Argumentative Paper Test

Question 1

General method:

Answer 1

1. Introduction
2. Statement of the case
3. Refutation
4. Confirmation
5. Digression
6. Conclusion
   ISRCDC

Question 2

Refutation

Answer 2

Examine and refute opposing arguments. Whenever possible expose faulty reasoning

Question 3

Avoid…

Answer 3

Avoid logical fallacies

Question 4

Arrange points in order of:

Answer 4

1. Second most important point
2. Point of lesser importance
3. Point if lesser importance
4. Most important point

Question 5

The three persuasive appeals:

Answer 5

By Aristotle,
Logos
Pathos
Ethos

Question 6

Logos

Answer 6

The appeal to reason

Question 7

Pathos

Answer 7

The appeal to emotion

Question 8

Ethos

Answer 8

The persuasive appeal to one’s character

Question 9

Assertion:

Answer 9

Any statement a speaker or writer means to be taken for true

Question 10

All…____

Answer 10

All statements in arguments are assertions, but not all assertions are arguments

Question 11

Premise:

Answer 11

The evidence upon which a piece of reasoning is based

Question 12

How can you support an argument?

Answer 12

Facts
Statistics
Quotes/expert testimony
Examples

Question 13

Facts:

Answer 13

A powerful means of convincing

Question 14

Statistics

Answer 14

These can provide excellent support.

Question 15

Quotes/expert testimony

Answer 15

Direct quotes from experts arguing your side is invaluable

Question 16

Examples:

Answer 16

Enhance your meaning and make your ideas concrete. They are the proof

Question 17

A truth:

Answer 17

“Truth” is an idea believed by many people, but cannot be proven

Question 18

Inductive reasoning:

Answer 18

List all of the known facts, data, evidence, relevant support and use it to reach a conclusion

Question 19

Deductive reasoning:

Answer 19

Consider a situation or condition, then analyze and evaluate all of the known evidence, facts, and data to explain the condition

Question 20

Ad hominem (against the man)

Answer 20

the person is being attacked instead of the issue thats argued or discussed

Question 21

Doubtful cause (post hoc)

Answer 21

A conclusion is made based on the sequence or proximity of events, rather than a real cause-and-effect relationship

Question 22

False Analogy

Answer 22

An analogy is a comparison, but often comparisons are made between unlike things

Question 23

False dilemma

Answer 23

known as the black-and-white fallacy

the arguer proposes a situation as “either or” when there may be several possible outcomes.

Question 24

Faulting emotional appeals

Answer 24

Appealing to the emotions and values of the audience is important however, they should not detract from the argument or be irrelevant they should not use a negative emotion.

Question 25

Hasty generalizations

Answer 25

A conclusion is drawn based on insufficient evidence.

These conclusions are usually prejudice or based on incorrect cause-and-effect relationship

Question 26

Slippery slope

Answer 26

Occurs when a writer takes a bad short cut and predicts that when a first step is taken, then a second inevitable situation will occur

Question 27

Tradition

Answer 27

Simply because something has existed for a long time does not relieve the writer of explaining the reasoning, the “why” behind it

Question 28

Two Wrongs Make a Right

Answer 28

The issue is lost when this logical fallacy is used

Ex. “18 year old can smoke so that means they should be able to drink”

Question 29

Argumentum ad populum

Bandwagon

Answer 29

“Don’t be left out! Buy our Chevette today!”

Question 30

Argumentum ad Vericundiam

Answer 30

Appeal to authority

Joe Namath selling pantyhose; Joe DiMaggio selling Mr. Coffee

Question 31

Begging the question

Answer 31

The reasoning is circular

Question 32

2 purposes of a research paper

Answer 32

To analyze

To argue

Question 33

Analyze

Answer 33

Uses evidence to analyze facets of an issue

Guided by a research question

Question 34

To argue

Answer 34

To Use evidence to convince the reader of a particular stance on a debatable topic

Guided by a thesis

Question 35

Differences between arguing and analyzing

Answer 35

The thesis in the argumentative paper as compared to the research question in the analytical paper

Question 36

Features of a thesis

Answer 36

One to two sentences

Argues one point-doesn’t squeeze more than one thesis into one paper

Question 37

an outline

Answer 37

An outline reflects logical thinking and clear classification

Question 38

Brainstorm:

Answer 38

List all the ideas that you want to include in your paper

Question 39

An outline has a balanced structure based on the following principles

Answer 39

Parallelism
Coordination
Subordination
Division