lapar/o
3
Q
abnormal
A
dys-, para-
4
Q
abnormally high
A
hyper-
5
Q
abnormally large
A
macro-, mega-, megal/o-
6
Q
abnormally low
A
hypo-
7
Q
above
A
super-, supra-
8
Q
absence
A
a-, an-, dis-
9
Q
absorb(ing)
A
phil, -philic
10
Q
accumulation of fluid
A
edema
11
Q
act of recording data
A
-graphy
12
Q
act(ing) on
A
trop, -tropic
13
Q
acute
A
ox/y
14
Q
adrenal gland
A
adren/o, adrenal/o
15
Q
adrenaline
A
adren/o
16
Q
adrenal
A
adren/o
17
Q
adrenal cortex
A
adrenocortic/o
18
Q
affect(ing)
A
trop, -tropic
19
Q
after
A
post-, met/a
20
Q
again
A
re-
21
Q
against
A
anti-, contra-, counter-
22
Q
air
A
aer/o, pneumat/o
23
Q
all
A
pan-
24
Q
amnion, amniotic sac
A
amnio
25
angle
goni/o
26
anus
an/o
27
any disease of
-pathy
28
aorta
aort/o
29
arm
brachi/o
30
around
circum-, peri-
31
arrangement
tax/o
32
arteriole
arteriol/o
33
artery
arter/o, arteri/o
34
at a distance
tel/e, tel/o
35
atlas
atlant/o
36
atrium
atri/o
37
attract(ing)
phil, -philic
38
auditory (eustachian) tube
salping/o
39
away from
ab-, ex/o-
40
babble
-lalia
41
bacillus
bacill/i, bacill/o
42
back
re-
43
backward
retro-
44
bacterium
bacteri/o
45
bad
mal-
46
before
ante-, pre-, pro-
47
behind
post-, retro-
48
below
hypo-, infra-, sub-
49
beside
para-, juxta-
50
between
inter-
51
beyond
met/a
52
bile
bili, chol/e, chol/o
53
bile duct
cholangi/o
54
binding
-desis
55
birth
nat/i
56
black
melan/o-
57
bladder
cyst/o, vesic/o
58
blood
hem/o, hemat/o
59
condition of blood
-emia, -hemia
60
blood clot
thromb/o
61
blue
cyan/o-
62
body
somat/o, -some
63
bone
oste/o
64
bone marrow
myel/o
65
brain
encephal/o
66
breaking
-clasis, -clasia
67
breast
mamm/o, mast/o
68
breathing
-pnea, spir/o
69
bronchiole
bronchiol
70
bronchus
bronch/i, bronch/o
71
bursa
burs/o
72
bursting forth
-rhage, -rhagia
73
calcium
calc/i
74
calculus
lith
75
calyx
cali/o, calic/o
76
cancer
carcin/o
77
carbon dioxide
-capnia
78
caricinoma
carcin/o
79
carry
fer
80
cartilage
chondr/o
81
cavity
ventricul/o
82
cecum
cec/o
83
cell
-cyte, cyt/o
84
cerebellum
cerebell/o
85
cerebral cortex
cortic/o
86
cerebrum
cerebr/o
87
cervix
cervic/o
88
chain (twisted)
strept/o
89
change
met/a
90
cheek
bucc/o
91
chemical
chem/o
92
chest
thorac/o, steth/o
93
child
ped/o, puer
94
choroid
chori/o, choroid/o
95
ciliary body/muscle
cycl/o
96
clitoris
clitor/o, clitorid/o
97
clot
thromb/o
98
coccyx
coccy, coccyg/o
99
cochlea
cochle/o
100
cold
cry/o
101
colon
col/o, colon/o
102
color
chrom/o, chromat/o
103
colorless
leuk/o-
104
common bile duct
choledoch/o
105
condition of
-ia, -ia/sis, -ism, -o/sis, -sis, -y
106
condition of the eye
-opia
107
condition of urine, urination
-uria
108
condition of vision
-opia, -opsia
109
condition of semen
-spermia
110
constriction
stenosis
111
contraction (sudden), cramp
spasm
112
cornea
corne/o, kerat/o
113
correct
ortho-
114
cranium
crani/o
115
crushing
-tripsy
116
cutting
