Aqua's solutions Flashcards
(13 cards)
functions of solubility of substances in aqueous biological solutions
- transport of gasses
- transport of inorganic materials
- application and transport of drugs
hydrogen bonds
bonds between H and O/N/F
much stronger than other covalent bonds
the 7 unusual properties of water
- very high melting and boiling points compared to other analogous molecules due to extensive H-bonding
- water becomes more dense when it melts
- freezing point of water decreases as pressure increases
- 14 different types of ice due to manipulation of hydrogen bonds in ice
- water has a relatively large surface tension and heat capacity
- high concentration = 55 g.mol-1 at 25C
- In liquid - molecules move around and continuously making and breaking hydrogen bonds
in ice -molecules are rigidly held in a structure to maximise the possible number of hydrogen bonds, therefore structure is more open and less dense than liquid water
solvation
involves interaction of charged ions with the dipoles of the water molecules - all ions are surrounded by a number of water molecules
hydration
when water is the solvent
solution
formed when 1 or more chemical species is dissolved in a liquid
solute
a substance that dissolves in a liquid (a liquid, gas or solid)
solvent
a liquid in which a solute dissolves (is in higher concentration)
dilute solution
has more solvent than solute
electrolyte
dissolves to give ions in a solution
non-electrolyte
dissolves without formation of ions in solution
“goes to completion”
when the compound dissolves and all the dissolved species are ions
“doesn’t go to completion”
when the compound dissolves most of the dissolved species are molecules, some of which then dissociate to give ions (not all)
