APUSH Period 4

Question 1

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 1

-Jefferson bought land with New Orleans which was a valuable trading port from Spain to France
-Not Jeffersonian because it did not explicitly say that he could buy land in the constitution
-Was jefferonian because it created more land for agriculture

Question 2

Encargo of 1812

Answer 2

England and France are in a conflict. They block American shipping because they don’t want to accept goods from other people.
-Cuts trading with both GB & France
-Trading cut was bad for the economy and led to the war of 1812

Question 3

Jeffersonian Beliefs

Answer 3

-Strict interpretation
-Agriculture dominates economy (A great agrarian republic)
-States’ rights- weak national government
-pacifist (avoid war)

Question 4

Macon’s Bill #2

Answer 4

-Dismantled the Embargo completely. The bill reopens trade with everyone, but tries to dangle a lure in front of Britain and France
-If either Britain or France would repeal their commercial restrictions, the US would trade exclusively with that country and place an embargo on the other.
-France will repeal their decrees-> become the exclusive trade partner of the US -> Madison believed it would make war with GB inevitable

Question 5

War Hawks

Answer 5

-People that wanted to go to war with Great Britain (Kentuckian Henry Clay)
-Believed that British action was an impeachment on their free trade

Question 6

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 6

ended the war of 1812

Question 7

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Answer 7

-John Adams was defeated by Thomas Jefferson in his second election. To annoy his successor, Adams passed new laws (judiciary act) through Congress that appointed many new judges and justices. The appointees were approved by the Senate, but they would not be valid until their commissions (order given to ppl) were delivered by the Secretary of State. William Marbury had been appointed justice of DC but his commission was not delivered.
-It was unconstitutional bc the original law that his whole argument was based on was unconstitutional
-“In so holding, Marshall established the principle of judicial review, i.e., the power to declare a law unconstitutional.”
-Law of Judicial review- the supreme court can declare a law unconstitutional.
-Increases the power of the Supreme Court

Question 8

The Market Revolution 1800-1850

Answer 8

-Technological advancements in modes in transportation
-demand and employment in factory jobs + increase in urban migration
-Agricultural shift (subsistence farming -> commercial farming)
-The economy and means of production changed more drastically in the Midwest and the Northeast than the South. The south was still mainly agriculture based, and they relied on slavery a lot to keep their economic system going.

Question 9

Mark Rev Transportation

Answer 9

Canals (Erie Canal connecting New York to other Great Lake Cities like Detroit, Chicago, and Cleveland.
Railroads (Linked midwest and northeast regions to trade wheat, corn, grain, and cattle)

Question 10

Women’s role in America

Answer 10

Women’s place in society shifted as they were able to work and were not expected to stay home and work farm jobs. They could earn money and become more influential in politics and social reforms.

Question 11

War of 1812

Answer 11

-Started due to impressment of US merchants and British supplying Native Americans with weapons
-In the grand scheme of things, not much changed in terms of boundaries.
Washington D.C. burned
Battle of New Orleans
-Impact of the war really defined in its ability to rally the nation together. A “second” war of Independence

Question 12

Henry Clay’s American System

Answer 12

Knit the country together economically and politically
Goals
-Establish a strong banking system that would provide loans easily
-Institute a tariff to help eastern manufacturing grow
(If it costs more to buy outside ppl would buy products from the us)
Use money from the tariff to help eastern manufacturing grow and build canals and railroads

Question 13

Erie Canal

Answer 13

Construction project that connected New York City to the Great Lakes?

Question 14

Era of Good Feelings

Answer 14

-James Monroe’s Presidency 1817-1825
-War of 1812 is over
-Napoleonic Wars end in 1815
-National Unity in politics (essentially everyone is a democratic republican

Question 15

Panic of 1819

Answer 15

The Panic of 1819 (Economic instability

-Banks gave out bad loans for people to settle in housing
-They gave loans that were too much for people to really pay them back
-Not only ppl got bad loans but also businesses
-Everyone got foreclosed on.
-Businesses laid people off to afford the loans and they became unemployed
-Recession in 1819

Question 16

The issue of Missouri

Answer 16

-Missouri wants to become a state and a slave state although it was geographically in the north.
-Population in the north was growing more rapidly than in the south. They had more representation in congress.
-Southern states want to keep an equal balance of power in the Senate. They want Missouri to join as a slave state to give more power to the south.

Question 17

Tallmadge Amendment

Answer 17

DIDN’T PASS
-Allow Missouri to become a slave state but gradual emancipation
-Once you reach a certain age, you are freed
-you can not import other slaves
-would eventually cause the extinction of the slave trade

Question 18

Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)

Answer 18

-Led by Henry Clay (the great composer)
-Missouri becomes a slave state
-Maine becomes a free state
-any territory north of Missouri’s southern border would be a slave-free state

Question 19

The Monroe Doctrine

Answer 19

-European powers prevent democracy from other countries
-At the same time, Latin American countries were having revolutions against the Spanish.
-If Europe was to get involved to put down rebellions, America and its democracy would be threatened.
-America is outgrowing the isolationism from Washington
-Warning to europe to stay away from the western hemisphere
-talking the talk but not walking the walk
-a dog marking its territory

Question 20

The Election of 1824

Answer 20

Jackson did not receive the threshold amount to become president. The votes went to the house of representatives instead of the electoral college. They took the top 3. Henry Clay made a deal with John Quincy Adams. If Clay makes enough votes for JQA, JQA will make him secretary of state. Henry Clay had a position in congress, so he convinced the representatives to vote for John Quincy Adams.

Question 21

The Election of 1824

Answer 21

Jackson did not receive the threshold amount to become president. The votes went to the house of representatives instead of the electoral college. They took the top 3. Henry Clay made a deal with John Quincy Adams. If Clay makes enough votes for JQA, JQA will make him secretary of state. Henry Clay had a position in congress, so he convinced the representatives to vote for John Quincy Adams. John Quicy Adams won the election.

Question 22

The Corrupt Bargain

Answer 22

Andrew Jackson and his supporters called it Henry Clay’s help with JQA the corrupt bargain
-He brought it up to campain for next election. He wins in 1828.

Question 23

Andrew Jackson’s Presidency

Answer 23

-Portrayed as a rugged, I’m just like you fellow, actually rich and lived in a mansion
-Expanded democracy because more ppl have voted than ever before (new states)
-Treated the presidency as a monarchy

Question 24

AJ is a Champ

Answer 24

-Spoil system: people that now the politician would be appointed to governmental positions
(more ppl involved in the democracy)
-Samuel Swartwort: port master of New York, did his job well but embezzled a lot of money

Question 25

AJ is a Chump

Answer 25

Tariffs of abominations (increase of tariff rates and taxes on imports)
-farmers did not want it because it only benefited manufacturers
-other countries retaliated by puting tariffs on the united states. Farmers relied on exports
- SC wants to null the tariff
- AJ threatened to send troops to South Carolina

Bank of the US
-Can’t shut down the BofUSA so he stopped putting money in it, to please the people
-The economy shut down after he left office
Trail of Tears
-Indigenous ppl in Georgia sewed the federal government for forcing them to relocate. Indigenous ppl won the case but Andrew Jackson disobeyed and relocated them.