-tomy
117
cutting instrument
-tome
118
cyst
cyst/o
119
dark
melan/o-
120
darkness
nyct/o
121
data
-gram
122
death of tissue
necrosis
123
decreased, decrease in
hypo-, -penia
124
deficiency of
oligo-, -penia
125
destruction
lysis
126
development
plas, -plasia
127
diaphragm
phren/o
128
different
hetero-
129
difficult
dys-
130
dilatation, dilation
ectasia, ectasis
131
dim
ambly-
132
discharge
-rhea
133
disease
path/o, -pathy
134
dissolving
lysis, -lytic
135
distance (at a)
tel/e, tel/o
136
distention
ectasia, ectasis
137
double
dipl/o-
138
down
de-
139
dropping, downward displacement
ptosis
140
drug, medicine
pharm, pharmac/o
141
dry
xer/o-
142
duct, ductus deferens
vas/o
143
duodenum
duoden/o
144
ear
ot/o
145
easy
eu-
146
eat
phag/o
147
egg cell
oo, ov/o, ovul/o
148
electricity
electr/o
149
embryo
embry/o
150
embryonic cell
-blast, blast/o
151
end
tel/e, tel/o, acro
152
endocrine
endocrin/o
153
energy
dynam/o
154
enlargement
-megaly, megal/o
155
enzyme
-ase
156
epididymis
epididym/o
157
epinephrine
adren/o
158
equal
iso-, equi-
159
erythrocyte
erythr/o, erythrocyt/o
160
esophagus
esophag/o
161
examination of
-scopy
162
excess
hyper-, super-
163
excision
-ectomy
164
excited state
mania
165
expansion
dilation, dilatation, ectasia, ectasis
166
extremity
acro
167
eye
ocul/o, opthalm/o, opt/o, -opia
168
eyelid
blephar/o, palpebr/o
169
fallopian tube
salping/o
170
false
pseudo-
171
far
tel/e, tel/o
172
fascia
fasci/o
173
fat
adip/o, lip/o
174
fatty
steat/o
175
fear
-phobia
176
feces
copro
177
feeding
throph/o, -trophy, -trophia
178
fetus
fet/o
179
fetus (malformed)
terat/o
180
fever
pyr/o, pyret/o
181
few
oligo-
182
fiber
fibr/o, in/o
183
filled sac or pouch
cyst/o
184
finger
dactyl/o
185
fire
pyr/o, pyret/o
186
first
prim/i-
187
fissure
-schisis
188
fixation (surgical)
-pexy
189
flow
-rhea
190
fluid
hydr/o
191
foot
ped/o, pod/o
192
foreign
xen/o
193
form
morph/o
194
formation
gen, genesis, plas, -plasia, -poiesis
195
force
dynam/o
196
four
quadr/i, tetra-
197
fungus
myc/o
198
fusion
-desis
199
gall
chol/e, chol/o
200
gallbladder
cholecyst/o
201
ganglion
gangli/o, ganglion/o
202
gas
aer/o, pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o
203
gingiva (gum)
gingiv/o
204
gland
aden/o
205
glans penis
balan/o
206
glomerulus
glomerul/o
207
glucose
gluc/o, glyc/o
208
good
eu-
209
grape-like cluster
staphyl/o
210
growth
troph/o, -trophy, -trophia
211
gum, gingiva
gingiv/o
212
hair
trich/o
213
half
hemi-, semi-
214
hand
chir/o
215
hard
scler/o
216
hardening
sclerosis
217
head
cephal/o
218
hearing
acous, acus, audi/o, cus
219
heart
cardi/o
220
heat
therm/o
221
hemorrhage
-rhage, -rhagia
222
hernia
-cele
223
hidden
crypt/o
224
horny layer of skin
kerat/o
225
hypophysis
hypophysi/o, pituitar/i
226
islets (pancreatic)
insul/o
227
ileum
ile/o
228
ilium
ili/o
229
immature cell
blast/o, -blast
230
