Appendix A: Disorders of Sleep and Wakefulness

Question 1

(Type of circadian rhythm sleep disorder) unable to stay awake in the evening and
consistently awakens very early or also known as the “early birds or larks”;

Answer 1

Advance sleep phase sleep disorder

Question 2

medical management of circadian which Use of bright light to manipulate the circadian system.

Answer 2

Luminotherapy

Question 3

a complaint of poor sleep quality that does not leave the individual rested upon awakening despite adequate duration.

Answer 3

nonrestorative sleep

Question 4

during the transition from sleep to wakefulness. (Hypersomnolence)

Answer 4

hypnopompic hallucinations

Question 5

Repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction (common in obese)

Answer 5

obstructive sleep apnea

Question 6

Deepest sleep state

Answer 6

NREM State N3 (Slow wave sleep)

Question 7

when the child must have specific stimulation, objects, or setting for falling asleep, or returning to sleep

Answer 7

behavioral insomnia of childhood

Question 8

Predisposing neurotransmitter factor for narcolepsy (same with circadian)

Answer 8

hypocretin

Question 9

Sx last at least 1 month but less than
3 months.

Answer 9

Episodic

Question 10

Is a condition of excessive sleepiness
characterized by either prolonged sleep periods at night or daytime sleep episodes occurring nearly every day. Sx. Drunkenness

Answer 10

Hypersomnolence disorder

Question 11

In what criterion The Coexisting mental disorders and medical conditions do not adequately explain the predominant complaint
of insomnia.

Answer 11

Criterion H

Question 12

sleep paralysis + hallucinations typically occur during sleep.

Answer 12

hypnagogic hallucinations

Question 13

subtypes of circadian rhythm sleep disorders

Answer 13

Delayed sleep phase, jet lag, shift work, unspecified

Question 14

when the individual thinks they are awake or are not sleeping even though brain wave activity is consistent with normal sleep

Answer 14

paradoximal insomnia

Question 15

Deepest stage of sleep; differs
in delta waves

Answer 15

STAGE 3 & 4

Question 16

In what criterion The insomnia is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g. a drug of abuse, a medication)

Answer 16

Criterion G

Question 17

(parasomnias) repeated episodes of complex motor behavior initiated during sleep, including getting out of bed and waking around. most often in children age 4-8yrs

Answer 17

sleepwalking disorder

Question 18

are more than 2x as likely as the
gen population to have a fatigue-related motor vehicle accident; those who sleep less than 5 hours per night may have a higher death rate.

Answer 18

insomniacs

Question 19

Involves conditioned arousal associated with the thought of sleep. Includes excessive worry about sleep problems

Answer 19

psychophysiological insomnia

Question 20

In what criterion The sleep difficulty occurs despite adequate opportunity to sleep.

Answer 20

Criterion E

Question 21

Is characterized by sudden, uncontrolled
attacks of deep sleep lasting up to 20 mins.
* These “sleep attacks” come without warning and may be accompanied by paralysis and hallucinations.

Answer 21

Narcolepsy

Question 22

In what stage occurs as a person falls asleep; easily awakened by sound, light, and other stimuli; accounts 5% for approximately 5% of an adult’s total sleep time and generally last around 10 to 15 mins.

Answer 22

Stage 1

Question 23

(parasomnias) repeated occurence o frightening dreams that lead to waking from sleep

Answer 23

nightmare disorder

Question 24

hypoventilation resulting in low arterial oxygen levels (common in obese)

Answer 24

central alveolar hypoventilation

Question 25

A diagnostic exam for hypersomnolence which reveals short sleep latency, long sleep duration and a normal sleep pattern.

Answer 25

polysomnography

Question 26

what are the stages of sleep?

Answer 26

stage N1, N2, N3, R

Question 27

in what criterion in insomnia disorder does A predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality, associated with 1 or more of the following Sx

Answer 27

Criterion A

Question 28

Sx last 3 months or longer.

Answer 28

Persistent

Question 29

In what criterion does The sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, educational, academic, behavioral, or other important areas of functioning.

Answer 29

criterion b

Question 30

Involves early-morning awakening with an inability to return to sleep.

Answer 30

late insomnia

Question 31

Sleep is easily interrupted or prevented by-

Answer 31

noise, light, and other external stimuli.

Question 32

2 or more episodes within the space of 1 year.

Answer 32

Recurrent

Question 33

Relatively light stage of sleep; comprises approximately 50% of total sleep time; muscle relax more as the body prepares for deep sleep.

