Appendix 5: Word Roots Flashcards
1
Q
abdomin/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
acous, acus
A
sound, hearing
3
Q
acro
A
extremity, end
4
Q
aden/o
A
gland
5
Q
adip/o
A
fat
6
Q
adren/o
A
adrenal gland, epinephrine
7
Q
adrenal/o
A
adrenal gland
8
Q
adrenocortic/o
A
adrenal cortex
9
Q
aer/o
A
air, gas
10
Q
alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o
A
pain
11
Q
amnio
A
amnion
12
Q
amyl/o
A
starch
13
Q
andr/o
A
male
14
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
15
Q
an/o
A
anus
16
Q
aort/o
A
aorta
17
Q
arter/o, arteri/o
A
artery
18
Q
arteriol/o
A
arteriole
19
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
20
Q
atel/o
A
incomplete, imperfect
21
Q
atlant/o
A
atlas
22
Q
atri/o
A
atrium
23
Q
audi/o
A
hearing
24
Q
azot/o
A
nitrogenous compounds
25
bacill/i, bacill/o
bacillus
26
bacteri/o
bacterium
27
balan/o
glans penis
28
bar/o
pressure
29
bili
bile
30
bio
life
31
blast/o
immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
32
blephar/o
eyelid
33
brachi/o
arm
34
bronch/i, bronch/o
bronchus
35
bronchiol
bronchiole
36
bucc/o
cheek
37
burs/o
bursa
38
calc/i
calcium
39
cali/o, calic/o
calyx
40
carcin/o
cancer, carcinoma
41
cardi/o
heart
42
cec/o
cecum
43
celi/o
abdomen
44
centesis
puncture, tap
45
cephal/o
head
46
cerebell/o
cerebellum
47
cerebr/o
cerebrum
48
cervic/o
neck, cervix
49
cheil/o
lip
50
chem/o
chemical
51
chir/o
hand
52
cholangi/o
bile duct
53
chol/e, chol/o
bile, gall
54
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
55
choledoch/o
common bile duct
56
chondr/o
cartilage
57
chori/o, choroid/o
choroid
58
chrom/o, chromat/o
color, stain
59
chron/o
time
60
clasis
breaking
61
clitor/o, clitorid/o
clitoris
62
coccy, coccyg/o
coccyx
63
cochle/o
cochlea (of inner ear)
64
col/o, colon/o
colon
65
colp/o
vagina
66
copro
feces
67
cor/o, cor/e
pupil
68
corne/o
cornea
69
cortic/o
outer portion, cerebral cortex
70
cost/o
rib
71
crani/o
skull, cranium
72
cry/o
cold
73
crypt/o
hidden
74
cus
sound, hearing
75
cycl/o
ciliary body, ciliary muscle (of eye)
76
cyst/o
filled sac or pouch, cyst, bladder, urinary bladder
77
cyt/o
cell
78
dacry/o
tear, lacrimal apparatus
79
dacryocyst/o
lacrimal sac
80
dactyl/o
finger, toe
81
dent/o, dent/i
tooth, teeth
82
derm/o, dermat/o
skin
83
dilation, dilatation
expansion, widening
84
duoden/o
duodenum
85
dynam/o
force, energy
86
ectasia, ectasis
dilation, dilatation, distention
87
edema
accumulation of fluid, swelling
88
electr/o
electricity
89
embry/o
embryo
90
emesis
vomiting
91
encephal/o
brain
92
endocrin/o
endocrine
93
enter/o
intestine
94
epididym/o
epididymis
95
episi/o
vulva
96
erg/o
work
97
erythr/o-
red, red blood cell
98
erythrocyt/o
red blood cell
99
esophag/o
esophagus
100
fasci/o
fascia
101
fer
carry
102
ferr/i, ferr/o
iron
103
fet/o
fetus
104
fibr/o
fiber
105
galact/o
milk
106
gangli/o, ganglion/o
ganglion
107
gastr/o
stomach
108
gen
origin, formation
109
ger/e, ger/o
old age
110
gingiv/o
gum, gingiva
111
gli/o
neuroglia
112
glomerul/o
glomerulus
113
gloss/o
tongue
114
gluc/o
glucose
115
glyc/o
sugar, glucose
116
gnath/o
jaw
117
goni/o
angle
118
gravida
pregnant woman
119
gyn/o, gynec/o
woman
120
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
121
hepat/o
liver
122
hidr/o
sweat, perspiration
123
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
124
hydr/o
water, fluid
125
hypn/o
sleep
126
hypophysi/o
pituitary, hypophysis
127
hyster/o
uterus
128
iatr/o
physician
129
ile/o
ileum
130
ili/o
ilium
131
immun/o
immunity, immune system
132
in/o
fiber, muscle fiber
133
insul/o
pancreatic islets
134
ir, irit/o, irid/o
iris
135
jejun/o
jejunum
136
kali
potassium
137
kary/o
nucleus
138
kerat/o
cornea, keratin, horny layer of skin
139
kin/o, kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o
movement
140
labi/o
lip
141
labyrinth/o
labyrinth (inner ear)
142
lacrim/o
tear, lacrimal apparatus
143
lact/o
milk
144
lapar/o
abdominal wall
145
laryng/o
larynx
146
lent/i
lens
147
leuk/o
white, colorless, white blood cell
148
leukocyt/o
white blood cell
149
lingu/o
tongue
150
lip/o
fat, lipid
151
listhesis
slipping
152
lith
calculus, stone
153
lumb/o
lumbar region, lower back
154
lymphaden/o
lymph node
155
lymphangi/o
lymphatic vessel
156
lymph/o
lymph, lymphatic system, lymphocyte
157
lymph/o, lymphocyt/o
lymphocyte
158
lysis
separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction
159
malacia
softening
160
mamm/o, mast/o
breast, mammary gland