immune system, immunity
immun/o
231
imperfect
atel/o
232
in
end/o-, intra-
233
in front of
pre-, pro-
234
incision of
-tomy
235
increased
hyper-
236
inflammation
-itis
237
ingest
phag/o
238
inner ear
labyrinth/o
239
instrument for incising (cutting)
-tome
240
instrument for measuring
-meter
241
instrument for recording data
-graph
242
instrument for viewing or examining
-scope
243
intestine
enter/o
244
iris
ir, irid/o, irit/o
245
iron
ferr/i, ferr/o, sider/o
246
irregular
poikilo-
247
jaw
gnath/o
248
jejunum
jejun/o
249
joint
arthr/o
250
keratin
kerat/o
251
kidney
nephr/o, ren/o
252
labor
toc/o
253
labyrinth
labyrinth/o
254
lack of
a-, an-
255
lacrimal apparatus
dacry/o, lacrim/o
256
lacrimal sac
dacryocyst/o
257
large
macro-, mega-, megal/o-
258
larynx
laryng/o
259
left
sinistr/o
260
lens
lent/i, phac/o, phak/o
261
leukocyte
leuk/o, leukocyt/o
262
level of carbon dioxide
-capnia
263
level of oxygen
-oxia
264
life
bio
265
light
phot/o
266
like
-form, -oid
267
lip
labi/o, cheil/o
268
lipid
lip/o
269
liver
hepat/o
270
localized dilation
-cele
271
loosening
lysis, -lytic
272
loss
de-
273
lumbar region, lower back
lumb/o
274
lung(s)
pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o, pulm/o, pulmon/o
275
lymph, lymphatic system
lymph/o
276
lymph node
lymphaden/o
277
lymphatic vessel
lymphangi/o
278
lymphocyte
lymph/o, lymphocyt/o
279
male
andr/o
280
mammary gland
mamm/o, mast/o
281
many
multi-, poly-
282
marrow
myel/o
283
measure
metr/o
284
measurement of
-metry
285
medical specialty
-ics, -iatrics, iatry
286
medulla oblongata
medull/o
287
melanin
melan/o
288
meninges
mening/o, meninge/o
289
menstruation
men/o, mens
290
middle
meso-
291
middle ear
tympan/o
292
milk
galact/o, lact/o
293
mimicking
-mimetic
294
mind
psych/o
295
mold
myc/o
296
molding
plas, -plasia
297
month
men/o, mens
298
mouth
or/o, stoma, stomat/o
299
movement
kin/o, kine, -kinesi/o, kinet/o
300
much
poly-
301
mucus
muc/o, myx/o
302
mucous membrane
muc/o
303
muscle
my/o, muscul/o
304
muscle cell
rhabd/o
305
muscle fiber
in/o
306
nail
onych/o
307
narrowing
stenosis
308
near
ad-, juxta-, para-
309
neck
cervic/o
310
nerve, nervous system, nervous tissue
neur/o, neur/i
311
network
reticul/o
312
neuroglia
gli/o
313
never
nulli-
314
new
neo-
315
night
noct/i, nyct/o
316
nipple
papill/o
317
nitrogenous compounds
azot/o
318
normal
eu-, normo-
319
nose
nas/o, rhin/o
320
not
a-, an-, in-, im-, non-, un-
321
nourishment
troph/o, -trophy, -trophia
322
nucleus
kary/o, nucle/o
323
obsession
mania
324
old
presby-
325
old age
ger/e, ger/o
326
on
epi-
327
one
mon/o-, uni-
328
one side
hemi-
329
opening (created surgically)
-stomy
330
opposed, opposite
contra-, counter-
331
order
tax/o
332
origin
gen, genesis
333
other
hetero-
334
out, outside
ec-, ecto-, ex/o, extra-
335
outer portion
cortic/o
336
ovary
ovari/o, oophor/o
337
over
hyper-, epi-
338
ovum
