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APUSH Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Jamestown, 1607
H of B

A

First English settlement.
*Established by the Virginia Company of London.
* House of Burgesses 1619
*tabaco as cash crop

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2
Q

Mayflower Compact, 1620

A

DEMOCRATTTTT Document that was signed by the male passengers
*Established a self-governing community and a system of laws for the Plymouth Colony.
*influenced the democrat system
* influenced colonists by introducing the religious freedom, rule of law, and economic liberty

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3
Q

Boston Tea Party, 1773

A

Colonists disguised themselves as Mohawk Indians and dumped 32 chests
*revolt for Tea Act
*Sons of Liberty
*gov. Responded with Intolerable Acts

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4
Q

Thomas Paine published Common Sense, 1776

A

Independence and inspired colonial rebellion against British rule

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5
Q

Bill of Rights, 1791

A

First 10 amendments to the Constitution.
*Protected individual rights

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6
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798

A

Laws that restricted immigrants and speech.
Significance: Seen as abuse and expansion of federal power

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7
Q

Marbury v. Madison, 1803

A

Supreme Court case establishing judicial review.
Significance: Strengthened federal judiciary.
RESULTED TO SAYING THAT THE SUPREME COURT HAS THE LAST WORS

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8
Q

Louisiana Purchase, 1803

A

U.S. bought land from France, doubling its size.
Significance: Expanded U.S. territory westward.

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9
Q

Embargo Act, 1807
Jefferson’s

A

Halted all U.S. exports.
Significance: Hurt U.S. economy, failed to stop British/French aggression.

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10
Q

The American System, 1815

A

Economic plan by Henry Clay for national growth. WHIG PARTY
Significance: Promoted infrastructure, tariffs, and a national bank.

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11
Q

Missouri Compromise, 1820

A

Missouri slave, Maine free, no slavery above 36°30’
Significance: Delayed sectional conflict over slavery.

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12
Q

Monroe Doctrine, 1823
BACK OFF OUR WESTERN HEMISPHERE

A

U.S. opposed European colonization in Americas.
Significance: Asserted U.S. influence in Western Hemisphere.

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13
Q

Trail of Tears, 1838
Cherokee GEORGIA

A

Forced removal of Cherokee to west.
Significance: Thousands died; highlighted cruelty of Indian policy.

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14
Q

The term “manifest destiny” first used, 1845

A

Belief in U.S. expansion coast-to-coast.
FIRST USED BU JOHN L. O’SULLIVAN
Significance: Justified westward expansion and conflicts.

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15
Q

Mexican-American War, 1846

A

War over Texas and western lands.
Significance: U.S. gained huge territory (Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo).

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16
Q

Seneca Falls convention, 1848

A

First women’s rights meeting.
Significance: Started women’s suffrage movement.

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17
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852.

A

Anti-slavery novel.
Significance: Increased Northern opposition to slavery.

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18
Q

Creation of the Republican Party, 1854

A

Created to oppose slavery expansion.
Significance: Became Lincoln’s party, led to Civil War era changes.

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19
Q

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857

A

Ruled slaves weren’t citizens.
Significance: Made slavery legal in all territories.

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20
Q

Southern secession, 1860-61

A

11 Southern states left the Union.
Significance: Led to Civil War.

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21
Q

Homestead Act, 1862

A

Gave 160 acre free land to immigrants, slaves, etc.
Significance: Encouraged Western expansion

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22
Q

Emancipation Proclamation, 1863

A

Freed slaves in Confederate states.
Significance: Changed war goal to ending slavery.

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23
Q

Freedman’s Bureau, 1865
SUPPORT HELP

A

Helped freed slaves with jobs, education, etc.
Significance: First major federal welfare agency.

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24
Q

Fourteenth Amendment, 1868

A

Citizenship and equal protection.
Significance: Protected rights of formerly enslaved people

