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bme101 arduino > arduino > Flashcards

arduino Flashcards

1
Q

electricity

A

energy produced by movement (static accumulation/dynamic flow) of charged particles

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2
Q

coulombic force

A

is between two charged particles, attraction between opposite charges and repelling between same charges

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3
Q

a single charged particle has a…

A

3D radiative electric field

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4
Q

static accumulation / dynamic flow

A

contact between two charges

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5
Q

immobilized accumulation

A

movement against a static charged object (like a plate) which generates an electric field

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6
Q

equation for immobilized accumulation

A

F*d = J

a charged particle within an electric field will move some distance with some force, resulting in work

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7
Q

negatively charged particles move from areas of ______ potential to areas of ______ potential

A

moves from areas of low potential to areas of high potential

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8
Q

positively charged particles move from areas of _____ potential to areas of ______ potential

A

moves from areas of high potential to areas of low potential

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9
Q

units for electric force

A

newtons

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10
Q

units for electric field

A

newtons/coulumbs

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11
Q

units for potential energy

A

joules

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12
Q

voltage (V)

A

amount of energy required to do work (F*d) to move charge (q)

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13
Q

units of voltage

A

volts

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14
Q

equation of voltage

A

v = (F*d)/q

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15
Q

current (I)

A

amount of charge (in columbs) moving over time (seconds)

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16
Q

units of current

A

amperes

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17
Q

equation of current

A

I = q/t

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18
Q

how does charge flow through a battery

A

from the negative terminal (-) to the (+) terminal

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19
Q

current flows in the ________ direction of electrons

A

opposite

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20
Q

what generates a magnetic field

A

flow of electrons

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21
Q

how does positive charge flow in a schematic circuit

A

from the long line to the short line

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22
Q

how do electrons flow in a schematic circuit

A

from the short line to the long line

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23
Q

how does current flow through a wire

A

from positive to negative, B is around counterclockwise (right hand rule)

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24
Q

electrons only flow in a ____ circuit

A

closed

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25
Q

why do individual electrons flow relatively slow

A

because of atoms and electrostatic of resistance to motion

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26
Q

how do electrons travel in a wave through a wire

A

they displace each other in the wire causing a motion similar to a wave, this happens instantaneously

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27
Q

force for flow in an electric circuit

A

EMF (voltage)

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28
Q

flow in electric circuit

A

charge/time (current)

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29
Q

limitation to flow in electric circuit

A

size, shape, material of conductor (impedance)

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30
Q

AC

A

alternating current, varies over time

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31
Q

DC

A

direct current, consistent over time

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32
Q

voltage is a potential difference between…

A

two locations, measured with a probe (voltameter)

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33
Q

wall voltage is

A

120V AC, it is alternating because its easier to travel over long distances

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34
Q

AA battery voltage is

A

1.5V DC, current always flows consistently in both directions

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35
Q

impedance

A

Z, opposes or limits current

36
Q

electrical circuit with hamburger lines

A

direct current, I flows from positive terminal of battery (long line) to negative terminal (short line)

37
Q

electrical circuit with circle and squiggly line

A

alternating current, I flows mainly in positive to negative terminal direction but some alternates in direction

38
Q

basic analog components of impedance

A

resistor, inductor, capacitator

39
Q

resistor

A

measured in ohms, ZR

40
Q

inductor

A

measured in henrys, ZL

41
Q

capacitor

A

measured in farads, ZC

42
Q

series arrangement

A

elements share one path of current

same current flows through all elements I T = I R1 = I R2
voltage adds across all elements V T = Vr1 + Vr2 + Vr3 (total voltage is divided)
resistance adds linearly R T = R1 + R2 + R3

43
Q

parallel arrangement

A

two or more elements share two nodes (multiple paths of current)

current adds among all paths I T = I1 + I2 + I3
same voltage is shared among all elements V T = Vr1 = Vr2
impedance adds in inverse 1/rT = 1/r1 + 1/r2

44
Q

ohm’s law

A

current (I) through conductor is proportional to voltage potential difference between before and after conductor
current (I) through conductor is inversely proportional to impedance

in essence: V = I * R

45
Q

Kirchoff’s Current Law

A

all current about a node is conserved

46
Q

Kirchoff’s Voltage Law

A

voltage over a closed loop is conserved

47
Q

voltage divider

A

two resistors in a series

I = V *(R2 / (R1 + R2))

48
Q

hardware engineering

A

the actual electrical/mechanical components

49
Q

software engineering

A

logic used to communicate between individual components

50
Q

how do you coordinate between hardware and software?

