Arches of the foot

Question 1

List the arches of the foot

Answer 1

Medial longitudinal
Lateral Longitudinal
Tranverse

Question 2

Medial longitudinal arch is located where

Answer 2

Along medial border of foot

Question 3

Lateral longitudinal arch is located where

Answer 3

Along lateral border of foot

Question 4

Transverse arch is located where

Answer 4

Located at the bases of the metatarsal bones

Answer 5

The human foot is built in such a way that it’s bones form arches which do not come in contact with the ground when standing. These arches include; you then list the arches

Question 6

Functions of the arches of the foot

Answer 6

Distributes body weight on the bones of the foot

Acts as a shock absorber when falling on the feet

Protects plantar nerve and vessels

Gives the foot elasticity and resilience of movement during locomotion

Question 7

Medial longitudinal arch is formed by how many bones

Answer 7

9 bones

Question 8

List the bones of the med long arch

Answer 8

Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
3 cuneiforms
First 3 metatarsals

Question 9

3 factors maintain The MLA , what are they

Answer 9

Bony Support

Ligamentous support

Muscle support

Question 10

Bony support of MLA

Answer 10

Provided by the bones that form the arch

Question 11

Ligamentous support of MLA

Answer 11

plantar aponeurosis

spring ligament

talocalcaneal ligament

deltoid ligament

Question 12

Muscle support of MLA

Answer 12

flexor hallucis longus

flexor digitorum longus

abductor hallucis

flexor digitorum brevis

tibialis posterior

Question 13

Function of MLA

Answer 13

It plays a critical role inshock absorption and propulsion of the foot while walking

Question 14

The peak or summit of MLA is what

Answer 14

Superior articular surface of talus

Question 15

LLA is formed by how many bones

Answer 15

4 bones

Question 16

List the bones of LLA

Answer 16

Calcaneus
Cuboid
4th and 5th metatarsals

Question 17

Function of LLA

Answer 17

Concerned with support of body weight during standing

Question 18

Unique feature of LLA

Answer 18

It is not as high as MLA

FLATTER THAN MLA

Lies on the ground during standing position

Question 19

3 factors that maintain LLA

Answer 19

Bony support

Ligamentous support

Muscle support

Question 20

Bony support of LLA

Answer 20

Provided by bones that make up the arch

Question 21

Bony support of LLA

Answer 21

Provided by bones that make up the arch

Question 22

Ligamentous support of LLA

Answer 22

Interosseous

Short plantar

Plantar aponeurosis

Question 23

Muscle support of LLA

Answer 23

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

flexor digitorum longus

intrinsic foot muscles.

Question 24

Ant end of MLA is formed by

Answer 24

heads of the first 3 metatarsals

form ant pillar

Question 25

Post end of MLA is formed by

Answer 25

medial tubercle of calcaneus form post pillar

Question 26

How many bones form the transverse arch

Answer 26

9

Question 27

List the bones that form the transverse arch

Answer 27

Cuboid 3 cuneiforms base of all metatarsals

Question 28

Factors maintaining transverse arch

Answer 28

bony ligamentous muscle

Question 29

Bony support of transverse arch

Answer 29

Provided by bones that form the arch

Question 30

Ligamentous support of transverse arch

Answer 30

Strong plantar interosseous ligaments of inter cuneiform joints

Question 31

Muscle support of transverse arch

Answer 31

Fibularis longus( most important) Tibialis posterior Transverse head of adductor hallucis

Question 32

Clinical correlates

Answer 32

Pes planus Pes Cavus

Question 33

Pes planus

Answer 33

Pes planus is a common condition in which the longitudinal arches have been lost. Because the arches are formed, in part, by the tight tendons of the foot, damage to these tissues through direct injury or trauma can cause pes planus. In some individual, the arches are not formed during development hence it becomes a congenital anomaly. Treatment involves the use of arch-supporting inserts for shoes.

Question 34

Pes cavus

Answer 34

Pes cavus is a foot condition characterized by an unusually high medial longitudinal arch. Due to the higher arch, the ability to shock absorb during walking is diminished and an increased degree of stress is placed on the ball and heel of the foot. It is managed by supporting the foot through the use of special shoes or sole cushioning inserts. Reducing the amount of weight the foot has to bear can also alleviate symptoms.