oo, ov/o, ovul/o
339
oxygen
ox/y, -oxia
340
pain
-algia, -odynia
341
pain
-algesia, alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o
342
painful
dys-
343
palate
palat/o
344
pancreas
pancreat/o
345
pancreatic islets
insul/o
346
paralysis
-plegia
347
partial paralysis
-paresis
348
parathyroid
parathyr/o, parathyroid/o
349
partial
semi-
350
partition
sept/o
351
pelvis
pelvi/o
352
perineum
perine/o
353
peritoneum
periton, peritone/o
354
perspiration
hidr/o
355
pertaining to
-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -ic, -ical, -ile, -ory, -ous
356
pharynx
pharyng/o
357
phrenic nerve
phrenic/o
358
physician
iatr/o
359
pituitary
pituitar/i, hypophysi/o
360
plant
phyt/o
361
plastic repair, plastic surgery
-plasty
362
platelet
thrombocyt/o
363
pleura
pleur/o
364
poison
tox/o, toxic/o, toxin
365
poor
mal-
366
potassium
kali
367
pouch (filled)
cyst/o, cyst/i
368
pregnant woman
gravida
369
pressure
bar/o
370
production
-poiesis
371
productive cell
blast/o, -blast
372
profuse flow
-rhage, -rhagia
373
prolapse
ptosis
374
promotor
-agogue
375
prostate
prostat/o
376
protein
prote/o
377
pulse
sphygm/o
378
puncture
centesis
379
pupil
pupill/o, cor/o, cor/e
380
pus
py/o
381
pylorus
pylor/o
382
radiation
radi/o
383
rapid
tachy-
384
reading
-lexia
385
reconstruction
-plasty
386
record of data
-gram
387
recording data
-graphy
388
rectum
rect/o, proct/o
389
red
erythr/o-
390
red blood cell
erythr/o, erythrocyt/o
391
reducing
-lytic
392
removal
de-, dis-
393
removal (surgical)
-ectomy
394
renal pelvis
pyel/o
395
plastic repair
-plasty
396
surgical repair
-rhaphy
397
respiration
pneum/o, pneumat/o
398
resembling
-form, -oid
399
retina
retin/o
400
rib
cost/o
401
right
dextr/o-
402
rod
rhabd/o
403
root of spinal nerve
radicul/o
404
rupture
-rhexis
405
sac (filled)
cyst/o, cyst/i
406
sacrum
sacr/o
407
saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct
sial/o
408
same
equi-, homo-, homeo-, iso-
409
sclera (of eye)
scler/o
410
scanty
oligo-
411
scrotum
osche/o
412
sebum, sebaceous gland
seb/o
413
seizure
-lepsy
414
self
auto-
415
semen
semin, sperm/i, spermat/o
416
semen, condition of
-spermia
417
seminal vesicle
vesicul/o
418
sensation
-esthesia, esthesi/o
419
sense of smell
-osmia
420
sense of taste
-geusia
421
separation
dis-, -lysis
422
septum
sept/o
423
sharp
ox/y
424
short
brachy-
425
sigmoid colon
sigmoid/o
426
simulating
-mimetic
427
skeleton
skelet/o
428
skin
derm/o, dermat/o
429
skull
crani/o
430
sleep
hypn/o, somn/o, somn/i
431
slipping
-listhesis
432
slow
brady-
433
small
micro-
434
small body
-some
435
smell
osm/o, -osmia
436
sodium
natri
437
softening
malacia
438
sound
phon/o, son/o, acous, acus, cus
439
specialist
-ian, -ist, -logist
440
specialty
-ics, -iatrics, -iatry
441
speech
-phasia, -lalia
442
sperm, spermatozoa
sperm/i, spermat/o
443
spinal column
vertebr/o
444
spinal cord
