APT Exam Flashcards
1
Q
_______________________ is the term defined as the set of knowledge and skills that a social worker must develop in order to be effective with multicultural clients.
A
Cultural Competence
2
Q
What do we bring to every professional encounter?
A
our own cultural background
3
Q
The culturally competent social worker…?
A
- learns about other cultures
- shares information about community resources with clients
- is not afraid to ask questions of clients
- acknowledges cultural differences
- all of these options *
4
Q
Racism is?
A
discriminatory behavior on the part of the individual
5
Q
Institutional racism is?
A
discriminatory structures or policies in society
6
Q
Discrimination is?
A
unfair treatment because of negative attitudes/beliefs
7
Q
In a/n _____________the client is in the center of a large circle; around the outside are other circles that represent elements in the client’s biopsychosocial environment.
A
Ecomap
8
Q
A/n _______________ is an assessment tool that includes an illustration of the chronological description of a family across several generations.
A
Genogram
9
Q
The inclusive definition of multiculturalism believes that:
A
the definition of multiculturalism includes race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, age, and socioeconomic status
10
Q
A culturally competent social worker is one who believes:
A
equal treatment may be discriminatory treatment
11
Q
Multicultural social work practice can be defined as both a helping role and process that uses which of the following:
A
defines goals consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of clients
12
Q
When social workers unwittingly impose monocultural standards without regard for differences in race, culture, gender, and sexual orientation, they may be engaging in:
A
cultural oppression
13
Q
The ecological systems perspective can best be described in which of the following statements?
A
The ecological systems perspective describes the adaptive transactions between persons and their environment
14
Q
The strengths perspective can best be described in which of the following statements?
A
struggles, abuse, and illness may be injuries but can be a source of challenge and opportunity to learn new adaptive and coping skills.
15
Q
Critical consciousness means which of the following?
A
An understanding and awareness of the impact of sociopolitical and economic factors that contribute to the existence of social problems in the lives of multicultural clients.
16
Q
The concept of “social location” does not mean which of the following?
A
geographic location
17
Q
What is cognitive empathy?
A
acquiring practical knowledge concerning the scope and nature of diverse clients’ cultural backgrounds
18
Q
Which of the following is likely to be a perspective of a culturally competent helping professional?
A
the role of the social worker should be broad and include teaching, consulting, and advocacy.
19
Q
Which of the following is NOT a guiding principle for effective multicultural counseling and therapy?
A
multicultural social work includes all groups except heterosexual white males because this is the group upon which all norms are based
20
Q
One important concept of developing appropriate intervention strategies is to:
A
build on strengths of a community and empower clients in their ability to help themselves
21
Q
The National Association of Social Workers defines cultural competence as:
A
the process by which individuals and systems respond respectfully and effectively to people of all cultures, languages, classes, races, ethnic backgrounds, religions, and other diversity factors in a manner that recognizes, affirms, and values the dignity of each.
22
Q
What is the element that can destroy trustworthiness within a helping relationship?
A
defensiveness
23
Q
Enhancing trustworthiness between a social worker and a client is a building block to a healthy working relationship. Which social worker characteristics work to build trust?
A
openness, sincerity, confidentiality, genuineness
24
Q
Which of the following statements are true of “microaggressions?”
A
- there is a differential in status and power represented in these exchanges
- are acts of racism and oppression
- can be intentional or unintentional -
- communicate hostile and derogatory slights and insults
- all of the above *
25
What has been found regarding racism and White identity?
women are less likely than men to be racist
26
Which of the following has been described as a challenge faced by social workers in treating culturally diverse populations?
- linguistic barriers because the U.S. is largely a monolingual society
- understanding the world views, cultural values, and life circumstances of clients
- because of concrete client needs, the necessity to be more than a "psychotherapist"
* all of these are true *
27
Which of the following has been described as the three major categories of cultural barriers that can lead to an ineffective helping relationship with culturally diverse clients?
Culture-bound values, language variables, and class bound values
28
When working with diverse clients, how should a client's lack of self-disclosure be understood?
the client is uncomfortable with self disclosure because the counselor is a stranger
29
Understanding human behavior to be the result of interactions of biological, psychological, and social systems is known as the:
biopsychosocial approach
30
Understanding human behavior as changing configurations of person and environment over time is the:
multidimensional approach
31
An approach to human behavior that recognizes the influence of age and each person as having a unique long-term pattern of stability and change and acknowledges the commonalities of shared social, cultural, and historical contexts is the:
life course perspective
32
A perspective that is concerned with how internal processes such as needs, drives, and emotions motivate human behavior is known as the:
psychodynamic perspective
33
The assumption that learning takes place as individuals interact with their environments is related to the:
social behavioral perspective
34
An approach that sees human behavior as based on freedom of action of the individual and focuses on the human search for meaning:
humanistic perspective
35
An approach to human behavior that draws attention to conflict, dominance, and oppression in social life.
conflict perspective
36
True or False: There is an association of poor health outcomes in all body systems with low income, low education, unsanitary housing, inadequate health care, unstable employment, and unsafe physical environments.
