Area of Study 2: Classical

Question 1

What are key characteristics of the Classical era (melody wise)?

Answer 1

Balanced, elegant, symmetrical (4 or 8 bar phrases)

Question 2

What are key characteristics of the Classical era (harmony wise)?

Answer 2

Diatonic, functional (I-IV-V-I), clear cadences

Question 3

What are key characteristics of the Classical era (texture wise)?

Answer 3

Mainly homophonic (melody + accompaniment)

Question 4

What are key characteristics of the Classical era (dynamics wise)?

Answer 4

Use of crescendo and decrescendo (no terraced dynamics)

Question 5

What are key characteristics of the Classical era (structure wise)?

Answer 5

Sonata form, minuet & trio, theme & variations, rondo form, ternary form

Question 6

What instruments were played during the Classical era?

Answer 6

Strings: Violin I, Violin II, Viola, Cello, Double Bass

Woodwinds (in pairs): Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon

Brass: Horns, trumpets (natural - no valves)

Percussion: Timpani only (pitched drums)

Keyboard: Piano replaces harpsichord, meaning it can use different dynamics

Question 7

What are common classical era forms?

Answer 7

Sonata form:
Exposition: Theme 1 (tonic), theme 2 (dominant)
Development: Modulation, variation, fragmentation
Recapitulation: Both themes return in tonic

Minuet & trio:
Triple time dance
Ternary form: Minuet (A), - Trio (B), Minuet (A)