Lower leg muscles

Question 1

Tibialis posterior origin

Answer 1

Proximal, posterior shafts of the tibia and fibula and the interosseous membrane.

Question 2

Tibialis posterior insertion

Answer 2

All five tarsal bones and the bases of the second through fourth metatarsals.

Question 3

Tibialis posterior actions

Answer 3

Invert the foot at the subtalar joint and plantarflex the foot at the talocrural joint.

Question 4

Tibialis posterior innervation

Answer 4

Tibial nerve

Question 5

Tibialis posterior palpation key

Answer 5

Locate the medial malleolus, then slide posteriorly and proximally. Resist inversion.

Question 6

Fibularis brevis origin

Answer 6

Distal two thirds of the lateral fibula

Question 7

Fibularis brevis insertion

Answer 7

Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal

Question 8

Fibularis brevis actions

Answer 8

Evert the foot at the subtalar joint, assist to plantarflex the foot at the talocrural joint.

Question 9

Fibularis brevis innervation

Answer 9

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 10

Fibularis brevis palpation key

Answer 10

Side-lying, resist eversion

Question 11

Popliteus oirigin

Answer 11

Lateral condyle of the femur

Question 12

Popliteus insertion

Answer 12

Proximal, posterior aspect of the tibia

Question 13

Popliteus actions

Answer 13

Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee

Question 14

Popliteus innervation

Answer 14

Tibial nerve

Question 15

Popliteus palpation key

Answer 15

Prone with the knee flexed. Locate the tibial tuberosity and slide medially. Curl the fingers onto the posterior shaft of the tibia.

Question 16

Plantaris origin

Answer 16

Lateral supracondylar line of the femur

Question 17

Plantaris insertion

Answer 17

Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Question 18

Plantaris Actions

Answer 18

Weak plantarflexion of the ankle and weak flexion of the knee

Question 19

Plantaris innervation

Answer 19

Tibial nerve

Question 20

Plantaris palpation key

Answer 20

Prone with knee flexed, feel above the gatroc heads, moving lateral to medial.

Question 21

Muscles which plantarflex the talocrural joint

Answer 21

Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, fibularis longus and brevis, plantaris

Question 22

Muscles which dorsiflex the talocrural joint

Answer 22

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus

Question 23

Muscles which invert the foot

Answer 23

Tibialis anterior and posterior

Question 24

Muscles which evert the foot

Answer 24

Fibularis longus and brevis, extensor digitorum longus

Question 25

Tibialis anterior origin

Answer 25

Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal lateral surface of the tibia and the interosseous membrane.

Question 26

Tibialis anterior insertion

Answer 26

Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal

Question 27

Tibialis anterior actions

Answer 27

Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle.

Question 28

Tibialis anterior innervation

Answer 28

Deep fibular nerve

Question 29

Fibularis longus origin

Answer 29

Head of the fibula and proximal two thirds of the lateral fibula.

Question 30

Fibularis longus insertion

Answer 30

Base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform

Question 31

Fibularis longus actions

Answer 31

Evert the foot and assist to plantarflex the ankle.

Question 32

Fibularis longus innervation

Answer 32

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 33

Extensor digitorum longus origin

Answer 33

Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal anterior shaft of the fibular, interosseous membrane.

Question 34

Extensor digitorum longus insertion

Answer 34

Middle and distal phalanges of the second through fifth toes.

Question 35

Extensor digitorum longus actions

Answer 35

Extend the toes, dorsiflex the ankle and evert the foot.

Question 36

Extensor digitorum longus innervation

Answer 36

Deep fibular nerve

Question 37

Flexor hallucis longus origin

Answer 37

Middle half of the posterior fibula

Question 38

Flexor hallucis longus insertion

Answer 38

Distal phalanx of the first toe

Question 39

Flexor hallucis lungus actions

Answer 39

Flex the first toe, invert the foot and weakly plantarflex the ankle

Question 40

Flexor hallucis longus innervation

Answer 40

Tibial nerve

Question 41

Extensor hallucis longus origin

Answer 41

Middle, anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane

Question 42

Extensor hallucis longus insertion

Answer 42

Distal phalanx of the first toe

Question 43

Extensor hallucis longus actions

Answer 43

Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle and invert the foot.

Question 44

Extensor hallucis longus innervation

Answer 44

Deep fibular nerve

Question 45

Flexor digitorum longus origin

Answer 45

Middle, posterior surface of the tibia

Question 46

Flexor digitorum longus insertion

Answer 46

Distal phalanges of the second through fifth toes

Question 47

Flexor digitorum longus actions

Answer 47

Flex the second through fifth toes, invert the foot and wekaly plantarflex the ankle.

Question 48

Flexor digitorum longus innervation

Answer 48

Tibial nerve