True
37
A systematic pattern of thought, action, and problem solving that is an internalized representation of the world is
Schema
38
True or False: Emotion is always an unconscious experience.
False
39
A feeling disposition that is stable, less intense, and less tied to a specific situation is
mood
40
A constant, unchanging self, existing apart from its material environment and material body, perhaps transcending the life of the physical body is
the self as soul
41
Based on the humanistic perspective the self as a flow of experience is
the self in process, the changing self
42
True or False: Learning how to use significant relationships with other people is a key to the process of successful coping and adaptation.
True
43
Any event in which environmental or internal demands tax the adaptive resources of an individual is called:
Stress
44
Systems that involve direct face-to-face contact among members are known as:
Microsystems
45
? Interconnections within personal networks are known as:
Exosystems ?
46
A universal aspect of human existence which is an integral, centering process underlying the formation of beliefs, values and meanings is called:
faith
47
A person's search for a sense of meaning and morally fulfilling relationships between oneself, others, and the universe is called:
spirituality
48
Sally recently experience a date rape that has left her feeling helpless and terrified. How would you define her current psychological state?
traumatic stress
49
When a person approaches a stressful situation by acting on the environment, this is what type of coping?
problem-focused coping
50
When a person experiences a set of symptoms that include persistently reliving an event, avoiding stimuli associated with the event, and containing to have a persistent high state of arousal this is called:
post-traumatic stress disorder
51
The interpersonal interactions and relationships that provide us with assistance or feelings of attachment to persons we perceive as caring are called:
social support
52
Any event in which environmental or internal demands tax the adaptive resources of an individual is called:
stress
53
Which factor suggests that individuals will experience negative health effects?
socioeconomic status
54
The interrelated lives of the McKinley family as well as the impact of external factors such as job insecurity, health care issues, and cultural gender and role definitions that influence their their individual behaviors and affect the family's general well-being can be well explained using concepts from the:
systems theory
55
An individual's participation in a support group for heart attack survivors has helped him modify some of his views about his situation by encouraging a solution-focused approach to his concerns. This is an example of the:
social constructionist perspective
56
Ruth is entering into her late old age and struggles with chronic illnesses and losses. This is an example of the:
developmental perspective
57
A theory that guides our practice interventions towards building on client strengths is:
feminist theory
58
The patterning of spiritual beliefs and practice into social institutions, with community support and traditions maintained over time is called:
religion
59
A person's conscious or preconscious thinking processes are:
cognition
60
A feeling state that is characterized by our appraisal of a stimulus, by changes in bodily sensations, and by displays of expressive gestures is:
emotion
61
What is the DSM-5?
a medical perspective to human functioning
62
Which of the following theories present the key idea that the physical environment is a source of sensory information essential for human well-being?
Stimulation theory
63
Which of the following theories present the key idea that humans desire to manage their physical environments?
Control Theory
64
Which of the following theories present the key idea that consistent, uniform patterns of action occur in particular settings?
Behavior Settings Theory
65
The tendency to elevate the social and cultural processes of one’s own society over others’ is known as
ethnocentrism
66
A verbal or nonverbal representation that stands for something is a
symbol
67
An emotional or affective and stylistic dimension of behavior or how we feel about ourselves and the world can be defined as
ethos
68
A cognitive concept of nature, of self, of society that gives an idea of reality is a:
worldview
69
A set of interrelated social institutions developed by human beings to impose constraints on human interaction for the purpose of the survival and well-being of the collectivity is a:
social structure
70
Patterned ways of organizing social relations in a particular sector of social life can be defined as:
social institutions
71
Promoting interdependence as well as dealing with issues of dependence is some of the functions of which social institution?
social welfare
72
An approach where the social worker focuses on understanding the family system over time and proposes normative changes and tasks at different stages is which of the following?