A

an interface (platform) or microcontroller (chip that can be programmed to do certain actions)

51
Q

arduino

A

a PCB (printed circuit board) that has a microcontroller, power supply, and I/O pins

52
Q

I/O pins

A

input/output pins
arduino has 14 digital and 6 analog

53
Q

power to arduino (USB 2.0)

A

5V, 0.5A = 2.5 W

54
Q

power from arduino

A

5V, 0.2A = 1W (total)
5V, 0.04A = 0.2W (I/O pin)

55
Q

breadboard

A

used to physically connect electrical components (rails connnected vertically and rest is horizontal)

56
Q

programming language of arduino

A

C

57
Q

declaration

A

declaring variables into the memory space

58
Q

3 parts of declaration

A

variable type, variable name, and value

59
Q

variable type

A

int = integer (whole number)
boolean = true or false (logical)
long = decimal

60
Q

function

A

sectioned off piece of code that can be called as needed

61
Q

3 parts of a function

A

function name, return type (long (decimal) or void (doesn’t return a value), and arguments (inputs)

62
Q

pinMode(pin, MODE);

A

part of setup
sets a specific pin (on the arduino microcontroller) to a specific mode (OUTPUT or INPUT)

63
Q

analogRead(pin);

A

returns analog voltage of a pin, for analog input pins ONLY

64
Q

digitalRead(pin);

A

returns digital voltage of a pin, for I/O digital pins only

65
Q

analogWrite(pin, value);

A

writes an analog voltage (0-255) to a pin, for PWM pins only (~)

66
Q

digitalWrite(pin, value);

A

writes digital voltage (HIGH or LOW) to a pin, for digital I/O pins

67
Q

delay(value);

A

pauses arduino program for some time (value) in milliseconds

68
Q

Serial.begin(baud);

A

starts the serial monitor which displays input/output values, baud is usually 9600

69
Q

Serial.print(message);

A

prints text into serial monitor, use “ “ for text

70
Q

for loop

A

runs block of code for certain amount of iterations

71
Q

4 parts of a for loop

A

loop variable, loop condition, loop variable modification, looped code

72
Q

explain the parts of this loop

for (int test = 0; test = 10; test = test+1) {
}

A

int test = 0 -> predefined loop counter at 0
test = 10 -> sets the limit to how many times the loop should iterate
test = test+1 -> sets the increment that the counter increases by per iteration

73
Q

while loop

A

loop runs indefinitely while statement is true

74
Q

2 parts of while loop

A

condition and looped code

75
Q

explain the parts of this loop

int var = 0
while (var < 200) {
var = var + 1 }

A

int var = 0 is defining the variable as an integer, equal to 0
the while loop will only operate under the condition that var is less than 200
each iteration 1 is added to var

76
Q

if

A

conditional statement, only runs if it is true

77
Q

else

A

runs prior if statement is false

78
Q

CAD

A

fairly basic but powerful software, better for additive as subtractive is hard to visually create, can be buggy and files can be exported as STL for 3D printing

79
Q

you can only access code in tinkered if

A

microprocessor (Arduino) is present

80
Q

circuits on tinkercad provide

A

dynamic simulations for user interaction

81
Q

debug in tinkercad

A

click debug
add breakpoint (select line(s) of code to debug)
simulate
step (right bar)
hover over variables to see values

82
Q

old school debug

A

print everything into serial monitor

83
Q
A
84
Q
A
85
Q
A

bme101 arduino (1 decks)

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