ARMENIAN GENOCIDE UNIT TEST REVIEW Flashcards
When was Armenia formed
3000 years ago
Who is attributed with first using the word genocide
Raphael Lemkin
Why was the Ottoman Empire called “The sick man of Europe”
Because the Islamic world was falling under Christian rule and the Turks had once dominated the Eastern Mediterranean, but the Ottoman Empire had crumbled.
Differences between Ottoman Armenians and Ottoman Turks
Ottoman Armenians lived under discriminatory laws/taxes, they lived in administrative districts called vilayets, Christianity. Ottoman Turks were Islamic and were not discriminated like Armenians.
How were Ottoman Armenians scapegoats
The difference in race and ethnicity. Ottoman Turks only wanted “their kind of people” and saw Ottoman Armenians as a factor stopping them. Territory, Ottoman Armenians were taking up excess neighbourhoods and territories of the Ottoman Turks.
Who were targeted first when the genocide started
Armenian Civil leaders, intellectuals, doctors, businessman, artists?
How did the Armenian Genocide start
Differing views of nationalism, religion, and wartime radicalization. They were already facing discriminatory laws previously, but the Young Turks sent orders to province leaders to gather women and children to lead them onto trains headed for the Syrian desert
Treaty of Berlin
Ended war between Ottoman Empire and Russia. Was meant to improve lives of Armenians as they were promised fairer taxation, protection from tribal attacks, and the right to testify in court.
Sultan’s response to Treaty of Berlin
He never implemented the terms and conditions of the Treaty
Who were the Hamidian Massacres?
Refers to supporters pf Abdul Hamid II, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
What caused the Hamidian Massacres
Armenians were fighting for equality and rebelling against Sultan and the government over his treatment. Over 200,000 Armenians were killed by the army and local gangs and food supply was blocked.
Which side was Turkey on during WWI, who were its allies
Central powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary. They sided with Germany to strengthen and modernize the weak Ottoman military and to provide Germany with safe passage into British colonies
Routes of deportation
They were deported along a number of routes to deserted areas, Syrian desert in particular
Death march
A forced march ordered by Talaat Pasha where Armenian women, children, and elderly were sent on marches through the Syrian Desert under terrible living conditions. People often died through disease, starvation, etc.
5 ways the Armenian Genocide ended:
- The goals of the genocide were achieved through deportations and massacres. Armenians were removed from the Eastern part of the Ottoman Empire
- WWI. Ottoman Empire dedicated their forces to fight the allies and the genocide was made less of a priority
- End of WWI. Ottoman Empire got a new leader, Mustafa Kemal and formed the Republic of Turkey
- After WWI, Armenia becomes part of USSR as Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire identified more with their Russia Armenian.
