APUSH Jefferson Exam Flashcards
(38 cards)
Explain how the election of 1800 reached a tie.
Jefferson, like Adams, tried to get elected as president and had a runner-up who aligned with his values. Some groups of voters were assigned the role of throwing out their votes and doing some weird math so that Burr would come in second. However, it backfired because they were not cooperative enough and Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied.
Explain how the tie in the election of 1800 was broken and why it was so hard.
The lawmakers that just lost their jobs in the Adams administration were now tasked with picking one of two anti-federalists: Jefferson and Burr. They became deadlocked and couldn’t make a decision until Hamilton sent a persuasive letter convincing congressmen to not vote for Burr because he was broke, corrupt, and Jefferson had better character.
What did Aaron Burr towards the end of Jefferson’s first term?
Shot Hamilton in a duel (after George Clinton was chosen as the new vice president).
Why was Burr put on trial during jefferson’s second term and what precedent did it create?
He was put on trial for treason: moving to the West with a militia (a bunch of peeps in matching uniforms) to secede part of the American Southwest (Louisiana, Texas etc). He was found not guilty because most of the evidence was hearsay and circumstantial (not direct). This set the bar really high of the quality of evidence needed to convict someone for treason.
Why did Jefferson claim his victory in 1800 to be a “revolution?”
Adams (a federalist) admitted defeat and a peaceful transfer of power to the opposing party (Democratic-Republicans). This was coined the “Revolution of 1800” by Jefferson. In addition, he got an overwhelming support from the South.
How did the South impact Jefferson’s election?
Without the 3/5 clause creating a bunch of Southern electors, Jefferson would not have been elected.
What was the Haitian Revolution, who led it, and how did it impact the Louisiana Purchase?
The hatian revolution was led by Toussaint L’Ouverture, an educated slave who organized an armed rebellion to kick out the British from Haiti so the French could return, but it then blossomed into a war for Independence. The hatian Revolution reaffirmed the universality of Libertarian rhetoric. This impacted the Louisana purchase because it put Napoleon into debt and caused him to loose interest in the Americas, which prompted him to sell.
How did Adams and Jefferson view the Haitian revolution?
Adams supported it, but Jefferson wanted to QUARANTINE and suffocate it.
What was Gabriel’s rebellion, when was it, and what was its consequence?
Gabriel Prosser and his brother led an attempted emancipating revolution in 1800 in Virginia. An autonomous black community was formed, but later crushed, and Virginia further restricted both free and enslaved blacks.
How was D.C. after all those ambitious urban planning designs?
Many deemed it uninhabitable, reflecting Jefferson’s desire to have a national government with little splendor.
What did Jefferson do as soon as he got elected (5)?
- Repeal the Sedition Acts, keep the Alien Acts, but don’t enforce them.
- Made the National government MINISCULE, including dispersing the army.
- Ended Internal taxes (including whiskey) but added a 5% tariff/impost on imports.
- Louisiana Purchase -> perpetual warfare with natives.
- Bans the Middle Passage, but slavery continues.
- Establishes West Point Academy.
What was West Point Academy’s point?
West Point Academy was a national military academy that only trained officers. These officers couldn’t lead coups or anything because no army existed. An army would only be created if there were a conflict. That way, America is safe because there are plenty of experienced officers on guard, but no army for them to weaponize unless they are actually in war.
Why did Pinckney’s treaty expire?
The Spanish lost New Orleans to the French, who now had jurisdiction over the super important Missispi river exit, which includes a delta with fertile land and an easy exit for exports. New negotiations would have to begin
Explain the timeline of the Louisiana purchase…
Hatian Revolution makes Napoleon broke and made him sour at America
Napoleon offers New Orleans for $15 million
America is like $15 is too much for a tiny piece of land that’s way beyond our $3 million budget.
Napoleon still needs $15, so he offers $15 for the entire western swath they own.
America is like WHOAH aight.
What was the controversy around the Louisiana purchase?
The constitution does not specify how the government can buy land and spending $15 million would put the U.S. into significant debt. Exploiting implied powers and taking crazy executive action went agsint Jefferson’s entire doctrine
Why did the Louisana purchase win the tolerance of both Feds and Democratic Republicans?
Jeffersonians disagreed with his execution, but agreed with his intentions (agrarian character)
Federalists agreed with his execution, but disagreed with his intentions
So no one could really attack him they were just like “meh”
What was Louisiana like before it was owned by the U.S.
Slaves worked in better conditions, there were lots of free blacks and people of mixed ancestry, and colonial french government was very different than that of the United states but did oppress people of different races as heavily.
What was the Louisiana government bill?
After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the U.S. sought to incorporate the territory into the American system of government. The existing French-based colonial government was replaced by a U.S.-style territorial government, but it didn’t immediately adopt a fully Democratic-Republican style of governance as outlined in documents like the Impost of 1787. Many appointed officials were from outside of Louisiana and created stricter slave codes.
How did Jefferson work around the fact that the Constitution said nothing about buying land?
The Constitution does say Presidents can make treaties, so he made the Louisiana Treaty, and framed the purchase so that Napoleon “ceded” the west to the U.S. for $15 million. He tried to disguise a real-estate purchase as a diplomatic pursuit.
What was the purpose of Lewis and Clark?
They were appointed by congress to survey the different native American nations and discover new terrain, plants and animals. They were accompanied by Sacagewea.
Quickly list the cons of the Louisiana purchase
Perpetual warfare
overstepped on the constitution,
shifting away from industrialization, which would become a HUGE weakness during the war of 1812.
misuse treaty making power
Quickly list the pros of the Louisiana purchase
Promote the presence of small farmers, who held civic virtue and agrarian character.
Regain control of New Orleans/the Mississippi.
What was the Judiciary act of 1801?
The night before Adams left, he appointed a bunch of like-minded judges, but he did it so late that their paperwork wasn’t handed to them by the time he had to leave. These MIDNIGHT JUDGES were refused their LETTERS OF COMMISION by the new Secretary of State JAMES MADISON
Explain the results of the Marbury v. Madison case.
Marbury sued Madison for not giving him his working papers. The judge, John Marshall, said that although Marbury should get his papers, he couldn’t force Madison to do so. Marshall points out that the law that allows him to force employment, THE JUDICIARY ACT OF 1789, was unconstitutional, so it’s void, and he’s not going to use it.