myel/o, medull/o
445
spine
rachi/o
446
spitting
-ptysis
447
spleen
splen/o
448
splitting
-schisis
449
stain
chrom/o, chromat/o
450
stapes
staped/o, stapedi/o
451
staphylococcus
staphyl/o
452
starch
amyl/o
453
stimulator
-agogue
454
stomach
gastr/o
455
stone
lith
456
stoppage
stasis
457
straight
ortho-
458
strange
xen/o
459
strength
sthen/o
460
streptococcus
strept/o
461
structure
morph/o
462
study of
-logy
463
stupor
narc/o
464
sugar
glyc/o, sacchar/o, -ose
465
suppression
stasis
466
surgical fixation
-pexy
467
surgical removal
-ectomy
468
surgical repair, suture
-rhaphy
469
sweat
hidr/o
470
swelling
edema
471
synovial fluid, joint, membrane
synov/i
472
tap
centesis
473
taste
-geusia
474
tear
dacry/o, lacrim/o
475
teeth
dent/o, dent/i, odont/o
476
temperature
therm/o
477
tendon
ten/o, tendin/o
478
testicle
test/o
479
testis
test/o, orchid/o, orchi/o
480
thalamus
thalam/o
481
thick
pachy-
482
thorax
thorac/o
483
three
tri-
484
thrombocyte
thrombocyt/o
485
through
dia-, per-, trans-
486
thymus gland
thym/o
487
thyroid
thyr/o, thyroid/o
488
time
chron/o
489
tissue
hist/o, histi/o
490
tissue death
necrosis
491
toe
dactyl/o
492
together
syn-, sym-
493
tone
ton/o
494
tongue
gloss/o, lingu/o
495
tonsil
tonsil/o
496
tooth
-dent/o, dent/i, odont/o
497
toward
ad-
498
toxin
tox/o, toxic/o
499
trachea
trache/o
500
true
eu-
501
tube
salping/o
502
tumor
onc/o, -oma
503
turning
trop/o
504
twice
bi-, di-
505
twisted chain
strept/o
506
twisted and swollen vein
varic/o
507
two
bi-, di-, dipl/o-
508
tympanic cavity
tympan/o
509
tympanic membrane
myring/o, tympan/o
510
ultrasound
son/o
511
unchanging
homo-, homeo-
512
unconsciousness
narc/o
513
under
hypo-, sub-
514
unequal
hetero-
515
upright
ortho-
516
ureter
ureter/o
517
urethra
urethr/o
518
urinary bladder
cyst/o, vesic/o
519
urination
-uresis
520
urine, urinary tract, urination
ur/o, -uria
521
urine
urin/o
522
uterine tube
salping/o
523
uterus
hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i, uter/o
524
uvea
uve/o
525
uvula
uvul/o
526
vagina
colp/o, vagin/o
527
valve
valv/o, valvul/o
528
varicose vein, varix
varic/o
529
varied
poikilo-
530
vas deferens
vas/o
531
vein
ven/o, ven/i, phleb/o
532
ventricle
ventricul/o
533
vertebra
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
534
vessel
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
535
vestibular apparatus, vestibule
vestibul/o
536
virus
vir/o
537
vision
opt/o, -opia, -opsia
538
voice
phon/o, -phonia
539
vomiting
emesis
540
vulva
episi/o, vulv/o
541
wall, dividing wall
sept/o
542
water
hydr/o
543
weakness
paresis
544
white
leuk/o-
545
white blood cell
leuk/o, leukocyt/o
546
widening
ectasia, ectasis, dilation, dilatation
547
within
end/o-, intra-
548
without
a-, an-, de-
549
woman
gyn/o, gynec/o
550
woman who has given birth
para
551
work
erg/o
552
x-ray
radi/o
553
yellow
xanth/o-
