The Work of Gregor Mendel Flashcards
(21 cards)
Genetics
The scientific of biological inheritance
Fertilization
During sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive cells join in the process into a tiny embryo encased with a seed.
Self-pollinating
Pea-flowers are normally mostly self-pollinating, which means that sperm fertilize egg cells from within the same flower.
So all the traits from the parent is passed to the offspring.
Trait
is a specific characteristic
Cross-Pollination
It prevents true-breedings. Mendel cutted away the away the pollen bearing male parts of a flower. Then he dusted the pollen from a different plant into the female part of that flower.
Hybrid
The off-spring of crosses between parents with different contrasting characteristics
P1
We call the parents the parental generation.
Where does the an organism get its unique characteristics?
An individual’s characteristics is determined by factor(genes) that are passed from one parental generation to the next.
Alleles
different forms of a single allele
Principle of Domaninance
It states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive. An organism with both a dominant and recessive allele for a particular trait will express the dominant allele
Pea Trait mendel studied
Pod color
flower color
seed color
seed shape
pod shape
flower position
plant height
Seed shape
D: round
R: wrinkled
seed color
D: yellow
R: green
Flower color
D: purple
R: White
Pod shape
D: smooth
R: constricted
flower positions
D: axial
R: terminal
plant height
D: tall
R: short
pod color
D: green
R: yellow
The F1 cross
When Mendel examined the f3 cross he discovered that recessive traits had reappeared.
Segregation
Sepperation of alleles during gamete formation
Law of Segregtion
During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other, so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene
