Approaches Flashcards

Question

The psychodynamic approach cannot be falsified. Why?

Answer 1

For example, the id and the oedipus complex are said to occur at an unconscious level meaning that they are difficult, if not impossible, to test. This means the psychodynamic approach is classed as a pseudoscience.

Answer 2

Freud developed psychoanalysis which involves a range of techniques used to assess the unconscious. Psychoanalysis is used to treat many patients with mental health problems. The fact that this approach has led to the development of a therapy which is effective for some individuals suggests that the unconscious is involved in our thoughts, feelings and behaviour.

Answer 3

It suggests that all human behaviour is caused by unconscious conflicts that we cannot control. This removes the notion of free will as it suggests that people do not have a choice over their behaviour. This goes against the beliefs that alot of us hold about the decisions we make and may mean that people are not as accountable for their behaviour as society would like them to be.

Answer 4

1. Behaviourist approach 2. Social learning theory

Answer 5

A consequence of behaviour which increased the likelihood of the behaviour being repeated, can be positive ot negative

Answer 6

A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable and in terms of learning

Answer 7

1. All behaviour is leaned from experience - "tabula rasa" and learning occurs through classical and operant conditioning 2. Only interested in studying behaviour that can be observed or measured 3. Lab experiments to try and gain control and objectivity in their research 4. Humans can be replaced by animals for testing products

Answer 8

. Learning through association - first demonstrated by Pavlov . Conditioned to salivate at the sound of bell when providing food . Gradually, the dogs associated the bell with food and salivate when they heard the sound . Able to show a neutral stimulus that can elicit a conditioned response through association

Answer 9

. UCS >>> UCR . NS + UCS >>> CS . CS >>> CR * use full words then abbreviations in 8/16 mark questions

Answer 10

Learning through reinforcement and consequences Active process

Answer 11

Receiving a reward for behaviour

Answer 12

Avoidance of bad stimulus that is viewed as punishment

Answer 13

An unpleasant consequence of behaviour Not a type of reinforcement Reduces liklihood of behaviour being repeated

Answer 14

Device used to record an animals activity in specific time frames Rewarding rat with food pellet when lever is pressed Negative reinforcement- electrocution floor if lever not pressed, it would stop Avoidance Alot of repetition Always giving out electric shocks

Answer 15

A way of explaining behaviour that includes both direct and indirect reinforcement, combining learning theory with the role of cognitive factors

Answer 16

Copying the behavior of others

Answer 17

When an observer associated themselves with a role model and wants to be like the role model.

Answer 18

Imitating the behaviour of a role model OR modelling the precise demonstration of a specific behaviour that might be imitated by an observer

Answer 19

Cognitive factors i.e. thinking that influence learning and come between a stimulus and response

Answer 20

The extent to which we notice certain behaviour

Answer 21

How well a behavior is remembered

Answer 22

The ability of the observer to perform a behaviour.

Answer 23

The will to perform a behaviour, which is often determined by whether the behaviour was rewarded or punished.

Answer 24

Reinforcement which is not directly experienced but occurs through observing someone else being reinforced for a behaviour.

Approaches Flashcards

(48 cards)