161
mania
excited state, obsession
162
medull/o
inner part, medulla oblongata, spinal cord
163
melan/o
dark, black, melanin
164
mening/o, meninge/o
meninges
165
men/o, mens
month, menstruation
166
metr/o
measure
167
metr/o, metr/i
uterus
168
morph/o
form, structure
169
muc/o
mucus, mucous membrane
170
muscul/o, my/o
muscle
171
myc/o
fungus, mold
172
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
173
myring/o
tympanic membrane
174
myx/o
mucus
175
narc/o
stupor, unconsciousness
176
nas/o
nose
177
nat/i
birth
178
natri
sodium
179
necrosis
death of tissue
180
nephr/o
kidney
181
neur/o, neur/i
nervous system, nerve
182
noct/i
night
183
nucle/o
nucleus
184
nyct/o
night, darkness
185
ocul/o
eye
186
odont/o
tooth, teeth
187
onc/o
tumor
188
onych/o
nail
189
oo
ovum
190
oophor/o
ovary
191
ophthalm/o
eye
192
opt/o
eye, vision
193
orchid/o, orchi/o
testis
194
or/o
mouth
195
osche/o
scrotum
196
osm/o
smell
197
oste/o
bone
198
ot/o
ear
199
ovari/o
ovary
200
ov/o, ovul/o
ovum
201
ox/y
oxygen, sharp, acute
202
palat/o
palate
203
palpebr/o
eyelid
204
pancreat/o
pancreas
205
papill/o
nipple
206
para
woman who as given birth
207
parathyr/o, parathyroid/o
parathyroid
208
paresis
partial paralysis, weakness
209
path/o
disease, any disease of
210
ped/o
foot, child
211
pelvi/o
pelvis
212
perine/o
perineum
213
periton, peritone/o
peritoneum
214
phac/o, phak/o
lens
215
phag/o
eat, ingest
216
pharm, pharmac/o
drug, medicine
217
pharyng/o
pharynx
218
phil
attracting, absorbing
219
phleb/o
vein
220
phobia
fear
221
phon/o
sound, voice
222
phot/o
light
223
phren/o
diaphragm
224
phrenic/o
phrenic nerve
225
phyt/o
plant
226
pituitar/i
pituitary, hypophysis
227
plas
formation, molding, development
228
pleur/o
pleura
229
pneum/o, pneumon/o
lung
230
pod/o
foot
231
proct/o
rectum
232
prostat/o
prostate
233
prote/o
protein
234
psych/o
mind
235
ptosis
dropping, downward displacement, prolapse
236
ptysis
spitting
237
puer
child
238
pulm/o, pulmon/o
lung
239
pupill/o
pupil
240
pyel/o
renal pelvis
241
pylor/o
pylorus
242
py/o
pus
243
pyr/o, pyret/o
fever, fire
244
rachi/o
spine
245
radicul/o
root of spinal nerve
246
radi/o
radiation, x-ray
247
rect/o
rectum
248
ren/o
kidney
249
reticul/o
network
250
retin/o
retina
251
rhabd/o
rod, muscle cell
252
rhin/o
nose
253
sacchar/o
sugar
254
sacr/o
sacrum
255
salping/o
tube, uterine tube, auditory (eustachian) tube
256
schisis
fissure
257
scler/o
hard, sclera (of eye)
258
sclerosis
hardening
259
seb/o
sebum, sebaceous gland
260
semin
semen
261
sept/o
septum, partition, dividing wall
262
sial/o
saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct
263
sider/o
iron
264
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
265
skelet/o
skeleton
266
somat/o
body
267
somn/i, somn/o
sleep
268
son/o
sound, ultrasound
269
spasm
sudden contraction, cramp
270
sperm/i, spermat/o
semen, spermatozoa
271
sphygm/o
pulse
272
spir/o
breathing
273
splen/o
spleen
274
spondyl/o
vertebra
275
staped/o, stapedi/o
stapes
276
stasis
suppression, stoppage
277
steat/o
fatty
278
stenosis
narrowing, constriction
279
steth/o
chest
280
sthen/o
strength
281
stoma, stomat/o
mouth
282
synov/i
synovial joint, synovial membrane
283
tax/o
order, arrangement
284
ten/o, tendin/o
tendon
285
terat/o
malformed fetus
286
test/o
testis, testicle
287
thalam/o
thalamus
288
therm/o
heat, temperature
289
thorac/o
chest, thorax
290
thromb/o
blood clot
291
thrombocyt/o
platelet, thrombocyte
292
thym/o
thymus gland
293
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid
294
toc/o
labor
295
ton/o
tone
296
tonsil/o
tonsil
297
tox/o, toxic/o
poison, toxin
298
trache/o
trachea
299
trich/o
hair
300
trop/o
turning
301
trop
act(ing) on, affect(ing)
302
troph/o
feeding, growth, nourishment
303
tympan/o
tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympanic membrane
304
ureter/o
ureter
305
urethr/o
urethra
306
ur/o
urine, urinary tract
307
urin/o
urine
308
uter/o
uterus
309
uve/o
uvea (of eye)
310
uvul/o
uvula
311
vagin/o
sheath, vagina
312
valv/o, valvul/o
valve
313
varic/o
twisted and swollen vein, varix
314
vascul/o
vessel
315
vas/o
vessel, duct, vas deferens
316
ven/o, ven/i
vein
317
ventricul/o
cavity, ventricle
318
vertebr/o
vertebra, spinal column
319
vesic/o
urinary bladder
320
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
321
vestibul/o
vestibule, vestibular apparatus (of ear)
322
vir/o
virus
323
vulv/o
vulva
324
xen/o
foreign, strange
