Superficial Back Muscles

Question 1

Origin of Trapezius

Answer 1

Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of CVII to TXII

Question 2

Insertion of Trapezius

Answer 2

Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Question 3

Innervation of Trapezius

Answer 3

Motor-accessory nerve [XI]; proprioception-C3 and C4

Question 4

Function of Trapezius

Answer 4

Assists in rotating the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal; upper fibers elevate, middle fibers adduct, and lower fibers depress scapula

Question 5

Origin of Rhomboid major

Answer 5

Spinous processes of TII to TV

Question 6

Insertion of Rhomboid major

Answer 6

Medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle

Question 7

Innervation of Rhomboid major

Answer 7

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

Question 8

Function of Rhomboid major

Answer 8

Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

Question 9

Origin of Rhomboid minor

Answer 9

Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of CVII and TI

Question 10

Insertion of Rhomboid minor

Answer 10

Medial border of scapula at the spine of scapula

Question 11

Innervation of Rhomboid minor

Answer 11

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

Question 12

Function of Rhomboid minor

Answer 12

Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

Question 13

Origin of Levator scapulae

Answer 13

Transverse processes of CI to CIV

Question 14

Insertion of Levator scapulae

Answer 14

Upper portion medial border of scapula

Question 15

Innervation of Levator scapulae

Answer 15

C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

Question 16

Function of Levator scapulae

Answer 16

Elevates scapula

Question 17

Origin of Serratus anterior

Answer 17

Lateral surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs and deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces

Question 18

Insertion of Serratus anterior

Answer 18

Costal surface of medial border of scapula

Question 19

Innervation of Serratus anterior

Answer 19

Long thoracic nerve [C5, C6, C7]

Question 20

Function of Serratus anterior

Answer 20

Protraction and rotation of the scapula; keeps medial border and inferior angle of scapula opposed to thoracic wall

Question 21

Origin of Teres major

Answer 21

Elongate oval area on the posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 22

Insertion of Teres major

Answer 22

Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus on the anterior surface of the humerus

Question 23

Innervation of Teres major

Answer 23

Lower subscapular nerve [C5, C6, C7]

Question 24

Function of Teres major

Answer 24

Medial rotation and extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 25

Origin of Teres minor

Answer 25

Upper two-thirds of a flattened strip of bone on the posterior surface of the scapula immediately adjacent to the lateral border of the scapula

Question 26

Insertion of Teres minor

Answer 26

Inferior facet on the posterior surface of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 27

Innervation of Teres minor

Answer 27

Axillary nerve [C5, C6]

Question 28

Function of Teres minor

Answer 28

Rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 29

Origin of Supraspinatus

Answer 29

Medial two-thirds of the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and the deep fascia that covers the muscle

Question 30

Insertion of Supraspinatus

Answer 30

Most superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 31

Innervation of Supraspinatus

Answer 31

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

Question 32

Function of Supraspinatus

Answer 32

Rotator cuff muscle; initiation of abduction of arm to 15° at glenohumeral joint

Question 33

Origin of Infraspinatus

Answer 33

Medial two-thirds of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and the deep fascia that covers the muscle

Question 34

Insertion of Infraspinatus

Answer 34

Middle facet on posterior surface of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 35

Innervation of Infraspinatus

Answer 35

Suprascapular nerve [C5, C6]

Question 36

Function of Infraspinatus

Answer 36

Rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 37

Origin of Subscapularis

Answer 37

Medial two-thirds of subscapular fossa

Question 38

Insertion of Subscapularis

Answer 38

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 39

Innervation of Subscapularis

Answer 39

Upper and lower subscapular nerves [C5, C6, (C7)]

Question 40

Function of Subscapularis

Answer 40

Rotator cuff muscle; medial rotation of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

Question 41

Origin of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 41

Spinous processes of TVII to LV and sacrum, iliac crest, ribs X to XII

Question 42

Insertion of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 42

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 43

Innervation of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 43

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6 to C8)

Question 44

Function of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 44

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus