Applying Mendel's principle

Question 1

probability

Answer 1

is the liklehood that a particular event will occur.

Question 2

What is the Law of Segregation?

Answer 2

The Law of Segregation states that two alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation, so each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.

Question 3

What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

Answer 3

The Law of Independent Assortment states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes.

Question 4

What is a Punnett Square?

Answer 4

• A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing all possible combinations of alleles.
• It uses mathemitical probability to help predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses.

Question 5

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Answer 5

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism (e.g., TT, Tt, tt), while phenotype refers to the physical traits that are expressed (e.g., tall or short plants).

Question 6

What is the expected phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross?

Answer 6

The expected phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross (two heterozygous parents) is 9:3:3:1:

• 9 for dominant traits in both genes
• 3 for dominant in one gene, recessive in the other
• 3 for recessive in one gene, dominant in the other
• 1 for recessive traits in both genes

Question 7

What is homozygous?

Answer 7

An organism is homozygous for a trait if it has two identical alleles (e.g., TT or tt).

Question 8

What is heterozygous?

Answer 8

An organism is heterozygous for a trait if it has two different alleles (e.g., Tt).

Question 9

What does a monohybrid cross show?

Answer 9

A monohybrid cross shows the inheritance of a single trait (e.g., flower color)

Question 10

How does probability relate to genetics?

Answer 10

Probability is used to predict the chances of a particular genetic outcome, such as the likelihood of offspring inheriting certain traits.