Appliances

Question 1

Difference between passive and active removable appliances?

Answer 1

Psssive - don’t move teeth

Active- move teeth

Question 2

List 3 passive removable appliances?

Answer 2

Coverplate
Space maintainer
Retainer

Question 3

List 2 active removable appliances

Answer 3

Functional appliance

Aligners

Question 4

Name 4 components of removable appliances?

Answer 4

Active
Retentive
Anchorage
Baseplate

Question 5

Describe the function of each component of removable appliances

Answer 5

Active - the component that moves the teeth

Retentive - the component that keeps the appliance in the mouth

Anchorage - the component that provides anchorage to teeth being moved

Baseplate - attaches everything together

Question 6

What type of movement do most removable appliances cause?

Answer 6

Tipping

Question 7

Advantages fo removable appliances?

Answer 7

Can be removed for cleaning
Relatively cheap
Very useful for limited applications

Question 8

Disadvantages of removable appliances

Answer 8

Compliance
Poor oral hygiene = plaque retentive
Limited tooth movements - can only tip = no intrusion/extrusion, rotation
Lower is generally poorly tolerated

Question 9

What criteria must patients meet to be selected for removable appliances?

Answer 9

Well-motivated
Good oral hygiene
No active caries
Good cooperation

Question 10

What is a coverplate?

Answer 10

Passive removable appliance used post-surgical exposure of attached gingiva to maintain the dressing and aid healing

Question 11

How should you manage a patient in practice is they have a coverplate?

Answer 11

Should not be removed

Stays in place for 10-14 days after surgery

Question 12

Function of space maintaners?

Answer 12

Maintain space after early tooth loss for room for prosthesis or room for successor tooth

Question 13

Most common type of retainer used?

Answer 13

Essix

Question 14

Advantages of essix retainers

Answer 14

Quick and cheap
Good aesthetic
Less impact on speech
Effective - stop rotations especially

Question 15

Disadvatages fo essix retainers?

Answer 15

Not durable, OH critical, can’t eat or drink with them in, easily lost

Question 16

Describe Hawley retainers

Answer 16

Acrylic baseplate with adams clasps

Question 17

Advantages of Hawley retainers

Answer 17

More durable than essix, allow settling of teeth

Question 18

Disadvantages of Hawley retainers

Answer 18

Compliance (more bulky), not as well fitting - mat allow relapse, more expensive

Question 19

Advantages of fixed retainers?

Answer 19

Full time, compliance, good for rotations

Question 20

Disadvantages of bonded retainers

Answer 20

Breakage, difficult to repair, hard for overbite in upper, OH difficult

Question 21

How long should you advice patients to wear retainers?

Answer 21

Indefinitely

Question 22

What are functional appliances?

Answer 22

Removable or fixed appliances that use forces generated by stretching muscles, fascia and/or periodontium to alter skeletal and dental relationships

Question 23

When are functional appliances used?

Answer 23

Usually class II malocclusion

Question 24

What is the most common type of fucntional appliance?

Answer 24

Twin block

Question 25

HOw do functional appliances work for class II malocclusion?

Answer 25

Posture mandible forward, this generate forces to pull mandible distally which put forces of lower twin block onto upper twinblock, this pulls maxillary teeth posterior and anterior forward (procline)

Question 26

What role do GDPs have in terms of functional appliances?

Answer 26

OHI Motivation - difficult to wear Appropriate referral

Question 27

What is an appropriate referral for functional appliances?

Answer 27

Active growth - F = 11-13, M = 12-14 Class II OJ > 6mm

Question 28

Advantages of fixed appliances?

Answer 28

Better for complex cases Bodily movement Compliance is less of an issue Does not effect speech

Question 29

Disadvantages of fixed appliances?

Answer 29

Need very good OH Diet restrictions Cause root resorption Need skill/training

Question 30

Components of fixed applainces?

Answer 30

``` Bracket (on tooth) Archwire - flexible or rigid Ligature (wire tie) Molar bond Auxiliaries - elastics, springs ```

Question 31

Role of GDPs in fixed appliance

Answer 31

``` Prevention (OHI) - interdental brushes Diet advice Repair Extractions Retainers ```