Arm and shoulder muscles

Question 1

Serratus anterior origin

Answer 1

External surfaces of the upper 8 or 9 ribs.

Question 2

Serratus anterior insertion

Answer 2

Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula.

Question 3

Serratus anterior actions with origin fixed

Answer 3

Abduct, upwardly rotate and depress the scapula at the scapulothoracic joint, Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage.

Question 4

Serratus anterior innervation

Answer 4

Long thoracic nerve

Question 5

Serratus anterior actions with the scapula fixed

Answer 5

May act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation.

Question 6

Serratus anterior palpation key

Answer 6

Supine, flex the shoulder to 90 degrees. Place the hand on the posterior ribs and have client alternate between abducting and relaxing the scapula.

Question 7

Pectoralis minor origin

Answer 7

Third, fourth and fifth ribs

Question 8

Pectoralis minor insertion

Answer 8

Medial surface of the coracoid process of the scapula

Question 9

Pectoralis minor actions

Answer 9

Depress, abduct and downwardly rotate the scapula at the S/T joint. Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation when the scapula is fixed.

Question 10

Pectoralis minor innervation

Answer 10

Medial pectoral nerve and fibers from the communicating branch of the lateral pectoral nerve.

Question 11

Pectoralis minor palpation key

Answer 11

Side-lying, arm flexed and pulled anteriorly. Run thumb under pectoralis major. Ask partner to depress scapula.

Question 12

Coracobrachialis origin

Answer 12

Coracoid process of the scapula

Question 13

Coracobrachialis insertion

Answer 13

Medial surface of the mid-humeral shaft.

Question 14

Coracobrachialis Actions

Answer 14

Flex and adduct the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint.

Question 15

Coracobrachialis innervation

Answer 15

Musculocutaneous

Question 16

Coracobrachialis palpation key

Answer 16

Supine, laterally rotate and abduct the shoulder to 45 degrees. Place hand along medial side of arm and perform horizontal adduction with resistance.

Question 17

Muscles which flex the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 17

Deltoid (anterior), pectoralis major (upper), biceps brachii, coracobrachialis.

Question 18

Muscles which extend the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 18

Deltoid (posterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major (lower), triceps brachii (long head)

Question 19

Muscles which horizontally abduct the shoulder

Answer 19

Deltoid (posterior)

Question 20

Muscles which horizontally adduct the shoulder

Answer 20

Deltoid (anterior), pectoralis major (upper)

Question 21

Muscles which abduct the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 21

Deltoid, supraspinatus

Question 22

Muscles which adduct the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 22

Latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, triceps brachii (long head), coracobrachialis

Question 23

Muscles which laterally rotate the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 23

Deltoid (posterior), infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 24

Muscles which medially rotate the shoulder at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 24

Deltoid (anterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis, pectoralis major

Question 25

Muscles which elevate the scapula

Answer 25

Trapezius (upper), rhomboids, levator scapula

Question 26

Muscles which depress the scapula

Answer 26

Trapezius (lower), serratus anterior (with origin fixed), pectoralis minor

Question 27

Muscles which adduct the scapula

Answer 27

Trapezius (middle), rhomboids

Question 28

Muscles which abduct the scapula

Answer 28

Serratus anterior (with origin fixed), pectoralis minor

Question 29

Muscles which upwardly rotate the scapula

Answer 29

Trapezius (upper and lower), serratus anterior (with origin fixed)

Question 30

Muscles which downwardly rotate the scapula

Answer 30

Rhomboids, levator scapula, pectoralis minor

Question 31

Latissimus dorsi origin

Answer 31

Inferior angle of the scapula, spinous processes of the last six thoracic vertebrae, last 3 or 4 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia and posterior iliac crest.

Question 32

Latissimus dorsi insertion

Answer 32

Intertubercular groove

Question 33

Teres major origin

Answer 33

Inferior angle and lower third of the lateral border of the scapula.

Question 34

Teres major insertion

Answer 34

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

Question 35

Teres major innervation

Answer 35

Lower subscapular

Question 36

Rhomboid major origin

Answer 36

Spinous processes of T2 to T5

Question 37

Rhomboid major insertion

Answer 37

Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and the inferior angle.

Question 38

Rhomboid major innervation

Answer 38

Dorsal scapula

Question 39

Rhomboid minor origin

Answer 39

Spinous processes of C7 and T1

Question 40

Rhomboid minor insertion

Answer 40

Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from the spine of the scapula.

Question 41

Rhomboid minor innervation

Answer 41

Dorsal scapular

Question 42

Trapezius origin

Answer 42

External occipital protuberance, medial portion of the superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae, SPs of C7-T12

Question 43

Trapezius insertion

Answer 43

Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and the spine of the scapula

Question 44

Trapezius innervation

Answer 44

Cranial nerve 11

Question 45

Lower trapezius actions

Answer 45

Depress and upwardly rotate the scapula

Question 46

Upper trapezius actions

Answer 46

Extend the head and neck, side bend the neck, rotate the neck to the opposite side, elevate and upwardly rotate the scapula.

Question 47

Pectoralis major origin

Answer 47

Medial half of the clavicle, sternum and cartilage of the first through sixth ribs.

Question 48

Pectoralis major insertion

Answer 48

Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 49

Pectoralis major actions

Answer 49

All fibers adduct and medially rotate the shoulder. Upper fibers also flex and horizontally adduct the shoulder. Lower fibers also extend the shoulder to neutral.

Question 50

Pectoralis major innervation

Answer 50

Lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve in the upper fibers.

Question 51

Subclavius origin

Answer 51

First rib and cartilage

Question 52

Subclavius insertion

Answer 52

Interior surface of the middle third of the clavicle.

Question 53

Subclavius actions

Answer 53

Depress the clavicle and draw it anteriorly, elevate the first rib and stabilize the SC joint

Question 54

Subclavius innervation

Answer 54

Subclavian

Question 55

Teres minor origin

Answer 55

Upper two thirds of lateral border of the scapula

Question 56

Teres minor insertion

Answer 56

Greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 57

Teres minor actions

Answer 57

Laterally rotate and adduct the shoulder, stabilize the head of the humerus

Question 58

Teres minor innervation

Answer 58

Axillary

Question 59

Biceps brachii origin

Answer 59

Coracoid process of the scapula and supraglenoid tubercle

Question 60

Biceps brachii insertion

Answer 60

Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the the biceps brachii.

Question 61

Biceps brachii actions

Answer 61

Flex the elbow and shoudler and supinate the forearm

Question 62

Triceps brachii origin

Answer 62

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and posterior surface of the humerus.

Question 63

Triceps brachii innervation

Answer 63

Radial

Question 64

Triceps brachii actions

Answer 64

Extend the elbow. THe long head also extends and adducts the shoulder.

Question 65

Levator scapula origin

Answer 65

Transverse processes of the first through fourth vertebrae.

Question 66

Levator scapula insertion

Answer 66

Medial border of the scapula, between the superior angle and superior portion of the spine of the scapula.

Question 67

Levator scapula innervation

Answer 67

Cervical and dorsal scapular