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25
Transcontinental railroad completed, 1869
Linked East and West coasts. Significance: Boosted trade, settlement.
26
Haymarket Square Riot, 1886
Labor protest turned violent. Significance: Hurt labor movement image
27
Jacob Riis published How the Other Half Lives, 1890
Exposed poverty in NYC tenements. Significance: Inspired housing and social reforms.
28
Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 led to jim crow
“Separate but equal” is legal. Significance: Legalized segregation.
29
NAACP organized, 1909
Civil rights organization. Significance: Fought against racial discrimination.
30
19th Amendment, 1920
Gave women the right to vote. Significance: Major win for women’s suffrage
31
Bonus march, 1932
Veterans demanded WWI bonuses early. Significance: Showed Depression’s impact.
32
First New Deal, 1933
FDR’s economic recovery programs. Significance: Increased federal government role.
33
Dust Bowl, 1935 great plains
Drought and dust storms in Great Plains. Significance: Forced migration, farm reform.
34
Social Security Act, 1935
Created pensions and unemployment insurance. Significance: Laid foundation for welfare state.
35
Pearl Harbor, 1941
Japanese attack on U.S. base. Significance: U.S. entered WWII.
36
Japanese-American internment/prisoner, 1942
Forced relocation of Japanese Americans. Significance: Violated civil rights during wartime.
37
"Iron Curtain" speech, 1946
Churchill speech about Soviet threat. Significance: Started Cold War rhetoric
38
Truman Doctrine, 1947
U.S. will help countries resist communism. Significance: Started policy of containment.
39
Brown v. the Board of Education, 1954
Ended legal school segregation. Significance: Civil Rights Movement victory.
40
Interstate Highway Act, 1956
Built national road system. Significance: Boosted economy, encouraged suburbs.
41
Greensboro sit-ins, 1960
Peaceful protest at segregated lunch counters. Significance: Inspired more nonviolent civil rights actions
42
Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962
U.S. -Soviet nuclear standoff. Significance: This helped avoid a nuclear war Avoided war, eased tensions
43
March on Washington, 1963
Civil rights protest; MLK’s “I Have a Dream.” Significance: Pushed for Civil Rights Act.
44
Voting Rights Act, 1965
Banned racial voting barriers. Significance: Increased Black voter participation.
45
Tet Offensive, 1968
Surprise attack by North Vietnam. Significance: Turned U.S. public against Vietnam War.
46
Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated, 1968
Civil rights leader killed. Significance: Sparked riots, loss of unity.
47
Neil Armstrong walked on the moon, 1969
Armstrong walked on the moon. Significance: U.S. won space race
48
Vietnamization, 1969 PLAN
Nixon’s plan to withdraw U.S. troops. Significance: Shifted war burden to South Vietnam.
49
Pentagon Papers, 1971
Leaked government Vietnam secrets. Significance: Eroded public trust in government.
50
Roe v. Wade, 1973
Legalized abortion. Significance: Major women’s rights case.
51
Iranian hostage crisis, 1979-81 Carter
Americans held in Iran for 444 days. Significance: Hurt Carter’s presidency.
52
Iran-Contra scandal, R1987
U.S. secretly sold arms to Iran. Significance: Damaged Reagan administration.
53
Berlin Wall torn down, 1989
East and West Berlin reunited. Significance: Symbolic end of Cold War.
54
Internet, 1990s
Global computer network. Significance: Revolutionized communication and business.
55
Persian Gulf War, 1991
U.S. led attack on Iraq. Significance: Protected oil, showed U.S. power.
56
Y2K Scare, 2000
Fear of computer crash at year 2000. Significance: Highlighted tech dependency.
57
September 11th terrorist attacks, 2001
Terrorists attacked U.S. Significance: Led to War on Terror.
58
Hurricane Katrina, 2005
Massive storm hit New Orleans. Significance: Exposed disaster response failures.
59
election of President Obama, 2008
First Black U.S. president. Significance: Symbol of progress and change.
60
United States v. Windsor, 2013
Struck down part of DOMA. Significance: Expanded rights for same-sex couples.
61
(Reagan Administration practicing) Supply-side economics
Tax cuts for rich to boost economy. Significance: Criticized for favoring the wealthy.
62
(outcome of ) The Economic Recovery Act of 1981
Major tax cuts. Significance: Started Reaganomics.
63
Reagan presidency/administration GO AMERICA. WE NEED TO HAVE AMAZING ARMY
1981–1989 conservative leadership. Significance: Ended Cold War, boosted military
64
(who is) Sandra Day O’Connor
First female Supreme Court justice. Significance: Broke gender barrier in judiciary.
65
Main economic competitors to America in the world market in the 1980s
Japan and West Germany. Significance: Challenged U.S. dominance.
66
(members of the) G8
U.S., UK, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Japan, Russia. *focused on a wide range of issues, including economic growth, global security, energy, terrorism, and crisis management Significance: World’s top economic powers.
67
(why was) NAFTA (created)
Remove trade barriers in North America. Significance: Boosted trade but controversial.
68
(which countries signed the) North American Free Trade Agreement [NAFTA] in 1993?
U.S., Canada, Mexico. Significance: Linked North American economies
69
What else, besides corporations’ quest for new markets, allowed for globalization to advance in the 1990s?
Internet and digital tech. Significance: Spread of global markets.
70
(significance of the) World Wide Web when it debuted in 1991
Made the internet accessible. Significance: Connected world rapidly.
71
(what is the basis of the) Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
Ended quotas based on nationality. Significance: Increased non-European immigration
72
In the 1990s, conservatives expressed their belief that multiculturalism would…
Feared loss of shared national identity. Significance: Sparked debates over immigration and education.
73
(what was Congress trying to achieve when it passed) the USA Patriot Act of 2001 HELP AMERICA🦅
Strengthen anti-terror powers. Significance: Expanded surveillance, debated civil liberties.
74
(how did) President Obama’s judicial appointments affect the composition of the U.S. Supreme Court?
Added liberal justices like Sotomayor and Kagan. Significance: Shifted Court’s ideological balance
75
Order of Events CMMPTR
Columbian Exchange 1492 Mayflower Compact 1620 Missouri Compromise 1820 Plessy Vs. Ferguson 1896 Truman Doctrine 1947 Roe Vs. Wage 1973

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