Answer 33

Stage 2

Question 34

In what stage does Deep sleep or the Rapid Eye Movement Sleep; Darting eye movements, muscle twitching and short, rapid brain waves resembling those seen during the waking state; usually begins about 90 mins. after onset, over the course of the night, REM periods lengthen; overall REM sleep accounts for 20% to 25% of total sleep time. Scientist believe, "most story- like dreams take place during REM sleep. People awakened from REM sleep commonly report vivid dreams.

Answer 34

Stage 5

Question 35

(For hypersomnolence) Difficulty maintaining daytime alertness 1 - 2 days per week.

Answer 35

mild

Question 36

or middle insomnia; involves frequent or prolonged awakenings throughout the night.

Answer 36

Sleep Maintenance Insomnia

Question 37

(Type of circadian rhythm sleep disorder) or "the night owls; trouble falling asleep until early hours of morning and ends up sleeping through the day;

Answer 37

Delayed sleep phase sleep disorder

Question 38

Sleep-wake disorder is infamously known as-

Answer 38

sleeping disorder

Question 40

The dissatisfaction with sleep quantity or quality

Answer 40

insomnia

Question 41

(Type of circadian rhythm sleep rhythm sleep disorder) experience a sleep-wake cycle that does not correlate with a typical 24-hour environment

Answer 41

Non-24-hour-sleep-wake pattern disorder

Question 42

a lifelong inability to obtain adequate sleep.

Answer 42

Idiopathic insomnia

Question 43

episodic cessation of ventilation without airway obstruction (Common in elderly)

Answer 43

central sleep apnea

Question 44

In what criterion The insomnia is not better explained by and does not occur exclusively during the courses of another sleep-wake disorder (e.g. Narcolepsy, a breathing-related sleep disorder, a circadian rhythm sleep disorder, a parasomnia).

Answer 44

Criterion F

Question 45

medical management for circadian rhythm sleep disorder which manipulates patient's sleep by progressively delaying bedtime by one or more hours each night until the patient can go to sleep and wake up at appropriate times.; commonly used to treat delayed sleep phase.

Answer 45

Chronotherapy

Question 46

Heartbeat and breathing slow down further

Answer 46

NREM Stage N2 (light sleep)

Question 47

In what criterion The sleep difficulty is present for at least 3 months.

Answer 47

Criterion D

Question 48

In what criterion The sleep difficulty occurs at least 3 nights per week.

Answer 48

Criterion C

Question 49

A natural state if rest during which muscle movement and awareness of surroundings diminish.

Answer 49

sleep

Question 50

insomnia can be? (3)

Answer 50

episodic, persistent or recurrent

Question 51

Heartbeat and breathing slow down

Answer 51

NREM stage N1 (Falling Asleep)

Question 52

(parasomnias) repeated occurrence of abrupt awakenings from sleep associated with a panicky scream or cry

Answer 52

sleep terror disorder

Question 53

(for hypersomnolence) Difficulty maintaining daytime alertness 3 - 4 days per week.

Answer 53

moderate

Question 54

(Type of circadian rhythm sleep disorder) night shift work or frequently changing shift work causes insomnia; suffers chronic sleep disruptions.

Answer 54

shift work sleep disorder

Question 55

The five categorized of sleep and wakefulness disorders

Answer 55

insomnia, hypersomnia, parasomnias, sleep-related breathing disorders, and circadian rhythm disorder

Question 56

most common cause of persistent insomnia.

Answer 56

Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety

Question 57

or initial insomnia; involves difficulty initiating sleep at bedtime.

Answer 57

sleep Onset Insomnia

Question 58

Medical management for hypersomnolence which a Self medicating with caffeine.

Answer 58

Java jolt therapy

Question 59

(For hypersomnolence) Difficulty maintaining daytime alertness 5 - 7 days per week.

Answer 59

severe

Question 60

medical management for insomnia disorder

Answer 60

Relaxation technique, sleep hygiene, CBT,

Question 61

Patient's internal sleep-wake pattern is out of sync with the demands of work schedule, travel requirements or social activities – that result is insomnia and sleepiness. refers to biological rhythms with a cycle of about 24 hours; "the body clock”.

Answer 61

Circadian rhythm sleep disorder

Question 62

characterised by abnormal behavioral or psychological events associated with sleep, specific sleep stages, or sleep wake transition.

Answer 62

parasomnias

Question 63

the person may become preoccupied with getting enough sleep. The more the patient tries to sleep, the greater the sense of frustration thus elusive sleep becomes.

Answer 63

persistent insomnia

Question 64

Engaging in behaviors not conductive to sleep or interfering directly with sleep. Ex. Taking caffeine

Answer 64

inadequate sleep hygiene

Question 65

primary dreaming stage

Answer 65

REM stage R