APUSH TERMS 1

Question 1

The primary avenue of trade for West Africans before European traders connected them to the Atlantic World. It carried slaves to the New World sugar plantations in the Spanish West Indies, Rum and Molasses to the English Colonies, and commodities sent from England.

Answer 1

Triangular Trade

Question 2

A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the 16th Century by Spanish kings to prominent men.

Answer 2

Encomiendas

Question 3

The massive global exchange of living things, including people, animals, plants, and diseases, between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus

Answer 3

Columbian Exchange

Question 4

Economic philosophy or practice in which England established the colonies to provide raw materials to the Mother country; the colonies receive manufactured goods in return.

Answer 4

Mercantilism

Question 5

First constitution in the colonies drafted that stated a government’s authority rests upon the consent of the governed and expressed the will of the majority.

Answer 5

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Question 6

English laws passed beginning in the 1650s requiring that certain English colonial goods be shipped through English ports on English ships, manned by English sailors in order to benefit English merchants, shippers, and seamen.

Answer 6

Navigation Acts

Question 7

British colonial policy during the Reign of George I and George II. By relaxing their supervision of internal colonial affairs, royal bureaucrats inadvertently assisted in the rise of self-government in North America

Answer 7

Salutary Neglect

Question 8

First of the many mini legislatures created by the Colonies that started the tradition of Salutary Neglect and home rule.

Answer 8

Virginia House of Burgesses

Question 9

Used by Puritan Churches to bolster attendance but also keep political leadership under the control respectable families. Conversion needed but not “regeneration” to be a member of the congregation.

Answer 9

Halfway Covenant

Question 10

Disgruntled Virginia (Chesapeake) colonial farmers attempted to overthrow Governor. Berkeley in 1676 because of economic hardship and perceived failure with Indian raids and lack of women that could be married.

Answer 10

Bacon’s Rebellion

Question 11

The league of Indian tribes in the Northeast that fought with the English in the French-Indian War and supported the Loyalists in the American Revolution.

Answer 11

Iroquois Confederation

Question 12

Old: Conservative ministers opposed to the passion displayed by evangelical preachers. New: Evangelical preachers who emphasized the importance of spiritual rebirth. Established Princeton, Columbia, Brown, and Rutgers Universities.

Answer 12

Old Lights/New Lights

Question 13

Banished dissenters who questioned the laws mandated by the church. Including Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson

Answer 13

Puritan Dissenters

Question 14

During the French and Indian war, Ben Franklin attempted to unify the colonies behind Great Britain in its war against France.

Answer 14

Albany Congress

Question 15

A line drawn by the British government that forbade colonists from settling the western lands won after the French and Indian War.

Answer 15

Proclamation of 1763

Question 16

Prior to the American Revolution, the British instituted this act which taxed all transactions involving paper without colonial consent. No other act outraged all 13 colonies than this one.

Answer 16

Stamp Act

Question 17

1770, street clash between townspeople and Irish soldiers ordered to guard British custom houses. Led to the deaths of 5 colonists

Answer 17

Boston Massacre

Question 18

Organized by Massachusetts in 1772 its purpose was to keep a close watch on the British and report any violations on individual rights.

Answer 18

Committees of Correspondence

Question 19

Major religious revival (1740-1750) prior to the American Revolution that furthered individualism, opposed established authority and furthered American nationalism.

Answer 19

Great Awakening

Question 20

Named after the British political leader who wrongly believed that this external “tax” or “duty” would be accepted by the colonies.

Answer 20

Townshend Acts

Question 21

Organized by the Sons of Liberty, it involved the willful destruction of crates of British tea. It was a direct response to British taxation policies in the North American colonies. This group eventually forced the British to pass the Coercive Acts in 1775.

Answer 21

Boston Tea Party

Question 22

A secret organization that was created in the Thirteen Colonies to advance the rights of the European colonists and to fight taxation by the British government.

Answer 22

The Sons of Liberty and Minutemen

Question 23

American colonists sent this to King George III in hopes of reconciliation. It was rejected when he branded all colonists as rebels. The King sent Hessian and British troops to America.

Answer 23

Olive Branch Petition

Question 24

This body drafted their Declaration of Rights and Grievances. Brought back the Association and oversaw the relief of Boston and boycott of English goods.

Answer 24

1st Continental Congress

Question 25

This body formed the Continental Army, sent the Olive Branch Petition to Britain during the blockade of Boston, and eventually drafted the Declaration of Independence

Answer 25

2nd Continental Congress