family life cycle perspective
73
A model used by social workers to understand stressor events and crises in families, as well as understanding the family’s resources and family definitions and beliefs is
ABC-X model of family stress and coping
74
The ABCX model describes a family transition process following a stressful event and assesses for possible outcomes. When there is a permanent deterioration in the family’s functioning following a crisis this is considered to be:
maladaptation
75
According to the ABC-X model of family stress and coping, when a family experiences the birth of a first child this is an example of a:
normative stress
76
According to the ABC-X model of family stress and coping, when the father in the family loses his job after 20 years of working for the same company this is an example of a:
nonnormative stress
77
The ABCX model describes a family transition process following a stressful event and assesses for possible outcomes. When the family improves their level of functioning over and above the previous level this is considered to be:
bonadaptation
78
Ecofeminism views:
the oppression of women and the domination of nature as interconnected
79
_____________ is technology developed and used to support individuals with disabilities to perform functions that might otherwise be difficult or impossible:
assistive technology
80
A portion of the environment that is influenced by geological and nonhuman biological forces is the:
natural environment
81
The ethos and world view of a particular people, how they construct and employ meanings that guide their perceptions and behaviors in multiple contexts refers to a society's:
culture
82
An emotional or affective and stylistic dimension of behavior or how we feel about things can be defined as:
ethos
83
A term originally used to explain people on welfare, poor single parents, and other problems of poverty or inner cities is:
culture of poverty
84
A process of culture change in which the cultural uniqueness of the minority is abandoned and its members try to blend invisibly into the dominant culture is defined as:
assimilation
85
A process of culture change that involves a nonmajority group or member mastering both the dominant culture and their own is defined as:
bicultural socialization
86
Regulating procreation and conducting initial socialization are some of the functions of which social institution?
family and kinship
87
Maintaining and enforcing societal rules, resolving internal and external conflicts, and mobilizing collective resources to meet societal goals are the functions of which social institution?
government and politics
88
When a social worker uses a graphic picture of the family history to get an idea of the extend family's patterns of relationships this is called a:
genogram
89
An approach where the social worker focuses on relationships within the family rather than on individual family members is which of the following?
family systems perspective
90
When a social worker depicts family relationships with the use of circles, lines, and arrows that help to identify external sources of stress, conflict, and social support this is called an:
ecomap
91
When a social worker uses the ________________ it widens his/her theoretical framework to include the larger systems in which the family system is embedded.
multilevel family practice model
92
As discussed in class, the text identifies the following three major challenges to family life:
family violence, divorce, substance abuse
93
Social workers who approach family situations assuming that current personal and interpersonal problems are the result of unresolved problems in the family of origin is which of the following?
psychodynamic perspective on families
94
A theory which proposes that families should not be studied as whole systems because such attention results in failure to attend to patterns of dominance, subjugation, and oppression in families describes which of following?
feminist perspective on families
95
A theory which is an extension of the family stress and coping perspective which seeks to identify and strengthen processes that allow families to bear up under and rebound from distressing life experiences is which of the following?
family resilience perspective
96
When family members learn to own and recognize their feelings and beliefs achieving some independence while staying connected to other family members, this is known as:
differentiation of self
97
When the main purpose of a group is to assist individuals to resolve emotional and behavioral problems it is a:
therapy group
98
When the main purpose of a group is to accomplish a specific task or to advocate around a particular social issue or problem it is a:
task group
99
When the main purpose of a group is for the provision of information about an experience or problem it is a:
psychoeducational group
100
When the main purpose of a group is to create a helping environment within the group milieu it is a:
mutual aid group
101
When the main purpose of a group is to use the commonality of the problem or issue to build social support among members it is a:
self help group
102
Melinda is a part of a local city committee to examine the possibility of building a homeless shelter. This is an example of what kind of group?
task group
103
Mary is part of group that is providing her with information on communication techniques and teaching her how to be more assertive. This is an example of what kind of group?
psychoeducational group
104
Gloria belongs to a community group for cancer survivors. This is an example of what kind of group?
mutual aid group
105
Diana belongs to a women’s group for survivors of abuse, which is sponsored by the local Child and Family Support Center, to resolve her emotional trauma associated with her abusive experience. This is an example of what type of group?
therapy group
106
A group which has a defined purpose and is developed through the efforts of outsiders represent the dimension of what kind of group structure?
formed group
107
Groups that develop in a spontaneous manner on the basis of friendship or location represent the dimension of what kind of group structure?
natural group
108
Groups where there is one set time for termination represents the dimension of what kind of group structure?
time-limited group
109
Groups where there is no defined endpoint represents the dimension of what kind of group structure?
ongoing group
110
Groups that permit the addition of new members throughout the group’s life are an:
open group
111
Groups that determine ahead the minimum and maximum size of the group are a:
closed group
112
A theory which builds on social identity theory by suggesting that people divide the world into in-groups and out-groups and are more influenced by the in-groups to which they belong is:
self-categorization theory
113
Overall group development exhibits patterns of interactions that can be characterized by leadership, roles, and communication networks is:
group dynamics
114
Which of the following is BEST described as a collectivity of people with a high degree of formality of structure who work together to meet a goal or goals?
formal organization
115
When the main purpose of a group is for the provision of information about an experience or problem it is a:
psychoeducational group
116
A theory which asserts that social power is what determines who gets valued resources in groups and also influences people's expectations of others' abilities is:
exchange theory
117
Diana belongs to a women's group for survivors of abuse, which is sponsored by the local Child and Family Support, to resolve her emotional trauma associated with her abusive experience. This is an example of what type of group?
