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Arm and Hand Muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

Origin of Biceps brachii

A

Long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; short head-apex of coracoid process

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2
Q

Insertion of Biceps brachii

A

Tuberosity of radius

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3
Q

Innervation of Biceps brachii

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]

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4
Q

Function of Biceps brachii

A

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint and supinator of the forearm; accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

Origin of Brachialis

A

Anterior aspect of humerus (medial and lateral surfaces) and adjacent intermuscular septae

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6
Q

Insertion of Brachialis

A

Tuberosity of the ulna

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7
Q

Innervation of Brachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]

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8
Q

Function of Brachialis

A

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

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9
Q

Origin of Coracobrachialis

A

Apex of coracoid process

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10
Q

Insertion of Coracobrachialis

A

Linear roughening on midshaft of humerus on medial side

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11
Q

Innervation of Coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6, C7]

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12
Q

Function of Coracobrachialis

A

Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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13
Q

Origin of Triceps brachii

A

Long head-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; medial head-posterior surface of humerus; lateral head-posterior surface of humerus

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14
Q

Insertion of Triceps brachii

A

Olecranon

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15
Q

Innervation of Triceps brachii

A

Radial nerve [C6, C7, C8]

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16
Q

Function of Triceps brachii

A

Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint. Long head can also extend and adduct the arm at the shoulder joint

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17
Q

Origin of Brachioradialis

A

Proximal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

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18
Q

Insertion of Brachioradialis

A

Lateral surface of distal end of radius

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19
Q

Innervation of Brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve [C5, C6]

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20
Q

Function of Brachioradialis

A

Accessory flexor of elbow joint when forearm is midpronated

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21
Q

Origin of Pronator teres

A

Humeral head-medial epicondyle and adjacent supraepicondylar ridge; ulnar head-medial side of coronoid process

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22
Q

Insertion of Pronator teres

A

Roughening on lateral surface, midshaft, of radius

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23
Q

Innervation of Pronator teres

A

Median nerve [C6, C7]

