Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI > Applied Nutrition > Flashcards

Applied Nutrition Flashcards

(39 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What equation is used to predict BEE?

A

Harris Benedict Equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When should more calories be given?

A
  1. peritonitis
  2. trauma
  3. sepsis/ multiple traumas
  4. burns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When should more fluids be given?

A
  1. gastric losses
  2. wound drainage
  3. Ileostomy drainage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What medications lead to increased electrolyte requirements?

A

Diuretics
Cisplatin
Amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are causes of GI losses?

A
  1. nasogastric suctioning
  2. vomiting
  3. high ostomy or fistula output
  4. diarrhea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When should sodium be decreased?

A
  1. HF
  2. edema
  3. corticosteroids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When should potassium, phosphorous, and sodium be decreased?

A

renal dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is it difficult to have toxicity from water-soluble vitamins?

A

extensively renally cleared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the cause of Wernicke’s?

A

B1 (thiamine deficiency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the dosage regimen for treatment of wernicke’s?

A

500mg TID for 3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does thiamine deficiency in infants lead to?

A

beriberi –> HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are complications of B2 (riboflavin) deficiency?

A
  1. mucositis, cheilosis
  2. photophobia, night blindness
  3. decreased tearing (infants)
  4. birth defects (cleft lip, transverse limbs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are complications of B3 (niacin) deficiency?

A
  1. pellagra (raw skin)
  2. digestive system
  3. nervous system (disorientation/ memory loss)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can induce vitamin B3 deficiency?

A

chronic Isoniazid use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are complications with B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency?

A
  1. limb numbness/ weakness
  2. confusion
  3. irritability
  4. seizures
  5. glossitis
  6. cheilosis
  7. dermatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are causes of B6 deficiency?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. atrophic gastritis
  2. alcohol abuse
  3. liver dysfunction
  4. RA
  5. sickle cell
  6. celiac
  7. Isoniazid
17
Q

What vitamin deficiency is always checked with worsening mental status in the elderly because presentation is identical to Alzheimers/dementia?

Study These Flashcards
A

vitamin B12 (cyanocobalmin) deficiency

18
Q

How is B12 deficiency monitored?

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute: high MCV, B12 level
Chronic: methylmalonic acid, homocystine

19
Q

What should be done if a patient cannot absorb B12?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. give intrinsic factor
  2. SL instead of oral
20
Q

What does folic acid deficiency cause?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. megaloblastic anemia
  2. diarrhea
  3. neural tube defects
21
Q

What can cause folic acid deficiency?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. alcohol use
  2. diuretics
  3. phenytoin
  4. sulfasalazine
  5. methotrexate
22
Q

What are complications of Vitamin C deficiency?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. fatigue
  2. muscle pain
  3. infections
  4. decreased wound healing
  5. gingivitis
23
Q

What is needed to absorb fat-soluble vitamins?

24
Q

What are complications of vitamin A deficiency?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. xerophthalmia –> Bitot’s spots
  2. night blindness
  3. infections
25
Why is vitamin A CI in dialysis?
nephrotoxic
26
What is the dose of vitamin D for deficiency?
600 IU daily 800 IU daily in elderly
27
How is vitamin D supplemented in kidney failure/ dialysis?
active form must be used
28
What can vitamin E deficiency lead to?
1. shorten lifespan of RBCs 2. neuropathy
29
What does vitamin K deficiency lead to?
prolonged clotting time
30
Why does every baby get a vitamin K injection within 1 hour of birth?
to prevent hemorrhagic disease of newborn
31
What are signs of copper toxicity?
cardiac/ renal failure hepatic necrosis
32
What agent is used to manage copper toxicity?
penicillamine (chelating agent)
33
What are signs of zinc deficiency?
taste changes decreased wound healing
34
What are signs of selenium deficiency?
cardiomyopathy leading to HF
35
What are signs of selenium toxicity?
nail changes peripheral neuropathy
36
What are signs of chromium deficiency?
glucose intolerance
37
What are signs of manganese toxicity?
Parkinson's like symptoms
38
What vitamin deficiencies can achlorhydria lead to?
calcium iron
39
What vitamin deficiencies can atrophic gastritis lead to?
B6 B12 folic acid

GI (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions