APUSH 4.1

Question 1

The US developed the worlds first modern mass democracy and celebrated a new national culture while America sought to do what?

Answer 1

define the nations democratic ideals

reform its institutions to match them

Question 2

What was accompanied by continued debates over federal power, their relationship between the federal government and the states, the authority of different braches of federal government and the rights and responsibilities of individual citizens?

Answer 2

The nation’s transformation to more participatory democracy

Question 3

In the development of the 1st and 2nd political party systems, what did federalists favor?

Answer 3

strong central government
supported by upperclass (merchants, bankers)
Pro British
Loose interpretations of the Constiution

Question 4

In the developent of the 1st and 2nd political party systems, what did D/R favor?

Answer 4

state rights
supported by lower and middle class (farmers)
Pro French
Strict interpretation of the constitution

Question 5

What two thing did D/R and Federalist party develop out of?

Answer 5

French Rev

Hamilton’s Financial Plan

Question 6

Under the 2nd Political Party System, what were democrats led by?

Answer 6

Andrew Jackson (Common Man)
against BUS and other elite organizations

Question 7

Under the 2nd Political Party System, what were the Whigs led by?

Answer 7

Anti Andrew Jackson
favored stronger federal government
internal improvemnts
BUS

Question 8

The supreme court strengthened the power of the _ _ often at the expense of _ _.

Answer 8

federal government; state government

Question 9

What trial established the principle of judicial review?

Answer 9

Marbury v. Madison

Question 10

What trial upheld constitutionality of the 2nd BUS and gave more power to the federal than states?

Answer 10

McCulloch v. Maryland

Question 11

What trial started taht Congress, NOT states, can control interstate commerce?

Answer 11

Gibson v. Ogden

Question 12

With a growing economy, Americans debated the role of what?

Answer 12

government in the economy

Question 13

What convention was where New England delegates were upset with embargos and War of 1812 (cut off trade to Britain - major trading partner) and proposed several ammendments including tougher restrictions for declaring war and passing ebargos?

Answer 13

Hartford Convention

Question 14

What were internation improvements?

Answer 14

Debates over the role of federal government in intrastate improvements
(Mayesville road veto 1830
Jackson vetoed a bill for the roach which would only be in KY)

Question 15

Regional, political, and economic loyalities overshadowed what?

Answer 15

national concerns

Question 16

What was the event where SC and other southern states opposed the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832; SC even nullified the tariffs?

Answer 16

Nullification Crisis 1833

Question 17

Who threatened to secede if Jackson collected tariffs by force?

Answer 17

South Carolina

Question 18

What was Webster’s 2nd reply to Hayne?

Answer 18

Webster promoted nationalism over sectionalism

Question 19

Why did many whites in the South associate their regional idenity through the pride of slavery?

Answer 19

Wealthy’s saw themselves as aristocrats; owning slaves was a sign of wealth
Poor favored slavery so they were higher on the social order in society

Question 20

What ways were people resistant to initiative for democracy?

Answer 20

Proslavery arguments
Xenophobia
Anti black sentiments in political and popular culture
Restrictive anti indian policies

Question 21

What increased pro slavery arguments?

Answer 21

Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831

Question 22

Who wrote “Slavery as a Postive Good”?

Answer 22

John Calhoun

Question 23

What was “Slavery as a Positive Good”?

Answer 23

argued that slaves worked under better condiions than industrial workers in the north

Question 24

What would some advocates use to justify slavery?

Answer 24

Bible

Question 25

Who also had proslavery arguements?

Answer 25

George Fitzhugh

Question 26

What is xeophobia?

Answer 26

fear of foreigners

Question 27

What is nativism?

Answer 27

pro native born Americans and hostility to foreign born individuals

Question 28

What were immigrants accused of?

Answer 28

stealing jobs by working for less money

Question 29

Why were the Irish heavily discriminated?

Answer 29

belief that they stole elections

Question 30

What was the Know Nothing Party (American Party)?

Answer 30

hoped to pass immigration restrictions laws; became a powerful political party in the 1850s

Question 31

What was the Know Nothing Party simular to?

Answer 31

American Protetive Association of late 19th century

Question 32

How were anti black sentiments in political and popular culture?

Answer 32

Minstrel shows (varity shows using black face)

Question 33

Where were indians removed to in the Indian Removal Act 1830?

Answer 33

tribes in Georgia were moved west of Mississippi River

Question 34

How did Jackson ignore the supreme courts ruling in Worchester v. Georgia?

Answer 34

Natives were forced to moved (Trail of tears)

Question 35

While Americans celebrated their nation's progress toward a unified new national culture that blended Old World forms with New World ideas, variou groups of the nation's inhabitants developed what?

Answer 35

distintive cultures of their own

Question 36

In the emergance of new national culture, what combination of two cultures were combined?

Answer 36

European and local cultures

Question 37

What emerged in the new national culture?

Answer 37

Art literature architectual designs

Question 38

Who made a significant contributions to the study of birds and prints of birds?

Answer 38

John James Audubon

Question 39

What school focused on landscape paintings, believing nature was a great source of wisdom and inspiration?

Answer 39

Hudson River School

Question 40

Cultures developed based on _ and _ of specific groups

Answer 40

intersts | experiences

Question 41

In the early 19th century, why were natives relocated further and further back?

Answer 41

Indian Removal Act

Question 42

In the 1840s, what was developed as a way for Indians?

Answer 42

reservations

Question 43

Who began to attend higher education?

Answer 43

Women

Question 44

What are examples of higher eduction for women?

Answer 44

Cult of Demesticy Seneca Falls Convention - 1848 Declaration of Sentiments

Question 45

What religious followers came up?

Answer 45

Shakers and Mormons

Question 46

Who practiced celibacy, believed in sexual equality?

Answer 46

Shakers

Question 47

Who, after years of turbulance, moved to Utah where they could freely practice religion?

Answer 47

Mormons

Question 48

How were the urban middle class different?

Answer 48

more americans owned shops and buisnesses became professionals lived in large houses that they owned bought new inventions (cast iron stove)

Question 49

Enslaved Africans created communities nd sought to protect their what?

Answer 49

family structures | dignity

Question 50

What type of families did slaves develop?

Answer 50

surrogate

Question 51

What would happen when African families were seperated?

Answer 51

others would look after family members

Question 52

What was used to help pass time while working and was important part of slave church services?

Answer 52

slave music

Question 53

People played an important role in the _ movements and sought to change their status?

Answer 53

abolitionist

Question 54

Who appealed to colored citizens of the world (1829)?

Answer 54

David Walker

Question 55

Walker wanted Africans to openly resist what?

Answer 55

their oppression

Question 56

2 years after Walker's story, what happened?

Answer 56

Nat Turner's Rebellion 1831; strengthened the desire to silence abolitionism in the south