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24
Q

Function of Pronator teres

A

Pronation

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25
Origin of Pronator quadratus
Linear ridge on distal anterior surface of ulna
26
Insertion of Pronator quadratus
Distal anterior surface of radius
27
Innervation of Pronator quadratus
Median nerve [C7, C8]
28
Function of Pronator quadratus
Pronation
29
Origin of Supinator
Superficial part-lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and anular ligaments; deep part-supinator crest of the ulna
30
Insertion of Supinator
Lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line
31
Innervation of Supinator
Posterior interosseous nerve [C6, C7]
32
Function of Supinator
Supination
33
Origin of Palmaris longus
Medial epicondyle of humerus
34
Insertion of Palmaris longus
Palmar aponeurosis of hand
35
Innervation of Palmaris longus
Median nerve [C7, C8]
36
Function of Palmaris longus
Flexes wrist joint; because the palmar aponeurosis anchors skin of the hand, contraction of the muscle resists shearing forces when gripping
37
Origin of Flexor carpi ulnaris
Humeral head-medial epicondyle of humerus; ulnar head-olecranon and posterior border of ulna
38
Insertion of Flexor carpi ulnaris
Pisiform bone, and then via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments into the hamate and base of metacarpal V
39
Innervation of Flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve [C7, C8, T1]
40
Function of Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes and adducts the wrist joint
41
Origin of Flexor pollicis longus
Anterior surface of radius and radial half of interosseous membrane
42
Insertion of Flexor pollicis longus
Palmar surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
43
Innervation of Flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) [C7, C8]
44
Function of Flexor pollicis longus
Flexes interphalangeal joint of the thumb; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
45
Origin of Flexor digitorum superficialis
Humero-ulnar head-medial epicondyle of humerus and adjacent margin of coronoid process; radial head-oblique line of radius
46
Insertion of Flexor digitorum superficialis
Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers
47
Innervation of Flexor digitorum superficialis
Median nerve [C8, T1]
48
Function of Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint
49
Origin of Flexor digitorum profundus
Anterior and medial surfaces of ulna and anterior medial half of interosseous membrane
50
Insertion of Flexor digitorum profundus
Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers
51
Innervation of Flexor digitorum profundus
Lateral half by median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve); medial half by ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
52
Function of Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexes distal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint
53
Origin of Flexor carpi radialis
Medial epicondyle of humerus
54
Insertion of Flexor carpi radialis
Base of metacarpals II and III
55
Innervation of Flexor carpi radialis
Median nerve [C6, C7]
56
Function of Flexor carpi radialis
Flexes and abducts the wrist
57
Origin of Flexor pollicis brevis
Tubercle of the trapezium and flexor retinaculum
58
Insertion of Flexor pollicis brevis
Proximal phalanx of the thumb
59
Innervation of Flexor pollicis brevis
Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
60
Function of Flexor pollicis brevis
Flexes thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
61
Origin of Abductor pollicis brevis
Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum
62
Insertion of Abductor pollicis brevis
Proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb
63
Innervation of Abductor pollicis brevis
Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
64
Function of Abductor pollicis brevis
Abducts thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
65
Origin of Opponens pollicis
Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum
66
Insertion of Opponens pollicis
Lateral margin and adjacent palmar surface of metacarpal I
67
Innervation of Opponens pollicis
Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]
68
Function of Opponens pollicis
Medially rotates thumb
69
Origin of Abductor digiti minimi
Pisiform, the pisohamate ligament, and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
70
Insertion of Abductor digiti minimi
Proximal phalanx of little finger
71
Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
72
Function of Abductor digiti minimi
Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
73
Origin of Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Hook of the hamate and flexor retinaculum
74
Insertion of Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Proximal phalanx of little finger
75
Innervation of Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
76
Function of Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
77
Origin of Opponens digiti minimi
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
78
Insertion of Opponens digiti minimi
Medial aspect of metacarpal V
79
Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
80
Function of Opponens digiti minimi
Laterally rotates metacarpal V
81
Origin of Palmaris brevis
Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
82
Insertion of Palmaris brevis
Dermis of skin on the medial margin of the hand
83
Innervation of Palmaris brevis
Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
84
Function of Palmaris brevis
Improves grip
85
Origin of Extensor carpi radialis longus
Distal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum
86
Insertion of Extensor carpi radialis longus
Dorsal surface of base of metacarpal II
87
Innervation of Extensor carpi radialis longus
Radial nerve [C6, C7] before division into superficial and deep branches
88
Function of Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extends and abducts the wrist
89
Origin of Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum
90
Insertion of Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Dorsal surface of base of metacarpals II and III
91
Innervation of Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Deep branch of radial nerve [C7, C8
92
Function of Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extends and abducts the wrist
93
Origin of Extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
94
Insertion of Extensor carpi ulnaris
Tubercle on the base of the medial side of metacarpal V
95
Innervation of Extensor carpi ulnaris
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
96
Function of Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends and adducts the wrist
97
Origin of Extensor digitorum
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum and deep fascia
98
Insertion of Extensor digitorum
Four tendons, which insert via extensor hoods into the dorsal aspects of the bases of the middle and distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers
99
Innervation of Extensor digitorum
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
100
Function of Extensor digitorum
Extends the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also extend the wrist
101
Origin of Extensor indicis
Posterior surface of ulna (distal to extensor pollicis longus) and adjacent interosseous membrane
102
Insertion of Extensor indicis
Extensor hood of index finger
103
Innervation of Extensor indicis
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
104
Function of Extensor indicis
Extends index finger
105
Origin of Extensor digiti minimi
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum together with extensor digitorum
106
Insertion of Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor hood of the little finger
107
Innervation of Extensor digiti minimi
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
108
Function of Extensor digiti minimi
Extends the little finger
109
Origin of Extensor pollicis longus
Posterior surface of radius (distal to abductor pollicis longus) and the adjacent interosseous membrane
110
Insertion of Extensor pollicis brevis
Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
111
Innervation of Extensor pollicis brevis
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
112
Function of Extensor pollicis brevis
Extends metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb; can also extend the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
113
Origin of Abductor pollicis longus
Posterior surfaces of ulna and radius (distal to the attachments of supinator and anconeus), and intervening interosseous membrane
114
Insertion of Abductor pollicis longus
Lateral side of base of metacarpal I
115
Innervation of Abductor pollicis longus
Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]
116
Function of Abductor pollicis longus
Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb; accessory extensor of the thumb
117
Origin of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)
Adjacent sides of metacarpals
118
Insertion of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)
Extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers
119
Innervation of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
120
Function of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)
Abduction of index, middle, and ring fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
121
Origin of Palmar interossei (four muscles)
Sides of metacarpals
122
Insertion of Palmar interossei (four muscles)
Extensor hoods of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers and the proximal phalanx of thumb
123
Innervation of Palmar interossei (four muscles)
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
124
Function of Palmar interossei (four muscles)
Adduction of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints
125
Origin of Lumbricals (four muscles)
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
126
Insertion of Lumbricals (four muscles)
Extensor hoods of index, ring, middle, and little fingers
127
Innervation of Lumbricals (four muscles)
Medial two by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve; lateral two by digital branches of the median nerve
128
Function of Lumbricals (four muscles)
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints
129
Origin of Adductor pollicis
Transverse head-metacarpal III; oblique head-capitate and bases of metacarpals II and III
130
Insertion of Adductor pollicis
Base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb
131
Innervation of Adductor pollicis
Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]
132
Function of Adductor pollicis
Adducts thumb
133
Extensors of Elbow Joint
``` Triceps brachii Extensor capri ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Supinator (superficial part) ```
134
Flexiors of Elbow Joint
``` Biceps brachii Brachialis (most powerful) Brachioradialis Common flexor group Pronator Teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialias ```
135
Suppination of Forearm
Biceps brachii | Suppinator
136
Pronator of Forearm
Pronator teres | Pronator quadratus
137
Flexors at Radiocarpal Joint
* Palmaris longus * Flexor carpi ulnaris * Flexor carpi radialis * Flexor digitorum superficialis * Flexor digitorum profundus
138
Extensors at Radiocarpal Joint
* Extensor carpi radialis longus * Extensor carpi radialis brevis * Extensor carpi ulnaris * Extensor digitorum
139
Muscles for Radial Deviation (Abduction) at Radiocarpal Joint
* Flexor carpi radialis * Extensor carpi radialis longus * Extensor carpi radialis brevis
140
Muscles of Ulnar Deviation (Adduction) at Radiocarpal Joint
Flexor carpi ulnaris | Extensor carpi ulnaris
141
Flexor at IP Joint
Flexor pollicis longus
142
Extensor at IP Joint
Extensor pollicis longus
143
Flexors at MCP Joint
Flexor pollicis longus | Flexor pollicis brevis
144
Origin of Deltoid
Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle
145
Insertion of Deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
146
Innervation of Deltoid
Axillary nerve [C5, C6]
147
Function of Deltoid
Major abductor of arm (abducts arm beyond initial 15° done by supraspinatus); clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; posterior fibers assist in extending the arm

Anatomy (10 decks)

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