Therapy group
118
Which of the following perspectives has a major theme focused on the assumption that an organization is in constant interaction with multiple environments?
systems perspective
119
Which of the following perspectives has a basic premise that organizations provide members with a sense of connection and are creations of human consciousness and reflect the worldviews of the creators and is a social construction of reality?
interpretive perspective
120
Which of the following perspectives has a basic premise that organizations are instruments of domination?
critical perspective
121
____________ is a "prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job"
burnout
122
People bound either by geograpy or by webs of communication, sharing common ties, and interacting with one another BEST defines which of the following?
community
123
Community based on voluntary interaction is defined as a:
relational community
124
Community based on geography or territory is defined as a:
territorial community
125
A key idea that social movements often rely on elite allies is associated with which of the following perspectives?
political opportunities perspective
126
A key idea that social movements must actively participate in the naming of grievances and injustices is associated with which of the following perspectives?
cultural framing perspective
127
The belief that social movements develop in response to some form of societal stress such as social inequality, social isolation, or conflicts in cultural beliefs is central to:
strain theory
128
A key idea that social movements must be able to mobilize various kinds of formal and informal networks is associated with which of the following perspectives?
Mobilizing structures perspective
129
All of the following are dimensions of burnout, except:
Cynicism
130
When a formal organization is viewed as a goal-directed and a purposefully designed machine that maximizes efficiency and effectiveness is based on which of the following?
rational perspective
131
Bart attends the local AA group which focuses on the twelve-step program. This is an example of what kind of group?
self-help group
132
People of African descent may be especially reluctant to disclose to White counselors because:
they view whites as agents of society who may use the information against them
133
Insight is considered class-bound because:
it assumes that people with concrete survival needs have time to sit back and contemplate motivations
134
Culturally diverse clients who do not conceive of mental and physical health as separate entities may expect:
immediate solutions and tangible forms of treatment
135
Communication styles are:
- strongly correlated with race, culture, and ethnicity
- strongly influenced by gender
- often more dependent upon nonverbal than on verbal communication
* all of these are correct *
136
What has been found regarding nonverbal communication?
avoidance of eye contact is often interpreted negatively
137
Which of the following is true regarding counseling and therapy as a communication style?
different cultural groups may be more receptive to certain counseling styles because of cultural and sociocultural factors
138
Which minority group is most likely to have a kinship system in which individuals with a variety of blood and emotional ties (aunts, uncles, preachers, boyfriends, etc.) may act as the extended family?
African Americans
139
Some of the traditional principles of marital and family therapy, such as promoting male-female egalitarian relationships and mutual independence can be described as:
culture-bound
140
According to the textbook, the Eurocentric concept of a healthy family is one that:
may be incongruent with values of culturally diverse families
141
Which of the following is a reason why social workers should understand organizational dynamics?
- systems forces can be powerful and oppressive
- it is difficult to do culturally competent work when the organization is not open to multicultural practices
- social workers need to expand their role to directly impact systems rather than only on individuals
* all of these *
142
Believing that everyone should be treated the same is characteristic of what type of organization?
monocultural
143
The Tuskegee experiment, in which Black men with syphilis were deliberately left untreated, represents which stage of cultural competence?
cultural destructiveness
144
In order for organizations to promote an antiracist social justice agenda, it will be important for them to:
promote non-hierarchical structures within the organization
145
Social workers need to realize that racist attitudes and beliefs are formed from which of the following sources:
- education
- mass media
- peers
* all of the above *
146
Which of these is NOT important when working with gay/lesbian clients?
- family relationship issues
- coming out issues
- legal rights
* all of these *
147
Which of the following is NOT something social workers need to know about African Americans?
- their history of discrimination
- the definition of family includes extended members
- importance of community
* social workers need to know all of these *
148
Which of the following is NOT potentially challenging for persons with disabilities?
- negative stigma
- finding appropriate living arrangements
- job opportunities
* all of the above can be challenging *
149
Developing goals as part of the multicultural helping relationship is important because:
goals should be determined in a collaborative manner
150
Nearly one third of therapeutic effectiveness in a multicultural helping relationship is attributable to which of the following?
establishment of a good working alliance
151
Which of the following is true regarding the health of African Americans?
the average lifespan of African Americans is up to 7 years shorter than that of white Americans
152
Demographic information on Latino/Hispanic Americans reveals that:
as a group, they are a relatively young population
153
Social workers can address their discomfort with disabilities in clients by:
- emphasizing the individual rather than the limitation
- getting specific information about disabilities and resources
- avoiding the use of phrases such as "afflicted with" or "a victim of"
* all of these *
