Arm, Cubetal Fossa, Forearm

Question 1

Proximal segment of the upper limb from the shoulder to the elbow

Answer 1

upper arm
arm
brachium

Question 2

The upper arm is divided into what two compartments:

Answer 2

1) anterior osseofascial compartment
2) posterior osseofascial compartment

Compartments are divided by a sheath of deep fascia extending inwards to form 2 fascial intermuscular septa:
* medial intermuscular septum
* lateral intermuscular septum

Septa are attached to the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges of the humerus respectively

Question 3

Contents of the Anterior Arm Osseofascial Compartment

Muscles - Motor Nerve Supply - Blood Supply

Answer 3

Muscles
* biceps brachii
* coracobrachialis
* brachialis

Motor Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial artery

Question 4

Contents of the Posterior Arm Osseofascial Compartment

Muscles - Motor Nerve Supply - Blood Supply

Answer 4

Muscles: Triceps brachii
Motor Nerve Supply: Radial nerve

Blood Supply:
* Profunda brachii artery
* Ulnar collateral arteries

Question 5

Contents of Arm Osseofascial Compartments

Memorize

Answer 5

Question 6

Structures passing through Anterior Osseofascial Compartment

Answer 6

• musculocutaneous nerve
• median nerve
• ulnar nerve
• brachial artery
• basilic vein
• radial nerve - at the lower part of the compartment

Question 7

Structures Passing through Posterior Osseofascial Compartment

Answer 7

• radial nerve
• ulnar nerve
• profunda brachii vessels

Question 8

What is the arterial blood supply of the biceps brachii?

Answer 8

Brachial artery

Question 9

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 9

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 10

What occurs as a result of the action of the unopposed flexor muscles of the wrist and the inability to hold the wrist in extension against gravity?

Answer 10

Wrist drop

Question 11

What structure is involved in wrist drop

Answer 11

Radial nerve

supplies all the muscles in the posterior compartments of the arm and forearm - triceps, anconeus, and long extensors of the wrist

Can be injured in the axilla or by fractures of the humerus

Question 12

Area connecting the arm and the forearm

Answer 12

elbow

Question 13

Triangular depression that lies in the anterior aspect of the elbow

Answer 13

cubital fossa

Question 14

Cubital Fossa Boundaries

Answer 14

• Laterally: brachioradialis muscle
• Medially: Pronator teres muscle
• Base: imaginary line between the 2 epicondyles of the humerus forming the base of the triangle
• Floor: supinator muscle laterally; brachialis muscle medially
• Roof: skin, fascia, and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 15

Cubita Fossa Contents

Answer 15

(medial to lateral)
* median nerve
* bifurcation of the brachial artery - ulnar and radial artery
* tendon of the biceps muscle
* radial nerve and its deep branch

Question 16

Segment of the upper limb from the elbow to the wrist

Answer 16

forearm
lower arm
antebrachium

Question 17

A strong ligamentous band that unites the shafts of the radius and the ulna and also provides additional surface area for the attachments of the neighboring muscles of the forearm

Answer 17

interosseous membrane

Question 18

Structures that divide the forearm into compartments

Answer 18

• deep fascia
• interosseous membrane
• fibrous intermuscular septa

Question 19

The forearm is divided into how many compartments

Answer 19

3 compartments:
* posterior
* anterior
* lateral

Question 20

Contents of Forearm Osseofascial Compartments

Memorize

Answer 20

Question 21

(1) Anterior compartment arm muscle general movement

(2) Posterior compartment arm muscle general movement

Answer 21

(1) flexors

(2) extensors

Arm muscles influence the shoulder and/or elbow joints

Question 22

Powerful flexor of the elbow joint and supinator
+ Weak flexor of the shoulder joint

Answer 22

Biceps Brachii

Question 23

Forearm muscles influence the elbow, wrist, and digits
1) anterior compartment forearm muscles general movement
2) lateral and posterior compartment forearm muscles

Answer 23

1) flexion or pronation
2) extension or supination

Question 24

Nerve supply of the forearm muscles in the:
1) anterior compartment
2) lateral and posterior compartment

Answer 24

1) median and ulnar nerve
2) radial nerve

Question 25

Anterior Forearm Muscles | Memorize

Answer 25

Question 26

Lateral Forearm Muscles | Memorize

Answer 26

Question 27

Posterior Forearm Muscles | Memorize

Answer 27

Question 28

Extensor of the Elbows

Answer 28

Triceps Brachii

Question 29

Major structures that pass between the arm and forearm traverse anterior to the cubital fossa except for ()

Answer 29

Ulnar nerve which passes posterior to the medial epicondyle

Question 30

Structures going from forearm to hand pass anterior the carpal tunnel except for ()

Answer 30

The radial artery that pass dorsally around the wrist to enter the hand

Question 31

(True/False) Radius is proximally small and large distally while ulna is proximally broad and distally small

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Common tendon of origin for the posterior forearm muscles - superficial group

Answer 32

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Question 33

Blood supply of the: 1) anterior forearm muscles 2) lateral forearm muscles 3) posterior forearm muscles

Answer 33

1) ulnar artery & radial artery 2) radial artery & brachial artery 3) posterior & anterior interosseus arteries

Question 34

Nerve supply of the: 1) anterior forearm muscles 2) lateral forearm muscles 3) posterior forearm muscles

Answer 34

1) median & ulnar nerve 2) radial nerve 3) deep branch of the radial nerve

Question 35

Common tendon of origin for anterior forearm muscles

Answer 35

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Question 36

All of the anterior forearm muscles are innervated by the median nerve except for which muscle innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 36

* flexor carpi ulnaris * medial part of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 37

Pronators of the hand

Answer 37

(1) pronator teres (2) pronator quadratus

Question 38

What muscle maintains the position of the palm of the hand over the axis during pronation

Answer 38

Anconeus

Question 39

Supinators of the forearm

Answer 39

(1) biceps brachii (2) supinator

Question 40

During pronation and supination, the bones are held together by:

Answer 40

(1) anular ligament of radius (2) interosseus membrane (3) articular disc at the distal radioulnar joint

Question 41

Major structures pass anterior to the cubital fossa except for

Answer 41

ulnar nerve | passes posterior to the medial epicondyle